Proto-Tungric: Difference between revisions

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#'''Class 5:''' The past stem has the same stem vowel as the present stem — e.g. ''*'''fip'''ō'' "I drink" > ''*'''fip'''ai'' "I drank", ''*'''fip'''adaz'' "drunk"

#Class 6: The past stem is derived from the present stem by adding ''-s-'' — e.g. ''*þragō'' "I drag" > ''*þrahsai'' "I dragged", ''*'''þrah'''taz'' "dragged"

#'''Class 7:''' The past stem is formed by reduplication of the first consonant followed by ''-e-'' — e.g. ''*'''han'''ō'' "I sing" > ''*'''hegan'''ai'' "I sang" (note: ''*hegan-'' is underlyingly ''*hehan-'')

#'''Class 7:''' The past stem is formed by reduplication of the first consonant followed by ''-e-''. In some verbs, there may also be a vowel change (usually ''-e/i-'' to ''-a-'') — e.g. ''*'''han'''ō'' "I sing" > ''*'''hegan'''ai'' "I sang" (note: ''*hegan-'' is underlyingly ''*hehan-'')

#'''Irregular:''' The past stem is formed in another way besides those above — e.g. ''*stêō'' "I stand" > ''*steþai'' "I stood"

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 #'''Class 5:''' The past stem has the same stem vowel as the present stem — e.g. ''*'''fip'''ō'' "I drink" > ''*'''fip'''ai'' "I drank", ''*'''fip'''adaz'' "drunk"
 #<b>Class 6:</b> The past stem is derived from the present stem by adding ''-s-'' — e.g. ''*<b>þrag</b>ō'' "I drag" > ''*<b>þrahs</b>ai'' "I dragged", ''*'''þrah'''taz'' "dragged"
-#'''Class 7:''' The past stem is formed by reduplication of the first consonant followed by ''-e-'' — e.g. ''*'''han'''ō'' "I sing" > ''*'''hegan'''ai'' "I sang" (note: ''*hegan-'' is underlyingly ''*hehan-'')
+#'''Class 7:''' The past stem is formed by reduplication of the first consonant followed by ''-e-''. In some verbs, there may also be a vowel change (usually ''-e/i-'' to ''-a-'') — e.g. ''*'''han'''ō'' "I sing" > ''*'''hegan'''ai'' "I sang" (note: ''*hegan-'' is underlyingly ''*hehan-'')
 #'''Irregular:''' The past stem is formed in another way besides those above — e.g. ''*stêō'' "I stand" > ''*steþai'' "I stood"