Idavic languages: Difference between revisions
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The three genders, the strong and weak declensions and the two sets of possessive markers are all Proto-Shalaic features. Verbs were not inflected for tense or person, and were syntactically verbal nouns; it is thought that verbs developed personal marking later from possessed (even doubly-possessed) verbal noun forms. | The three genders, the strong and weak declensions and the two sets of possessive markers are all Proto-Shalaic features. Verbs were not inflected for tense or person, and were syntactically verbal nouns; it is thought that verbs developed personal marking later from possessed (even doubly-possessed) verbal noun forms. | ||
===Root structure=== | ===Root structure=== | ||
Shalaic roots were consonantal roots as in Semitic languages: most roots were biconsonantals C-C or triconsonantals alternating between C-CC ~ CC-C. | Shalaic roots were consonantal roots as in Semitic languages: most roots were biconsonantals C-C ~ -CC or triconsonantals alternating between C-CC ~ CC-C. | ||
*√t-q 'to say' (a source of Shal. ''thaaH'') | *√t-q 'to say' (a source of Shal. ''thaaH'') | ||
*√ʕ-d 'to shine' (source of Shal. ''għeed'' 'bright'; ''għádmer'' 'happiness' comes from a root extension √ʕ-dm) | *√ʕ-d 'to shine' (source of Shal. ''għeed'' 'bright'; ''għádmer'' 'happiness' comes from a root extension √ʕ-dm) | ||
*√ʕ-t' 'to see' | *√ʕ-t' 'to see' | ||
There were 7 grades: | |||
*a-grade (CaC ~ aCC or CaCC ~ CCaC) | |||
*i-grade (CaC ~ aCC or CaCC ~ CCaC) | |||
*u-grade | |||
*ō-grade (CōC or CōCC) | |||
*lengthened grades of ā, ī, ū | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||