Qino: Difference between revisions

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=====Class 2b: ''-s-'' causative=====
=====Class 2b: ''-s-'' causative=====
Formed with the suffix ''-(i)s-'' (single causative) or ''-(i)siis-'' (double causative). Follows suffix conjugation.
Formed with the suffix ''-(i)s-'' (single causative), ''-(i)siis-'' (double causative), or ''-ees-'' (from adjectives and some nouns). Follows suffix conjugation.


It is used for the causative. The double causative is often used with transitive verbs, forming a causative that can take two direct objects - e.g. ''cabbi'' "to drink" → ''cabbisi'' "to give (someone/something) a drink" (can only take one accusative object) vs ''cabbisiisi'' "to give (someone) (something) to drink" (can take two accusative objects). However, this is not always the case - e.g. ''qosli'' "to laugh" → ''qoslisiisi/qosolchiisi'' "to make laugh".
It is used for the causative and to derive verbs from nouns. The double causative is often used with transitive verbs, forming a causative that can take two direct objects - e.g. ''cabbi'' "to drink" → ''cabbisi'' "to give (someone/something) a drink" (can only take one accusative object) vs ''cabbisiisi'' "to give (someone) (something) to drink" (can take two accusative objects). However, this is not always the case - e.g. ''qosli'' "to laugh" → ''qoslisiisi'' "to make laugh".
 
Additional causative suffixes can be added indefinitely to derive causatives from other causatives.
:e.g. ''fari'' "finger" → ''farsi'' "to write" → ''farsiisi'' "to make (someone) write" → ''farsisiisi'' "to make (someone) make (someone) write" → ...


=====Class 2c: ''-at-'' middle/autobenefactive=====
=====Class 2c: ''-at-'' middle/autobenefactive=====