Verse:Irta/Knench

In this versespace:

Verse:

Irta/Knench

• Irta/Knench/Ancient
• Irta/Knench/Ancient/Gzarot
• Irta/Knench/Diachronics
• Irta/Knench/Lexicon
• Irta/Knench/Middle
• Irta/Knench/Religion
• Irta/Knench/Sandbox
• Irta/Knench/Swadesh list

Verse talk:

Knench /nɛnt͡ʃ/ (natively /ˈkʰnɔ̃ːnɪð/) is a divergent descendent of Canaanite spoken in Lõis Great Britain. It does not lose Semitic triconsonantal morphology, but it loses older Semitic conjugated verb forms in favor of constructions using the infinitive construct. Knench is the second largest Irta British minority language after Welsh, in fact its syntax is similar to Colloquial Welsh.

Revamp prosody to a more Welshy one

• dobor [ˈðoːvʌɾ] "a thing"
• doboraz [ðʌˈvoːɾaz] "the thing"
• deberi [ðɛˈvɛːɾi] "things" (affection; plural -īm -> -i)
• deberimel [ðɛvɛˈɾiːmɛl] "the things"
• qhymůr [ˈqʰəmʉɾ] "donkey"
• jůno [ˈjʉːnʌ] "a pigeon"
• jůnozů [jʉˈnoːzʉ] "the pigeon"
• jůnůd [ˈjʉːnʉð] "pigeons" (Hebrew has yōnīm but let's use the f. pl. ending)
• jůnůdel [jʉˈnʉːðɛl] "the pigeons"

Phonology

Knench phonology is complex, with underlying phonemes resulting in multiple phones depending on the phonetic environment (most importantly, stressed versus unstressed syllables; prevocalic or non-prevocalic for certain laryngeals)

Vowels

a e y i o u ů /a~aː ɛ~eː ə~ɨː ɪ~iː ʌ~o̝ː ʊ~u̟ː ʉ~yː/

Consonants

Underlying consonants

• |ʔ| x (often lost) from Old Knench /ʔ/
• |v| v from Old Knench /b/
• |ɣ| g from Old Knench /g/
• |ð| d from Old Knench /d/
• |h| ḧ (often lost) from Old Knench /h/
• |w| w from Old Knench /w/
• |z| z from Old Knench /z/ (from PSem *z and ð)
• |qʰ| qh from Old Knench /χ/ (from PSem *x and *ħ)
• |t=| t from Old Knench /tˁ/
• |j| j from Old Knench /j/
• |kʰ| ch from Old Knench /k/
• |l| l from Old Knench /l/
• |m| m from Old Knench /m/
• |n| n from Old Knench /n/
• |s| çh from Old Knench /ts/ (from PSem *s)
• |ʁ̃| ɣ from Old Knench /ʁ̃/ (from PSem *ɣ and *ʕ)
• |f| f from Old Knench /p/
• |p=| p from Latin/Romance /p/
• |ts=| ç from Old Knench /tsˁ/ (from PSem *ṣ, *ṣ́, and *θ̣)
• |k=| c from Old Knench /q/
• |r| r from Old Knench /r/
• |ʂ| s from Old Knench /s̠/ (from PSem *š, *ś, and *θ)
• |tʰ| th from Old Knench /t/

qh is in a process of merging with ch in Modern Knench. The merged sound is kʰ~x.

Morphology

Pronouns

• 1sg: i (after consonant), ni (after vowel)
• 2sg.m: tho; -cho tho (after prepositions)
• 2sg.f: thy; -chyth (after prepositions)
• 3sg.m: ůj (< -ů + ḧi)
• 3sg.f: oj (< -o/-oh/-ho + ḧi)
• 1pl: nu
• 2pl: thym; -chym thym, -chythym (after prepositions)
• 3pl: 'm

Verbs

The citation form is uninflected in Colloquial Knench:

Re ni by bluɣ i laqhm. (PRES 1SG PROG eat 1SG bread) 'I eat/am eating bread.'

Bluɣ laqhmaz! 'Eat the bread! (both sg and pl)'

Knench verbs can be from inherited binyanim (fɣul, iffoɣel, ithfoɣel, faɣel, afɣel, isthafɣel) or from noun patterns.