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Adamic Code: Difference between revisions

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|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|saíkat iru ’ûvil
|saíkat iru ’ûvil
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|NOM}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|NOM}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person being the philosopher" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person being the philosopher" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,355: Line 2,355:
|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|iskít iru ’ûl
|iskít iru ’ûl
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}} the.{{gcl|OBL}} person>animate>human
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} the.{{gcl|OBL}} person>animate>human
|"The philosopher is the person" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher is the person" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,364: Line 2,364:
|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|saíkat ira ’ûvil
|saíkat ira ’ûvil
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|ACC}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|ACC}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person influences/becomes the philosopher" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person influences/becomes the philosopher" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,373: Line 2,373:
|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|iskít ira ’ûl
|iskít ira ’ûl
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}} the.{{gcl|ERG}} person>animate>human
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} the.{{gcl|ERG}} person>animate>human
|"The philosopher is influenced/become by the person" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher is influenced/become by the person" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,382: Line 2,382:
|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|saíkat iri ’ûvil
|saíkat iri ’ûvil
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|DAT}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small> the.{{gcl|DAT}} person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person to the philosopher" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person to the philosopher" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,391: Line 2,391:
|skt r ’vl
|skt r ’vl
|iskít iri ’ûl
|iskít iri ’ûl
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}} the.{{gcl|GEN}} person>animate>human
|philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} the.{{gcl|GEN}} person>animate>human
|"The person's philosopher" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person's philosopher" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
=====Attribution=====
The effects of the cadence of syntactic arguments against nouns may lead from (1) to (4).
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= אול ר מףר סכת
|אול ר מףר סכת
|’vl r mfr skt
|’ûvil iru mur saíkat
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>
|"the person is the dead philosopher"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= אול ר מףר
|אול ר מףר
|’vl r mfr
|’ûvil iru murá
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}.{{gcl|NMZ}}
|"the person is the dead one"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(3)
|top= אול ר מףר
|אול ר מףר
|’vl r mfr
|’ûl iru mur
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}
|"the person is dead"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= אול מףרס
|אול מףרס
|’vl mfrs
|’ûvil mur-us
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"the person is dead"
}}


====Pronouns====
====Pronouns====
Line 2,404: Line 2,445:
|n skt
|n skt
|anu iskít
|anu iskít
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|NOM}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|NOM}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The philosopher being I" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher being I" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,413: Line 2,454:
|r sktn
|r sktn
|iru saíkat-an
|iru saíkat-an
|the.{{gcl|OBL}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|the.{{gcl|OBL}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"I am the philosopher" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"I am the philosopher" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,422: Line 2,463:
|n skt
|n skt
|ana iskít
|ana iskít
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|ACC}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|ACC}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The philosopher influences/becomes me" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher influences/becomes me" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,431: Line 2,472:
|r sktn
|r sktn
|ira saíkat-an
|ira saíkat-an
|the.{{gcl|ERG}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|the.{{gcl|ERG}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"I am influenced/become by the philosopher" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"I am influenced/become by the philosopher" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,440: Line 2,481:
|n skt
|n skt
|ani iskít
|ani iskít
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|DAT}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|DAT}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The philosopher to me" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher to me" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,449: Line 2,490:
|r sktn
|r sktn
|iri saíkat-an
|iri saíkat-an
|the.{{gcl|GEN}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|the.{{gcl|GEN}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The philosopher's I" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The philosopher's I" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
=====Attribution=====
The effects of the cadence of syntactic arguments against pronouns may lead from (1) to (4).
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= ר מףר סכתס
|ר מףר סכתס
|r mfr skts
|iru mur saíkat-us
|{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is the dead philosopher"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= ר מףרס
|ר מףרס
|r mfrs
|iru murá-su
|{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}.{{gcl|NMZ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is the dead one"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(3)
|top= ס מפר
|ס מףר
|s mfr
|asu mur
|{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|NOM}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}
|"he is dead"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= מפרס
|מףרס
|mfrs
|mur-us
|death.{{gcl|ADJ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is dead"
}}
}}


