Minhast: Difference between revisions
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{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Uššutirennide sukkādi ittaħšeknesurawāš! | |phrase = Uššutirennide sukkādi ittaħšeknesurawāš! | ||
|IPA = | |IPA = /uʃ:uti'rɛn:idɛ suk:'a:di it:aħʃɛknɛsura'wa:ʃ/ | ||
| morphemes = uššua-tirenn=de sukkādi ittaħš-ek-nes-u-rawāš | | morphemes = uššua-tirenn=de sukkādi ittaħš-ek-nes-u-rawāš | ||
| gloss = head-3S.INAN+3MS=ERG verily take-1S.ERG-FUT-MIR | | gloss = head-3S.INAN+3MS=ERG verily take-1S.ERG-FUT-MIR | ||
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* The particle ''damikman'' is another enigmatic particle. In narratives it is often translated as "once upon a time", but its usage is not restricted to the past. It can refer to present or future time as well. Its purpose appears to mark definite endpoints in relation to a reference point that is recoverable by all speech participants. When used for both present and future tenses it sometimes be translated as "soon". It obligatorily appears at the head of a clause and cannot be preceded by a ''wa=''- Construction, nor can it be followed by a ''wa=''-Construction. It cannot be considered an adjunct due to its fixed position in a clause. | * The particle ''damikman'' is another enigmatic particle. In narratives it is often translated as "once upon a time", but its usage is not restricted to the past. It can refer to present or future time as well. Its purpose appears to mark definite endpoints in relation to a reference point that is recoverable by all speech participants. When used for both present and future tenses it sometimes be translated as "soon". It obligatorily appears at the head of a clause and cannot be preceded by a ''wa=''- Construction, nor can it be followed by a ''wa=''-Construction. It cannot be considered an adjunct due to its fixed position in a clause. | ||
* ''Wēš'' has the same restrictions governing ''damikman'' regarding the ''wa=''- Construction. However, it is also a true adjunct and its position is quite free as ''sukkādi'', and it has the same scopal qualities. ''Wēš'' is often translated as "well then", "come on", "therefore", or sometimes "we'll see". | * ''Wēš'' has the same restrictions governing ''damikman'' regarding the ''wa=''- Construction. However, it is also a true adjunct and its position is quite free as ''sukkādi'', and it has the same scopal qualities. ''Wēš'' is often translated as "well then", "come on", "therefore", or sometimes "we'll see". In some cases it appears to be mild hortative particle, but more often it seems to be an aknowledgement that the topic of discussion remains unresolved. This might explain why it is often translated as a conjunction by native speakers: | ||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = Karħawwaksakšarħakabampi wēš Ikkūne yentikarakyamikminesampiš | |||
|IPA = /karhaw:aksakʃarhakab'ampi weʃ ɪk:'u:nɛ yɛntɪkarakyamikminɛs'ampiʃ/ | |||
| morphemes = kara-hawwak-sakšar-hak-ab-an-pi wēš Ikkūne yent-kara-kyam-km-nes-an-pi | |||
| gloss = PREP-confront-BEN.REFL-1P.INCL.ABS-IMPF-INTRANS-ANTI wēš leader still-PREP-aim.and.strike-3P.ABS-FUT-INTRANS-ANTI-IRREAL | |||
| translation = We prepare the Resistance, but the Ikkūne still plan to strike ''OR'' We prepare the Resistance; I expect them to strike nonetheless. | |||
}} | |||
Notice that ''wēš'', like ''wahēk'', appears to be a topic switcher and can invert the roles of the core arguments. | |||
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{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Tamarixtisaħpekan. Iyyaktallutekampiš wēš ixtiknahakmankilmakš! | |phrase = Tamarixtisaħpekan. Iyyaktallutekampiš wēš ixtiknahakmankilmakš! | ||
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| translation = I cannot walk any longer. I need to eat, and yet we still continue on! | | translation = I cannot walk any longer. I need to eat, and yet we still continue on! | ||
}} | }} | ||
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== Morphosyntax == | == Morphosyntax == | ||