Natalician: Difference between revisions

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~~==== Consonant Harmony ====~~

Natalician orthography reflects voice sandhi voicing, a form of consonant mutation with two consonants that meet, and the second is voiced and the first is unvoiced. The first unvoiced consonant {{IPA|[p t f ʃ t͡ʃ θ k s]}} is voiced to {{IPA|[b d v ʒ d͡ʒ ð ɡ z]}}, but the orthography remains unchanged. This usually does not include load words.

# In native Turkic words, the velar consonants {{IPA|/k, ɡ/}} are [[Palatalization (sound change)|palatalized]] to {{IPA|[c, ɟ]}} (similar to [[Russian language|Russian]]) when adjacent to the front vowels {{IPA|/e, i, œ, y/}}. Similarly, the consonant {{IPA|/l/}} is realized as a clear or light {{IPAblink|l̠|l}} next to front vowels (including word finally), and as a velarized {{IPAblink|ɫ̪|ɫ}} next to the central and back vowels {{IPA|/a, ɯ, o, u/}}. These alternations are not indicated orthographically: the same letters {{angbr|k}}, {{angbr|g}}, and {{angbr|l}} are used for both pronunciations. In foreign borrowings and proper nouns, however, these distinct realizations of {{IPA|/k, ɡ, l/}} are [[Contrastive distribution|contrastive]]. In particular, {{IPA|[c, ɟ]}} and clear {{IPAblink|l̠|l}} are sometimes found in conjunction with the vowels {{IPA|[a]}} and {{IPA|[u]}}. This pronunciation can be indicated by adding a [[Circumflex|circumflex accent]] over the vowel: e.g. {{lang|tr|'''gâ'''vur}} ('infidel'), {{lang|tr|mah'''kû'''m}} ('condemned'), {{lang|tr|'''lâ'''zım}} ('necessary'), although the use of this diacritic has become increasingly archaic.{{sfnp|Lewis|2001|pp=3–4, 6–7}} An example of a minimal pair is {{lang|tr|kar}} ('snow') vs. {{lang|tr|kâr}} (with palatalized {{IPA|[c]}}) ('profit').{{sfnp|Zimmer|Orgun|1999|p=155}}

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-==== Consonant Harmony ====
-Natalician orthography reflects voice sandhi voicing, a form of consonant mutation with two consonants that meet, and the second is voiced and the first is unvoiced. The first unvoiced consonant {{IPA|[p t f ʃ t͡ʃ θ k s]}} is voiced to {{IPA|[b d v ʒ d͡ʒ ð ɡ z]}}, but the orthography remains unchanged. This usually does not include load words.
 # In native Turkic words, the velar consonants {{IPA|/k, ɡ/}} are [[Palatalization (sound change)|palatalized]] to {{IPA|[c, ɟ]}} (similar to [[Russian language|Russian]]) when adjacent to the front vowels {{IPA|/e, i, œ, y/}}. Similarly, the consonant {{IPA|/l/}} is realized as a clear or light {{IPAblink|l̠|l}} next to front vowels (including word finally), and as a velarized {{IPAblink|ɫ̪|ɫ}} next to the central and back vowels {{IPA|/a, ɯ, o, u/}}. These alternations are not indicated orthographically: the same letters {{angbr|k}}, {{angbr|g}}, and {{angbr|l}} are used for both pronunciations. In foreign borrowings and proper nouns, however, these distinct realizations of {{IPA|/k, ɡ, l/}} are [[Contrastive distribution|contrastive]]. In particular, {{IPA|[c, ɟ]}} and clear {{IPAblink|l̠|l}} are sometimes found in conjunction with the vowels {{IPA|[a]}} and {{IPA|[u]}}. This pronunciation can be indicated by adding a [[Circumflex|circumflex accent]] over the vowel: e.g. {{lang|tr|'''gâ'''vur}} ('infidel'), {{lang|tr|mah'''kû'''m}} ('condemned'), {{lang|tr|'''lâ'''zım}} ('necessary'), although the use of this diacritic has become increasingly archaic.{{sfnp|Lewis|2001|pp=3–4, 6–7}} An example of a minimal pair is {{lang|tr|kar}} ('snow') vs. {{lang|tr|kâr}} (with palatalized {{IPA|[c]}}) ('profit').{{sfnp|Zimmer|Orgun|1999|p=155}}