Qino: Difference between revisions

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! Traditional Arabic !! "Modernized" Arabic !! Latin !! IPA !! Notes

|-

| <big>ـأ أ</big> || <big>أ</big> || ' || ʔ || Here hamzah is shown on alif, but it may occur on waw, ya', or without a "chair".

| <big>ـأ أ</big> || <big>أ</big> || ' || ʔ || Here hamzah is shown on alif, but it may occur on waw (ؤ), ya' (ئ), or without a "chair" (ء).

|-

| <big>ببب ب</big> || <big>ب</big> || b || b || Lenited to [β] between vowels. May be indicated in traditional Arabic script as ۋ.

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| <big>ششش ش</big> || <big>ش</big> || sh || ||

|-

| <big>صصص ص</big> || <big>ص</big> || s || s || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is ~~as in Fusha~~.

| <big>صصص ص</big> || <big>ص</big> || s || s || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is /sˁ/.

|-

| <big>ضضض ض</big> || <big>ض</big> || dh/l || ɗ/l || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Normally pronounced /ɗ/ word-initially and /l/ otherwise. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha or the "hybrid" pronunciations /ɗ̪(ˁ)/ and /lˁ/.

| <big>ضضض ض</big> || <big>ض</big> || dh/l || ɗ/l || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Normally pronounced /ɗ/ word-initially and /l/ otherwise. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha (/dˁ/ or whatever) or the "hybrid" pronunciations /ɗ̪(ˁ)/ and /lˁ/.

|-

| <big>ططط ط</big> || <big>ط</big> || dh || ɗ || Lenited to [ɾˀ] between vowels. In loanwords, may be pronounced ~~as in Fusha~~ or the hybrid pronunciation /ɗ̪(ˁ)/.

| <big>ططط ط</big> || <big>ط</big> || dh || ɗ || Lenited to [ɾˀ] between vowels. In loanwords, may be pronounced /t̪ˁ/ or the hybrid pronunciation /ɗ̪(ˁ)/.

|-

| <big>ظظظ ظ</big> || <big>ظ</big> || dz || ð || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is ~~as in Fusha~~. ~~May be nativized~~ as /d/ or /ɗ/.

| <big>ظظظ ظ</big> || <big>ظ</big> || dz || ð || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is /ðˁ/. Nativized as /d/ or /ɗ/.

|-

| <big>ععع ع</big> || <big>ع</big> || c || ʕ ||

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| <big>ڥڥڥ ڥ</big> || <big>پ</big> || p || p || Occurs in loanwords. Nativized as /b/ or /f/.

|-

| <big>ڧڧٯ ٯ</big> || <big>ق</big> || q || ɠ || Lenited to [ʔ] between vowels (may be indicated in Arabic script as ء).

| <big>ڧڧٯ ٯ</big> || <big>ق</big> || q || ɠ || Lenited to [ʔ] between vowels (may be indicated in Arabic script as ء). In loanwords, may be pronounced /q/ or the hybrid pronunciation /ʛ/.

|-

| <big>ققق ق</big> || <big>ڹ</big> || ng || ŋ ||

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 ! Traditional Arabic !! "Modernized" Arabic !! Latin !! IPA !! Notes
 |-
-| <big>ـأ أ</big> || <big>أ</big> || ' || ʔ || Here hamzah is shown on alif, but it may occur on waw, ya', or without a "chair".
+| <big>ـأ أ</big> || <big>أ</big> || ' || ʔ || Here hamzah is shown on alif, but it may occur on waw (ؤ), ya' (ئ), or without a "chair" (ء).
 |-
 | <big>ببب ب</big> || <big>ب</big> || b || b || Lenited to [β] between vowels. May be indicated in traditional Arabic script as ۋ.
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 | <big>ششش ش</big> || <big>ش</big> || sh ||  ||
 |-
-| <big>صصص ص</big> || <big>ص</big> || s || s || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha.
+| <big>صصص ص</big> || <big>ص</big> || s || s || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is /sˁ/.
 |-
-| <big>ضضض ض</big> || <big>ض</big> || dh/l || ɗ/l || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Normally pronounced /ɗ/ word-initially and /l/ otherwise. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha or the "hybrid" pronunciations /ɗ̪(ˁ)/ and /lˁ/.
+| <big>ضضض ض</big> || <big>ض</big> || dh/l || ɗ/l || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Normally pronounced /ɗ/ word-initially and /l/ otherwise. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha (/dˁ/ or whatever) or the "hybrid" pronunciations /ɗ̪(ˁ)/ and /lˁ/.
 |-
-| <big>ططط ط</big> || <big>ط</big> || dh || ɗ || Lenited to [ɾˀ] between vowels. In loanwords, may be pronounced as in Fusha or the hybrid pronunciation /ɗ̪(ˁ)/.
+| <big>ططط ط</big> || <big>ط</big> || dh || ɗ || Lenited to [ɾˀ] between vowels. In loanwords, may be pronounced /t̪ˁ/ or the hybrid pronunciation /ɗ̪(ˁ)/.
 |-
-| <big>ظظظ ظ</big> || <big>ظ</big> || dz || ð || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is as in Fusha. May be nativized as /d/ or /ɗ/.
+| <big>ظظظ ظ</big> || <big>ظ</big> || dz || ð || Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Educated pronunciation is /ðˁ/. Nativized as /d/ or /ɗ/.
 |-
 | <big>ععع ع</big> || <big>ع</big> || c || ʕ ||
@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 | <big>ڥڥڥ ڥ</big> || <big>پ</big> || p || p || Occurs in loanwords. Nativized as /b/ or /f/.
 |-
-| <big>ڧڧٯ ٯ</big> || <big>ق</big> || q || ɠ || Lenited to [ʔ] between vowels (may be indicated in Arabic script as ء).
+| <big>ڧڧٯ ٯ</big> || <big>ق</big> || q || ɠ || Lenited to [ʔ] between vowels (may be indicated in Arabic script as ء). In loanwords, may be pronounced /q/ or the hybrid pronunciation /ʛ/.
 |-
 | <big>ققق ق</big> || <big>ڹ</big> || ng || ŋ ||