Filch: Difference between revisions
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There isn't necessarily a strict pronunciation system meant to be followed, but in the spirit of maximising intelligibility also here, these are the baseline. | There isn't necessarily a strict pronunciation system meant to be followed, but in the spirit of maximising intelligibility also here, these are the baseline. | ||
Spelling is largely phonetic, the main exception being {{ash|⟨sch⟩}} for {{IPA|[ʃx~ʃç]}} with an etymological {{ash|⟨c⟩}} to aid in recognition. | |||
Stress is always on the first syllable. | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | | ||
! Labial | ! Labial | ||
! Coronal | ! Coronal | ||
| Line 380: | Line 386: | ||
! Glottal | ! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | Nasal | ||
| {{ash| | | {{ash|⟨m⟩}} {{IPA|[m]}} | ||
| {{ash| | | {{ash|⟨n⟩}} {{IPA|[n]}} | ||
| | | style="background-color:#aaa" | | ||
| | | {{ash|⟨n⟩}} {{IPA|[ŋ]}} | ||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" | Plosive | ||
| {{ash| | ! Voiceless | ||
| {{ash| | | {{ash|⟨p⟩}} {{IPA|[p]}} | ||
| colspan="2" | | {{ash|⟨t⟩}} {{IPA|[t]}} | ||
| | | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | {{ash|⟨c⟩}} {{IPA|[c~k]}} | ||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! Voiced | |||
| {{ash|⟨b⟩}} {{IPA|[b]}} | |||
| {{ash|⟨d⟩}} {{IPA|[d]}} | |||
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | {{ash|⟨g⟩}} {{IPA|[ɟ~g]}} | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" | Fricative | |||
! Voiceless | |||
| rowspan="2" | {{ash|⟨f⟩}} {{IPA|[f~v]}} | |||
| {{ash|⟨th⟩}} {{IPA|[θ]}} | |||
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{ash|⟨h⟩}} {{IPA|[ç~x~h]}} | |||
|- | |||
! Voiced | |||
| {{ash|⟨dh⟩}} {{IPA|[ð]}} | |||
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | {{ash|⟨gh⟩}} {{IPA|[ɣ]}} | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! Sibilant | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
| {{ash|⟨s⟩}} {{IPA|[s~ʃ~z]}} | |||
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Rhotic | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
| {{ash|⟨r⟩}} {{IPA|[r]}} | |||
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Lateral | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
| {{ash|⟨s⟩}} {{IPA|[l]}} | |||
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Glide | |||
| {{ash|⟨w⟩}} {{IPA|[w]}} | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
| {{ash|⟨j⟩}} {{IPA|[j]}} | |||
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
|} | |||
* Velar nasal {{IPA|[ŋ]}} occurs before {{IPA|/k g/}}; the {{ash|⟨g⟩}} is pronounced in the {{ash|⟨ng⟩}} cluster. | |||
* Velar stops {{IPA|/k g/}} are palatal around front vowels. | |||
* Labiodental frivative {{IPA|/f/}} is voiced {{IPA|[v]}} between vowels and before voiced consonants. | |||
* Glottal frivative {{IPA|/h/}} is velar {{IPA|[x]}} in clusters around back vowels and {{IPA|[ç]}} in clusters around front vowels. | |||
* Sibilant fricative {{IPA|/s/}} is voiced {{IPA|[z]}} between vowels and before voiced consonants, and {{IPA|[ʃ]}} in the {{IPA|/sh/}} cluster (spelled ⟨sch⟩). | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
Filch is characterised, like the rest of its family, by many vowel qualities and diphthongs. Vowel length is not phonemic, but phonetically vowels are long in stressed open syllables. There are nasal vowels marked by an ogonek; in nasal diphthongs it goes on the last vowel letter. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Vowel | |||
! Long | |||
! Short | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨a⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[aː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[a]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨e⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[eː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[e]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨æ⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[ɛː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[ɛ]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨i⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[iː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[ɪ]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨o⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[oː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[ɔ]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨u⟩}} | |||
| style="background-color:#aaa" | | |||
| {{IPA|[ʊ]}} | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨y⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[yː]}} | |||
| {{IPA|[ʏ]}} | |||
|} | |||
Nasals are pronounced like their oral counterparts with nasalisation, and diphthongs are pronounced like their monophthong constituents in succession. Long {{ash|⟨u⟩}} does not exist because original PG ''*ū'' diphthongised and PG ''*u'' turned into either {{ash|⟨o⟩}} or {{ash|⟨y⟩}} in open syllables depending on umlaut. | |||
===Examples=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Spelling | |||
! Pronunciation | |||
|- | |||
| {{ash|⟨fisch⟩}} | |||
| {{IPA|[f]}} | |||
|} | |} | ||