Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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Another common way to emphasize a pronoun is to use ''feyn'' after it (e.g. מישא ףעין ''mișă feyn'' 'I myself', אן קיום ףעין ז׳ע ''ăn giyăm feyn ģe'' 'his very existence').

==== Possessive pronouns ====

For possession, the ''ă levăr ~~gum~~'' ~~('my book', lit. 'the book at me')~~ construction is standard for most nouns except family members and body parts where possessive prefixes are used (cf. Modern Hebrew also usually uses הספר שלי ''ha-sefer šeli'' instead of ספרי ''sifri''). Nouns that take possessive prefixes cannot take a definite article and must take a possessive prefix when definite. In addition, ־אַר׳ ''-aŗ'' 'father' and ־מאָר׳ ''-moŗ'' 'mother' cannot occur as indefinite nouns and obligatorily take possessive prefix forms.

For possession, the ''ă levăr tam'' construction is standard for most nouns except family members and body parts where possessive prefixes are used (cf. Modern Hebrew also usually uses הספר שלי ''ha-sefer šeli'' instead of ספרי ''sifri''). Nouns that take possessive prefixes cannot take a definite article and must take a possessive prefix when definite. In addition, ־אַר׳ ''-aŗ'' 'father' and ־מאָר׳ ''-moŗ'' 'mother' cannot occur as indefinite nouns and obligatorily take possessive prefix forms.

Double-marking possessives, e.g. בֿ' אהרן א-דֿר׳אָר ~~אז׳~~ משה ''V' Ăharăn '''ă-dhŗor ăģ Mușă'''.'' 'Aaron was Moses' brother' (lit. his brother of Moses) are used for nouns where possessive suffixes are still used. Possessive prefixes are considered ''Learăgüsiș'' for other nouns.

Double-marking possessives, e.g. בֿ' אהרן א-דֿר׳אָר תּאק׳ משה ''V' Ăharăn '''ă-dhŗor tăģ Mușă'''.'' 'Aaron was Moses' brother' (lit. his brother of Moses) are used for nouns where possessive suffixes are still used. Possessive prefixes are considered ''Learăgüsiș'' for other nouns.

* ''mă-dhŗor '' /məɣˈʒor/ 'my brother'; ''m-aŗ'' /maʒ/ 'my father'

* ''dă-dhŗor '' /təɣˈʒor/ 'thy brother'; ''d-aŗ'' /taʒ/ 'thy father'

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* ''văr-dŗor'' /vərtˈʒor/ 'your brother'; ''vărn-aŗ'' /vəɾˈnaʒ/ 'your father'

* ''ă-dŗor'' /ətˈʒor/ 'their brother'; ''ăn-aŗ'' /əˈnaʒ/ 'their father'

~~''m-'' and ''d-'' are used before a vowel, or when a lenited ''f'' results in an initial vowel.~~

=== List of inalienable nouns ===

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 Another common way to emphasize a pronoun is to use ''feyn'' after it (e.g. מישא ףעין ''mișă feyn'' 'I myself', אן קיום ףעין ז׳ע ''ăn giyăm feyn ģe'' 'his very existence').
 ==== Possessive pronouns ====
-For possession, the ''ă levăr gum'' ('my book', lit. 'the book at me') construction is standard for most nouns except family members and body parts where possessive prefixes are used (cf. Modern Hebrew also usually uses הספר שלי ''ha-sefer šeli'' instead of ספרי ''sifri''). Nouns that take possessive prefixes cannot take a definite article and must take a possessive prefix when definite. In addition, ־אַר׳ ''-aŗ'' 'father' and ־מאָר׳ ''-moŗ'' 'mother' cannot occur as indefinite nouns and obligatorily take possessive prefix forms.
+For possession, the ''ă levăr tam'' construction is standard for most nouns except family members and body parts where possessive prefixes are used (cf. Modern Hebrew also usually uses הספר שלי ''ha-sefer šeli'' instead of ספרי ''sifri''). Nouns that take possessive prefixes cannot take a definite article and must take a possessive prefix when definite. In addition, ־אַר׳ ''-aŗ'' 'father' and ־מאָר׳ ''-moŗ'' 'mother' cannot occur as indefinite nouns and obligatorily take possessive prefix forms.
-Double-marking possessives, e.g. בֿ' אהרן א-דֿר׳אָר אז׳ משה ''V' Ăharăn '''ă-dhŗor ăģ Mușă'''.'' 'Aaron was Moses' brother' (lit. his brother of Moses) are used for nouns where possessive suffixes are still used. Possessive prefixes are considered ''Learăgüsiș'' for other nouns.
+Double-marking possessives, e.g. בֿ' אהרן א-דֿר׳אָר תּאק׳ משה ''V' Ăharăn '''ă-dhŗor tăģ Mușă'''.'' 'Aaron was Moses' brother' (lit. his brother of Moses) are used for nouns where possessive suffixes are still used. Possessive prefixes are considered ''Learăgüsiș'' for other nouns.
 * ''mă-dhŗor '' /məɣˈʒor/ 'my brother'; ''m-aŗ'' /maʒ/ 'my father'
 * ''dă-dhŗor '' /təɣˈʒor/ 'thy brother'; ''d-aŗ'' /taʒ/ 'thy father'
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 * ''văr-dŗor'' /vərtˈʒor/ 'your brother'; ''vărn-aŗ'' /vəɾˈnaʒ/ 'your father'
 * ''ă-dŗor'' /ətˈʒor/ 'their brother'; ''ăn-aŗ'' /əˈnaʒ/ 'their father'
-''m-'' and ''d-'' are used before a vowel, or when a lenited ''f'' results in an initial vowel.
 === List of inalienable nouns ===