Roshterian: Difference between revisions

IlL (talk | contribs)
IlL (talk | contribs)
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To express "is a [NOUN]" or "is [ADJ]", the copula ''-(l)uan'' is suffixed to the bare stem of X; X plus the copula then goes to the normal stem slot for purposes of verb inflection. The noun itself doesn't go into the plural even when the subject is plural.
To express "is a [NOUN]" or "is [ADJ]", the copula ''-(l)uan'' is suffixed to the bare stem of X; X plus the copula then goes to the normal stem slot for purposes of verb inflection. The noun itself doesn't go into the plural even when the subject is plural.


:'''''Lameteitutu.'''''
:'''''Laniteitutu.'''''
:la-me-teit-utu
:la-ni-teit-utu
:merely-INFERRED-child-COP.PRES.3PL
:merely-INFERRED-child-COP.PRES.3PL
:''In my opinion, they are mere children.''
:''In my opinion, they are mere children.''
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When the copula is added on nouns without an evidential, it emphasizes the noun or simply indicates the tense of an action (either past or non-past).
When the copula is added on nouns without an evidential, it emphasizes the noun or simply indicates the tense of an action (either past or non-past).


:'''''Metuumi bastaim.'''''
:'''''Nituumi bastaim.'''''
:me-tuu-mi bast-aim
:ni-tuu-mi bast-aim
:INFERRED-do-3SG.M.PFV king-COP.PST.3SG.M
:INFERRED-do-3SG.M.PFV king-COP.PST.3SG.M
:''It was apparently the king who did it.'' / ''The king apparently did it.''
:''It was apparently the king who did it.'' / ''The king apparently did it.''