Aryan: Difference between revisions

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: ''*tū́'', ''*tu̯pʰa'' (Aryan) ⇒ ''*tuH'', ''*tébʰi'' (PIE) ⇒ ''tu'', ''tibi'' (Latin)

DILUVIAN PARTICLES ... -n (gen), -pʰa (dat)

-n (gen), -pʰa (dat)

ns

**ís + s + i̯a, instead:

The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*s'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative). Vide the genitive plural of the third-person:

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: ''*ísi̯am'' (Aryan) > ''*éysom'' (PIE) ⇒ ''eum'' (Latin)

~~words for colors are easily derivatives due their expressivity~~

https://www.jstor.org/stable/41288955?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents ...

~~roots not allowed~~: **deb, **tebʰ

*h2 was not originally a collective particle ...

*u̯sh0 (acc.) > *wos (acc.~~) > vōs (nom~~.) /

*su (generic third-person) > *swé (generic reflexive

~~-em~~/-~~ens adjectives~~ ... ~~mostly animate/inanimate distinction with masculine/feminine inflection relegated to pronouns~~

~~comparative *yes, superlative *isto~~

~~https://www.jstor.org/stable/41288955?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents ...~~

~~pronouns is, ea, id~~

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

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*The primordial form of ''*aiǵṓn'' (PIE ''*eǵHóm'') is ''ˈʕɨ̀ː-ɔː'' (Codex), which would regularly yield ''*aíō'', yet it is observed that in Aryan the consonant <''*ǵ''> is inserted, plus the affixation of <''*n''>, more securely assumed as a borrowing from Diluvian ''nao'' "I".

*There is a emphatic series of third-person pronouns (i.e. ''*h0i'' "he", ''*ih0'' "she", ''*id́'' "it"). The reason for this is that in the Codex, pronouns are morphologically treated as affixes, and therefore cannot stand by themselves except when linked to a root (e.g. ''ˈə-e̞ː'' "he/she/it", but not ''**e̞ː'').

*There is a emphatic series of third-person pronouns (i.e. ''*h0i'' "he", ''*ih0'' "she", ''*id́'' "it"). [...] pronouns is, ea, id [...] The reason for this is that in the Codex, pronouns are morphologically treated as affixes, and therefore cannot stand by themselves except when linked to a root (e.g. ''ˈə-e̞ː'' "he/she/it", but not ''**e̞ː'').

Reanalysis

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**This sound change affected all other inflections of the first person singular.

*** e.g. the Aryan form ''*nh0'' "me" became ''*mh0'', then PIE ''*me''.

*The dual is formed by erasing sounds of the singular, then reduplicating it (e.g. ''*aiǵṓn'' ⇒ ''*ōi̯ṓn''; ''*tū́'' ⇒ ''*ūi̯ū́''), while the plural is formed by erasing the reduplication of the dual, then adding the serial particle ''*-s-'' (e.g. ''*ōi̯ṓn'' ⇒ ''*ṓns''; ''*ūi̯ū́'' ⇒ ''*ū́s''). Medial ''*i̯'' inserted to avoid diphthongs.

*The dual is formed by erasing sounds of the singular, then reduplicating it (e.g. ''*aiǵṓn'' ⇒ ''*ōi̯ṓn''; ''*tū́'' ⇒ ''*ūi̯ū́''; ''*aíh0i'' ⇒ ''*aī́''), while the plural is formed by erasing the reduplication of the dual, then adding the serial particle ''*-s-'' (e.g. ''*ōi̯ṓn'' ⇒ ''*ṓns''; ''*ūi̯ū́'' ⇒ ''*ū́s''; ''*aī́'' ⇒ ''*aís''). Medial ''*i̯'' ~ ''*u̯'' is inserted to avoid diphthongs.

**The products of this process would eventually substitute the plural forms (i.e. ''*ṓns'' "we (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ōi̯ṓn'' "we (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*wéy'' "we (plural)" (PIE); ''*ūs'' "you (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ūi̯ū́'' "you (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*yū́'' "you (plural)" (PIE)).

**The products of this process would eventually substitute the plural forms of the first and second-person (i.e. ''*ṓns'' "we (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ōi̯ṓn'' "we (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*wéy'' "we (plural)" (PIE); ''*ūs'' "you (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ūi̯ū́'' "you (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*yū́'' "you (plural)" (PIE)).

