Judeo-Gaelic: Difference between revisions
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Initials=== | ===Initials=== | ||
tsy tshy dzy ny sy zy > ti thi di ni si zi | tsy tshy dzy ny sy zy > ti thi di ni si zi | ||
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| {{IPA|mˠ}} || {{IPA|mʲ}} | | {{IPA|mˠ}} || {{IPA|mʲ}} | ||
| {{IPA|n̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|nʲ}} | | {{IPA|n̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|nʲ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA|ɳ}} | ||
| {{IPA|ŋʲ}} || {{IPA|ŋ}} | | {{IPA|ŋʲ}} || {{IPA|ŋ}} | ||
| | | | ||
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| || | | || | ||
| {{IPA|t̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|tʲ}} | | {{IPA|t̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|tʲ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA|ʈ}} | ||
| {{IPA|kʲ}} || {{IPA|k}} | | {{IPA|kʲ}} || {{IPA|k}} | ||
| {{IPA|ʔ}} | | {{IPA|ʔ}} | ||
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| {{IPA|pˠʰ}} || {{IPA|pʲʰ}} | | {{IPA|pˠʰ}} || {{IPA|pʲʰ}} | ||
| {{IPA|t̪ˠʰ}} || {{IPA|tʲʰ}} | | {{IPA|t̪ˠʰ}} || {{IPA|tʲʰ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA|ʈʰ}} | ||
| {{IPA|kʲʰ}} || {{IPA|kʰ}} | | {{IPA|kʲʰ}} || {{IPA|kʰ}} | ||
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| {{IPA|bˠ}} || {{IPA|bʲ}} | | {{IPA|bˠ}} || {{IPA|bʲ}} | ||
| {{IPA|d̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|dʲ}} | | {{IPA|d̪ˠ}} || {{IPA|dʲ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA|ɖ}} | ||
| {{IPA|gʲ}} || {{IPA|g}} | | {{IPA|gʲ}} || {{IPA|g}} | ||
| | | | ||
Revision as of 23:27, 14 March 2017
Judeo-Chinese is a descendant of Middle Chinese adopted by Chinese Jews in Verse:Tumhan, written in a version of the Hebrew alphabet. Like other Chinese varieties, it is a tonal language and is unintelligible to speakers of other Chinese lects.
Phonology
Initials
tsy tshy dzy ny sy zy > ti thi di ni si zi
| Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Velar | Laryngeal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| broad | slender | broad | slender | slender | broad | ||||
| Nasal | mˠ | mʲ | n̪ˠ | nʲ | ɳ | ŋʲ | ŋ | ||
| Stop | plain | t̪ˠ | tʲ | ʈ | kʲ | k | ʔ | ||
| aspirated | pˠʰ | pʲʰ | t̪ˠʰ | tʲʰ | ʈʰ | kʲʰ | kʰ | ||
| voiced | bˠ | bʲ | d̪ˠ | dʲ | ɖ | gʲ | g | ||
| Affricate | plain | t̪sˠ | tsʲ | tʂ | |||||
| aspirated | t̪sˠʰ | tsʲʰ | tʂʰ | ||||||
| voiced | d̪zˠ | dzʲ | dʐ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | fˠ | fʲ | sˠ | sʲ | ʂ | xʲ | x | h |
| voiced | vˠ | vʲ | zˠ | zʲ | ɣʲ | ɣ | |||
| Approximant | l̪ˠ | lʲ | ɻ | j | |||||
Rimes
(baxter) a, wa, ja, jwa > a, å, ja, jå?
"i" was ngaX
yes
actually a, å, ia, iå (i = palatalization)
ae, wae, jae > æ, œ, iæ
u, jo, ju > u, iœ, iu
(all this assumes the syllable is initial and thus stressed, perhaps there's reduction in unstressed syllables)
-j final codas: óigh bhféigh, there's a shitton of them
D
oj, ajH > aj
woj, wajH > åj
so is there a vowel split based on tone?
ajH and aejH only occur with H
eaj, aejH > æj
æ = finnish æ?
could be
weaj, waejH > œj
jejH, jiejH, jwejH, jwiejH might have the same outcome as je, jie, jwe, jwie
those finals with -ji- are called chongniu finals
i could merge jiej completely with jej like mandarin does
or they could be different
i'll treat jiej like jij and jwiej like jwij
je(j), jwe(j) > /'ie, 'yø/
ej, wej > /ie, yø/
or maybe ie and üœ should be /e, ø/
joj, jwoj > /ej, øj/
here's something CRAZY
a literally-read irish sinolang
with /aoi/ as a rime
ij, jij, wij, jwij > /i, 'i, y, 'y/
i > /i/
j+j, jw+j > /'i, 'y/
maube all those y's shd really be uj's
-jew > -y'hudi 😀
aw, aew, jew, jiew, ew, uw, juw, jiw > /aw, æw, 'aw, 'ew, æw, u, 'u, ew/
D
i like -y'hudi
actually sorry
aw, aw, iaw, iew, ew, u, iu, iew
om, am, eam, aem, jem, jiem, jaem, jom, em, im, jim
> um, om, am, am, iem, im, iam, iom, ium, em, im, jim
looks good
(similarly for -p rimes)
-ium 😀
an, wan, aen, waen, ean, wean > an, ån, æn, œn, en, øn
ann, uann, ainn, uainn, eann, uainn
in a literal irish version
jen, jwen, jon, jwon > ien, iøn, ion, iun
en, wen, on, won > en, øn, on, un
in, jin, win, jwin, j+n, jun > in, yn, un, iun, in, iun
y = hard /i/
ak, wak, jak, jwak > ak, åk, iak, iåk
aewk > ?
aoigh
auk?
that works
ok, wok, ik, wik > ok, uk, ik, uk
aek, waek, eak, waek > æk, œk, æk, œk
jaek, jwaek > iæk, iœk
jek jwek ek wek > iek iøk ek øk
uwk owk juwk jowk > uk ok iuk iok
i might do something with œ and ø
make them central vowels
maybe merge them to ə
or œ > a, ø > ə
œ > a is interesting
i have a æ e i o u ə in the end - like Rõktiap 😀
actually
å will also merge to o