Nga: Difference between revisions
Created page with "'''Nga''' is an artistic personal language of Suqi that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items. == Phonology == === Syllable Structure === Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. ''G'' stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead. === Vowel Harmony === N..." |
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'''Nga''' is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items. | '''Nga''' /ŋɑ/ is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items. | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
=== Syllable Structure === | === Syllable Structure === | ||
Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. | Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead. | ||
=== Vowel Harmony === | === Vowel Harmony === | ||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
=== Allophony === | === Allophony === | ||
/u/ becomes [ᵿ] before /i/ in across a syllable boundary. | |||
Geminated voiced plosives become instead prenasalized voiced plosives. | |||
== Grammar == | == Grammar == | ||
=== Syntax === | |||
The basic word order is VSO. | |||
=== Morphology === | |||
==== Tense ==== | |||
Past Tense: -''ltu'' | |||
Present Tense: -''khai'' | |||
Future Tense: -''myi'' | |||
Irrealis: Ø | |||
* Past Irrealis: ''oltu''- | |||
* Present Irrealis: ''okhai''- | |||
* Future Irrealis: ''omyi''- | |||
==== Subject Markers ==== | |||
There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object. | |||
Motile subject: ''-msu'' | |||
Present subject: -''ćto'' | |||
Identity subject: -''ńwai'' | |||
Potential subject: -''hći'' | |||
== Translations == | |||
== Lexicon == | == Lexicon == | ||
Words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier. | |||
=== Root Words === | |||
“” | |||
“alone” ''ku'' | |||
“big” ''pô'' | |||
“blank” ''mi'' | |||
“clean” ''ñe'' | |||
“come” ''ńi'' | |||
“cube, '''square'''” ''kei'' | |||
“down” ''vu'' | |||
“go” ''maa'' | |||
“hit” ''ñhoi'' | |||
“hold” ''mo'' | |||
“ice” ''će'' | |||
“ink” ''qui'' | |||
“land” | |||
“light” | |||
“lightning” | |||
“person” | |||
“plant” | |||
“sea” | |||
“small” | |||
“speak” | |||
“tall” | |||
“together” | |||
“wood” | |||
=== Compound Words === | |||
Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly. | |||
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language. | |||
“” | |||
Revision as of 16:21, 17 March 2026
Nga /ŋɑ/ is an artistic personal language of Suqi that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.
Phonology
Syllable Structure
Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead.
Vowel Harmony
Nga has regressive fronting harmony. Harmony spreads across entire words. Front vowels include /i y e ø ɔ ɑ yi̯ ei̯ øi̯ ɔi̯ ai̯/ and back vowels include /i u ɤ o ɔ ɑ ui̯ ɤi̯ oi̯ ɔi̯ ai̯/. There are two transparent vowels: /ɑ ai̯/, and three vowels that are transparent in medial and final syllables, but trigger harmony when in an initial syllable: /i ɔ ɔi̯/.
Allophony
/u/ becomes [ᵿ] before /i/ in across a syllable boundary.
Geminated voiced plosives become instead prenasalized voiced plosives.
Grammar
Syntax
The basic word order is VSO.
Morphology
Tense
Past Tense: -ltu Present Tense: -khai
Future Tense: -myi
Irrealis: Ø
- Past Irrealis: oltu-
- Present Irrealis: okhai-
- Future Irrealis: omyi-
Subject Markers
There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object.
Motile subject: -msu
Present subject: -ćto
Identity subject: -ńwai
Potential subject: -hći
Translations
Lexicon
Words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
Root Words
“”
“alone” ku
“big” pô
“blank” mi
“clean” ñe
“come” ńi
“cube, square” kei
“down” vu
“go” maa
“hit” ñhoi
“hold” mo
“ice” će
“ink” qui
“land”
“light”
“lightning”
“person”
“plant”
“sea”
“small”
“speak”
“tall”
“together”
“wood”
Compound Words
Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly.
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.
“”