===Verb===

@@ Line 3,050: / Line 3,050: @@
 : ''*tū́'', ''*tu̯pʰa'' (Aryan) ⇒ ''*tuH'', ''*tébʰi'' (PIE) ⇒ ''tu'', ''tibi'' (Latin)
+DILUVIAN PARTICLES ... -n (gen), -pʰa (dat)
--n (gen), -pʰa (dat)
-ns
-**ís + s + i̯a, instead:
 The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*s'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative). Vide the genitive plural of the third-person:
@@ Line 3,067: / Line 3,056: @@
 : ''*ísi̯am'' (Aryan) > ''*éysom'' (PIE) ⇒ ''eum'' (Latin)
-words for colors are easily derivatives due their expressivity
+https://www.jstor.org/stable/41288955?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents ...
-roots not allowed: **deb, **tebʰ
-*h2 was not originally a collective particle ...
-*u̯sh0  (acc.) > *wos (acc.) > vōs (nom.) /
-*su (generic third-person) > *swé (generic reflexive
--em/-ens adjectives ... mostly animate/inanimate distinction with masculine/feminine inflection relegated to pronouns
-comparative *yes, superlative *isto
-https://www.jstor.org/stable/41288955?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents ...
-pronouns is, ea, id
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
@@ Line 3,117: / Line 3,098: @@
 *The primordial form of ''*aiǵṓn'' (PIE ''*eǵHóm'') is ''ˈʕɨ̀ː-ɔː'' (Codex), which would regularly yield ''*aíō'', yet it is observed that in Aryan the consonant <''*ǵ''> is inserted, plus the affixation of <''*n''>, more securely assumed as a borrowing from Diluvian ''nao'' "I".
-*There is a emphatic series of third-person pronouns (i.e. ''*h<sub>0</sub>i'' "he", ''*ih<sub>0</sub>'' "she", ''*id́'' "it"). The reason for this is that in the Codex, pronouns are morphologically treated as affixes, and therefore cannot stand by themselves except when linked to a root (e.g. ''ˈə-e̞ː'' "he/she/it", but not ''**e̞ː'').
+*There is a emphatic series of third-person pronouns (i.e. ''*h<sub>0</sub>i'' "he", ''*ih<sub>0</sub>'' "she", ''*id́'' "it"). [...] pronouns is, ea, id [...] The reason for this is that in the Codex, pronouns are morphologically treated as affixes, and therefore cannot stand by themselves except when linked to a root (e.g. ''ˈə-e̞ː'' "he/she/it", but not ''**e̞ː'').
 Reanalysis
@@ Line 3,125: / Line 3,106: @@
 **This sound change affected all other inflections of the first person singular.
 *** e.g. the Aryan form ''*nh<sub>0</sub>'' "me" became ''*mh<sub>0</sub>'', then PIE ''*me''.
-*The dual is formed by erasing sounds of the singular, then reduplicating it (e.g. ''*aiǵṓn'' ⇒ ''*ōi̯ṓn''; ''*tū́'' ⇒ ''*ūi̯ū́''), while the plural is formed by erasing the reduplication of the dual, then adding the serial particle ''*-s-'' (e.g. ''*ōi̯ṓn'' ⇒ ''*ṓns''; ''*ūi̯ū́'' ⇒ ''*ū́s''). Medial ''*i̯'' inserted to avoid diphthongs.
+*The dual is formed by erasing sounds of the singular, then reduplicating it (e.g. ''*aiǵṓn'' ⇒ ''*ōi̯ṓn''; ''*tū́'' ⇒ ''*ūi̯ū́''; ''*aíh0i'' ⇒ ''*aī́''), while the plural is formed by erasing the reduplication of the dual, then adding the serial particle ''*-s-'' (e.g. ''*ōi̯ṓn'' ⇒ ''*ṓns''; ''*ūi̯ū́'' ⇒ ''*ū́s''; ''*aī́'' ⇒ ''*aís''). Medial ''*i̯'' ~ ''*u̯'' is inserted to avoid diphthongs.
-**The products of this process would eventually substitute the plural forms (i.e. ''*ṓns'' "we (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ōi̯ṓn'' "we (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*wéy'' "we (plural)" (PIE); ''*ūs'' "you (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ūi̯ū́'' "you (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*yū́'' "you (plural)" (PIE)).
+**The products of this process would eventually substitute the plural forms of the first and second-person (i.e. ''*ṓns'' "we (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ōi̯ṓn'' "we (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*wéy'' "we (plural)" (PIE); ''*ūs'' "you (plural)" ⇒ ∅, replaced by ''*ūi̯ū́'' "you (dual)" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*yū́'' "you (plural)" (PIE)).
 ===Verb===