Lahob languages: Difference between revisions
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* ''Northern Lahob'', ''Core Lahob'', or ''Lahob proper'' - an occasionally used, at least geographically relevant, category for the five non-Chlouvānem branches spoken in Northern Márusúturon: | * ''Northern Lahob'', ''Core Lahob'', or ''Lahob proper'' - an occasionally used, at least geographically relevant, category for the five non-Chlouvānem branches spoken in Northern Márusúturon: | ||
** ''Kenaywanic languages'', spoken mainly in western Sprêny, including ... | ** ''Kenaywanic languages'', spoken mainly in western Sprêny, including ... | ||
** ''Central Lahobic languages'', spoken across the country of Peħlleit and a few communities in the far southwest (Konyzałay peninsula) of Koitrûx; including | ** ''Central Lahobic languages'', spoken across the country of Peħlleit and a few communities in the far southwest (Konyzałay peninsula) of Koitrûx; including Łohof-aðá, ... | ||
** ''Łogawenek languages'', spoken in the countries of Ferbêny, most of Alêig, and moribund in far northern Soenyŏ-tave; including ... | ** ''Łogawenek languages'', spoken in the countries of Ferbêny, most of Alêig, and moribund in far northern Soenyŏ-tave; including ... | ||
** ''Nayzehenyn languages'', spoken mainly across most of central, northern, and eastern Koitrûx, including Yełeshian Lawo, Shershan Lawo, ... | ** ''Nayzehenyn languages'', spoken mainly across most of central, northern, and eastern Koitrûx, including Yełeshian Lawo, Shershan Lawo, ... | ||
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==Name== | ==Name== | ||
The Lahob languages have a few competing names, all ultimately derived from Lahob proper: | The Lahob languages have a few competing names, all ultimately derived from Lahob proper: | ||
* ''Lahob'', ''Lahou'', or ''Lahobic'' all derive from the ethnonym ''Łaȟoḇ'' [ɬaˈχɔβ] in | * ''Lahob'', ''Lahou'', or ''Lahobic'' all derive from the ethnonym ''Łaȟoḇ'' [ɬaˈχɔβ] in ..., through [[Nordulaki]] ''Lahou'' [laˈhɔʊ̯]; the ultimate origin is Proto-Lahob *ɬakʰober, which is the common self-designation for many Lahob peoples (e.g. Łohof, Łogawe, Łokow, Tɬow). | ||
* ''Neshlenkentian'' derives from Łogawe ''nɛ łenkɛnt'', meaning either "our family" or "we are a family"; ''łenkɛnt'' is ultimately connected to Proto-Lahob *lenkaynət, the root for "family" in many non-Chlouvānem Lahob languages. | * ''Neshlenkentian'' derives from Łogawe ''nɛ łenkɛnt'', meaning either "our family" or "we are a family"; ''łenkɛnt'' is ultimately connected to Proto-Lahob *lenkaynət, the root for "family" in many non-Chlouvānem Lahob languages. | ||
* ''Lahob-Imuniguronian'' is an outdated term which was common when the relationship between the Core Lahob languages and Chlouvānem hadn't been proved yet; as acceptance of the theory grew, the term Lahob-Imuniguronian was replaced by the simpler Lahob, that had been used for the Core Lahob languages until then. "Imuniguronian" is the English adaptation of ''imúnigúronen'', the [[Cerian]] term (common to most Western languages) for "Chlouvānem". | * ''Lahob-Imuniguronian'' is an outdated term which was common when the relationship between the Core Lahob languages and Chlouvānem hadn't been proved yet; as acceptance of the theory grew, the term Lahob-Imuniguronian was replaced by the simpler Lahob, that had been used for the Core Lahob languages until then. "Imuniguronian" is the English adaptation of ''imúnigúronen'', the [[Cerian]] term (common to most Western languages) for "Chlouvānem". | ||
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===Ethnonyms=== | ===Ethnonyms=== | ||
It is notable how the vast majority of Lahob peoples have ethnonyms based on two single Proto-Lahob roots, which however are still present in some way in nearly all languages of the family, *ɬakʰober (people) and *wānəme (horde, tribe, group): | It is notable how the vast majority of Lahob peoples have ethnonyms based on two single Proto-Lahob roots, which however are still present in some way in nearly all languages of the family, *ɬakʰober (people) and *wānəme (horde, tribe, group): | ||
* *ɬakʰober as ethnonym for e.g. the | * *ɬakʰober as ethnonym for e.g. the Łohof, Łokow, Łogawe, Tɬow, Łoqɔ...; also reflexed as e.g. ''tɬawpe'' in Bɔni, ''tłɔwr'' in Waam (both "family"), or ''chlåmbhah'' (tribe) in Chlouvānem; | ||
* *wānəme as ethnonym for e.g. the Bɔni, Wonum, Waam, Bāmn, the -vānem part in Chlouvānem (''chlǣvānem'' originally meant "Golden Horde"); also reflected as e.g. '' | * *wānəme as ethnonym for e.g. the Bɔni, Wonum, Waam, Bāmn, the -vānem part in Chlouvānem (''chlǣvānem'' originally meant "Golden Horde"); also reflected as e.g. ''wang'' (group) in Łohof-aðá and ''womme'' (village) in Tɬow. | ||
<!-- ==Common characteristics== | <!-- ==Common characteristics== | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Proto-Lahob !! rowspan=2 | [[Chlouvānem]] !! colspan= | ! rowspan=2 | Proto-Lahob !! rowspan=2 | [[Chlouvānem]] !! colspan=2 | Central Lahobic !! colspan=2 | Nayzehenyn | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Proto-Central-Lahobic !! Łohof-aðá !! Proto-Nayzehenyn !! Yełeshian Lawo | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *ʕiŋi, *ʕ- "I" | ! *ʕiŋi, *ʕ- "I" | ||
| lili || | | lili || ''*oŋi'' || ngi || ''*eŋ͡mi'' || em̃e | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *kūri, *k- "you (masculine sg)" | ! *kūri, *k- "you (masculine sg)" | ||
| kūri || | | kūri || ''*kuri'' || kuy || ''*kuri'' || kuy | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *noni, *nəj- "you (feminine sg)" | ! *noni, *nəj- "you (feminine sg)" | ||
| nani || | | nani || ''*noy'' || no || ''*nay'' || ney | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *majin, *m-/*maj- "we" | ! *majin, *m-/*maj- "we" | ||
| main || | | main || ''*mēn'' || men || ''*mɛy'' || me | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *korin, *kro-/*koj- "you (masculine pl)" | ! *korin, *kro-/*koj- "you (masculine pl)" | ||
| — || | | — || ''*kōn'' || kon || ''*kran'' || qan | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *nogin, *(ə)ŋg- "you (feminine pl)" | ! *nogin, *(ə)ŋg- "you (feminine pl)" | ||
| nagin || | | nagin || ''*olin'' || ðin || ''*nawn'' || non | ||
|} | |} | ||