Roshterian: Difference between revisions
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| '''f''' /f/ | | '''f''' /f/ | ||
| '''s''' /s̪/ | | '''s''' /s̪/ | ||
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| '''s̱''' /ʂ/ | | '''s̱''' /ʂ/ | ||
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;Notes | ;Notes | ||
*The voiceless stops /p t̪ ʈ k q/ are not aspirated. <!--normally aspirated to the same degree as Japanese voiceless stops; however, they are unaspirated after fricatives. --> | *The voiceless stops /p t̪ ʈ k q/ are not aspirated. <!--normally aspirated to the same degree as Japanese voiceless stops; however, they are unaspirated after fricatives. --> | ||
*/n̪ t̪ d̪ l̪ | */n̪ t̪ d̪ l̪/ are dental; /s̪/ is dentalized alveolar. (In this article /n̪ t̪ d̪ s̪ l̪/ will be transcribed /n t d s l/ for sake of convenience.) | ||
*[ŋ] and [ɴ] are allophones of /n̪/ before velar and uvular consonants, respectively. | *[ŋ] and [ɴ] are allophones of /n̪/ before velar and uvular consonants, respectively. | ||
*/ɾ/ can be an alveolar flap [ɾ], an apical retroflex flap [ɽ], or trilled [r]. | */ɾ/ can be an alveolar flap [ɾ], an apical retroflex flap [ɽ], or trilled [r]. | ||
*/ɳ ʈ ɖ ɭ | */ɳ ʈ ɖ ɭ/ can be realized as apical (like Hindi retroflexes) or subapical (like Tamil retroflexes). The apical realization dominates in casual speech, while the subapical realization occurs more in careful speech. After /ʂ/, /ʈ/ is always apical. | ||
*/ʂ/ is laminal post-alveolar [s̠] or sometimes [ɧ]. | */ʂ/ is laminal post-alveolar [s̠] or sometimes [ɧ]. | ||
*/ɻ/ can be post-alveolar [ɹ̠] or truly retroflex [ɻ]. | */ɻ/ can be post-alveolar [ɹ̠] or truly retroflex [ɻ]. | ||