User:IlL/Spare pages 1/5: Difference between revisions
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*''oem'' = say | *''oem'' = say | ||
*''ry'' = hear | *''ry'' = hear | ||
* | *Tsjoen national anthem? | ||
*''zjog'' = person | *''zjog'' = person | ||
*''zatj'' = 2nd person polite pronoun | *''zatj'' = 2nd person polite pronoun | ||
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
Tsjoen has an average-sized (~25, depending on who's counting) consonant inventory and a rather large (10) vowel inventory. | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;" | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Tsjoen has 10 vowel phonemes. There are no diphthongs. | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Tsjoen nouns do not inflect for number but take possessive prefixes for ''inalienable'' possession. Tsjoen nouns can take classifiers which serve many functions. Classifiers with possessive prefixes mark ''alienable'' possession. | |||
Inalienable possession is most commonly used for family members ('the boy's mother'), body parts ('my arm') and inherent properties ('the prime factorization of 760') but may used for other nuances as well. As an example, ''vae-raev eotijin'' (with alienable possession) would be the usual way of saying 'my proof' (i.e. the proof that I devised of a mathematical statement), while ''vae-eotijin'' (using inalienable possession) suggests a more special or unique relationship, e.g. I am the one who originally proved the theorem. | Inalienable possession is most commonly used for family members ('the boy's mother'), body parts ('my arm') and inherent properties ('the prime factorization of 760') but may used for other nuances as well. As an example, ''vae-raev eotijin'' (with alienable possession) would be the usual way of saying 'my proof' (i.e. the proof that I devised of a mathematical statement), while ''vae-eotijin'' (using inalienable possession) suggests a more special or unique relationship, e.g. I am the one who originally proved the theorem. | ||
Tsjoen uses a possessive prefix, either on a classifier placed before the possessum (classifiers are also used as definite articles) for alienable possession or directly on the possessum for inalienable possession. | |||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
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===Classifiers=== | ===Classifiers=== | ||
Tsjoen classifiers inflect for number. They often have suppletive plural forms. For example, ''zjog'' means either 'a person' or 'people'; ''ne zjog'' means 'the person'; ''stae zjog'' means 'the people'. | |||
The following classifiers are used: | The following classifiers are used: | ||
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==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Basic typology=== | ===Basic typology=== | ||
Tsjoen grammar is mostly analytic and SVXO. Genitives and adjectives precede nouns: relative clauses follow nouns. Both pre- and postpositions are used. | |||
:''Xi taek oseor eukng ti fjuxt.'' | :''Xi taek oseor eukng ti fjuxt.'' | ||
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===Verb phrases=== | ===Verb phrases=== | ||
Grammaticalization happens readily in | Grammaticalization happens readily in Tsjoen, as evinced by the sheer number of auxiliaries and particles in the language. | ||
====TAM==== | ====TAM==== | ||
Lots of TAM particles | Lots of TAM particles | ||
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==Miscellaneous== | ==Miscellaneous== | ||
===Poetry=== | ===Poetry=== | ||
A | A Tsjoen meter is a set number of syllables per line, commonly with a division of each line into (usually two) sub-lines of certain lengths. | ||
Alliteration is essential in | Alliteration is essential in Tsjoen poetry; traditionally, one creates a sense of rhythm by using alliteration in certain patterns such as: | ||
# the beginning syllables of sub-lines, e.g. in the pattern a ... | a ... or a ... | [...] | a ... | # the beginning syllables of sub-lines, e.g. in the pattern a ... | a ... or a ... | [...] | a ... | ||