Minhast: Difference between revisions

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As expected, possessive NPs can mark tense and aspect, e.g. ''kassartiskennesapište'' >>''kar-sart-skem-nes-ab=š=de'' "the car which they will be owning together", or ''kariskemart >> kar-skem-ar=de'' "their former car". Tense and aspect markers come '''before''' the Ergative marker ''=de''.

In the case of nouns derived from nominalized VPs, the situation becomes even more complex. In particular, nominalized transitive verbs, which are able to encode agent-patient relationships, can secondarily express possessive relationships. An example would be ''~~astekkenarunaf~~''t, literally "they that begat me", a formal term for "my father". Here, the portmanteau affix ''-ekken-'' denoting the 3P.ERG and the 1S.ABS, paraphrases the possessive relationship using verbal syntax to describe agent-patient relations.

In the case of nouns derived from nominalized VPs, the situation becomes even more complex. In particular, nominalized transitive verbs, which are able to encode agent-patient relationships, can secondarily express possessive relationships. An example would be ''astekkenarunaft'', literally "they that begat me", a formal term for "my father". Here, the portmanteau affix ''-ekken-'' denoting the 3P.ERG and the 1S.ABS, paraphrases the possessive relationship using verbal syntax to describe agent-patient relations.

To express "to have", one uses a ''matti'' + NP + ''wa='' + ABS+ERG=de construction, e.g. ''matti kaslub wa=ttaħt'' "You have a dog". Similarly, for deprivation, one uses the exact construction, replacing ''matti'' with ''hambin'' e.g. ''matti kaslub wa=ttaħt'' "You have no dog."

=== Degrees of Comparison ===

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 As expected, possessive NPs can mark tense and aspect, e.g. ''kassartiskennesapište'' >>''kar-sart-skem-nes-ab=š=de'' "the car which they will be owning together", or ''kariskemart >> kar-skem-ar=de'' "their former car". Tense and aspect markers come '''before''' the Ergative marker ''=de''.
-In the case of nouns derived from nominalized VPs, the situation becomes even more complex. In particular, nominalized transitive verbs, which are able to encode agent-patient relationships, can secondarily express possessive relationships. An example would be ''astekkenarunaf''t, literally "they that begat me", a formal term for "my father". Here, the portmanteau affix ''-ekken-'' denoting the 3P.ERG and the 1S.ABS, paraphrases the possessive relationship using verbal syntax to describe agent-patient relations.
+In the case of nouns derived from nominalized VPs, the situation becomes even more complex. In particular, nominalized transitive verbs, which are able to encode agent-patient relationships, can secondarily express possessive relationships. An example would be ''astekkenarunaft'', literally "they that begat me", a formal term for "my father". Here, the portmanteau affix ''-ekken-'' denoting the 3P.ERG and the 1S.ABS, paraphrases the possessive relationship using verbal syntax to describe agent-patient relations.
+To express "to have", one uses a ''matti'' + NP + ''wa='' + ABS+ERG=de construction, e.g. ''matti kaslub wa=ttaħt'' "You have a dog".  Similarly, for deprivation, one uses the exact construction, replacing ''matti'' with ''hambin'' e.g. ''matti kaslub wa=ttaħt'' "You have no dog."
 === Degrees of Comparison ===