User:H. H. P. M. P. Cole/Primitive vowel systems

Phonology

Initials

p t k ph th kh b d g /p t k pʰ tʰ kʰ b d g/

m n /m n/

l y /l j/

ts dz ch j /ts dz tʃ dʒ/

f v s z sh zh /f v s z ʃ ʒ/

Medials

Only /ɹ/ and /j/ are allowed. They are not allowed after nasals or approximants. /ji/ is not allowed.

Nuclei

a e i o u a_e i_e o_e /a ɛ i ɔ u ei ai əu/

Final and tone combinations

Tones are the same as in Middle Chinese.

First tone: Ø m n ng

Second tone: s mp nt nk

Third tone: sh b d g

Fourth tone: N/A p t k

Notes

Soundchanges from Hlou

• First tone: Ø m n ng (descended from Ø g ~ ~g)
• Second tone: s mp nt nk (descended from s/b ß ~s/b ~ß)
• Third tone: sh b d g (descended from d n ~d ~n)
• Fourth tone: N/A p t k (descended from N/A h~hn ~h ~hn)