Line 2,462: Line 2,543:
|sktt ’vl
|sktt ’vl
|úsitu-t ’ûvil
|úsitu-t ’ûvil
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person wanting to think" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person wanting to think" (<small>ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,471: Line 2,552:
|sktt r ’vl
|sktt r ’vl
|úsit-at iru ’ûl
|úsit-at iru ’ûl
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}-want a.{{gcl|OBL}} person>animate>human
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}-want a.{{gcl|OBL}} person>animate>human
|"Wanting to think is the person" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"Wanting to think is the person" (<small>COPULATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,480: Line 2,561:
|sktt ’vl
|sktt ’vl
|úsita-t ’ûvil
|úsita-t ’ûvil
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|ACC}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|NDEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|ACC}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|NDEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person wants to think" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person wants to think" (<small>CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,489: Line 2,570:
|sktt r ’vl
|sktt r ’vl
|úsit-at ira ’ûl
|úsit-at ira ’ûl
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}-want a.{{gcl|ERG}} person>animate>human
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}-want a.{{gcl|ERG}} person>animate>human
|"To think is wanted by the person" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"To think is wanted by the person" (<small>PRODUCTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,498: Line 2,579:
|sktt ’vl
|sktt ’vl
|úsiti-t ’ûvil
|úsiti-t ’ûvil
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|DAT}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|DAT}}-want person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"The person to wanting to think" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person to wanting to think" (<small>DIRECTIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,507: Line 2,588:
|sktt r ’vl
|sktt r ’vl
|úsit-at iri ’ûl
|úsit-at iri ’ûl
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CNS}}-want a.{{gcl|GEN}} person>animate>human
|philosophy.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|INF}}.{{gcl|CONS}}-want a.{{gcl|GEN}} person>animate>human
|"The person's wanting to think" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
|"The person's wanting to think" (<small>POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,515: Line 2,596:




Furthermore, there is an exceptional construction which always involves pronouns; being the case when something is attributed to a noun.
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= אול ר מףר סכת
|אול ר מףר סכת
|’vl r mfr skt
|’ûvil iru mur saíkat
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>
|"the person is the dead philosopher"
}}


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= אול ר מףר
|אול ר מףר
|’vl r mfr
|’ûvil iru murá
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}.{{gcl|NMZ}}
|"the person is the dead one"
}}


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(3)
|top= אול ר מףר
|אול ר מףר
|’vl r mfr
|’ûl iru mur
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}
|"the person is dead"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= אול מףרס
|אול מףרס
|’vl mfrs
|’ûvil mur-us
|person>animate>human.{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|CONS}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"the person is dead"
}}




Line 2,557: Line 2,603:
Pronouns
Pronouns


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= ר מףר סכתס
|ר מףר סכתס
|r mfr skts
|iru mur saíkat-us
|{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}} philosophy><small>CLASS</small>-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is the dead philosopher"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= ר מףרס
|ר מףרס
|r mfrs
|iru murá-su
|{{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}.{{gcl|NMZ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is the dead one"
}}


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(3)
|top= ס מפר
|ס מףר
|s mfr
|asu mur
|{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|NOM}} death.{{gcl|ADJ}}
|"he is dead"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= מפרס
|מףרס
|mfrs
|mur-us
|death.{{gcl|ADJ}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"he is dead"
}}


attributive construction: no use of the article
attributive construction: no use of the article




'''nouns'''
: ''’ûvil iru mur saíkat'' "the man is the dead philosopher" (I)
: ''’ûvil iru murá'' "the man is the dead one" (II)
: ''’ûliru mur'' OR ''’ûvil mur-us''  "the man is dead" (III)
'''pronouns'''
: ''iru mur saíkat-us'' "he is the dead philosopher" (I)
: ''iru murá-su'' "he is the dead one" (II)
: ''asu mur'' OR ''mur-us'' "he is dead" (III)
iru
iru murá-su "he is the dead one"
>
mur-us OR asu mur "he is dead"




''ûliru murasu' "the man is the dead one" OR''ûvil iru murá'' "the man is the dead one"
"


compare the use of the possessive pronoun in ''mûm suruci'' "his mother" with ''mûm sumiru ’ûl āmfár'' "the man whose mother died"
compare the use of the possessive pronoun in ''mûm suruci'' "his mother" with ''mûm sumiru ’ûl āmfár'' "the man whose mother died"
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