Guimin/Test Case Sentences: Difference between revisions
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1. | 1. Ыг сӯъл тыътӏ локӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл тыътӏ локӏ. | ||
|sun do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining | ||
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun shines. | The sun shines. | ||
2. | 2. Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ. | ||
|sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun is shining. | The sun is shining. | ||
3. | 3. Ыг сӯъл ттытӏ локӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл ттытӏ локӏ. | ||
|sun do.PFV.PST.N.SG shining | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.PFV.PST.N.SG shining | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun shone. | The sun shone. | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
5. | 5. Гӯ сӯъл ита̄тӏ та̄тӏ локӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ сӯъл ита̄тӏ та̄тӏ локӏ. | ||
|sun do.IPFV.PST.N.SG do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} sun do.IPFV.PST.N.SG do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun has been shining. | The sun has been shining. | ||
6. | 6. Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ джэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ джэ̄. | ||
|sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining again | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining again | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun is shining again. | The sun is shining again. | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
8. | 8. Ыг сӯъл тыътӏ локӏ кӏвэтӏэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл тыътӏ локӏ кӏвэтӏ-э̄. | ||
|sun do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining bright-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining bright-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun shines brightly. | The sun shines brightly. | ||
9. | 9. Ыг сӯъл кӏвэтӏ тыътӏ локӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл кӏвэтӏ тыътӏ локӏ. | ||
|sun bright do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun bright do.PFV.PRES.N.SG shining | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The bright sun shines. | The bright sun shines. | ||
10. | 10. Ыг сӯъл иътӏыъндэ нӯъ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сӯъл иътӏ-ыъндэ нӯъ. | ||
|sun go.IPFV.NPST.N.SG-{{gcl|SUP|superessive}}.LAT now | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun go.IPFV.NPST.N.SG-{{gcl|SUP|superessive}}.LAT now | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The sun is rising now. | The sun is rising now. | ||
11. | 11. Ыг ынвис виъсэс каркар ыъкӏатӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг ын-вис виъс-эс каркар ыъкӏатӏ. | ||
|person.OBL-ERG.SG all-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} person.OBL-ERG.SG all-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
All the people shouted. | All the people shouted. | ||
12. | 12. Ыг ынвис кәм каркар ыъкӏатӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг ын-вис кәм каркар ыъкӏатӏ. | ||
|person.OBL-ERG.SG some shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} person.OBL-ERG.SG some shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Some of the people shouted. | Some of the people shouted. | ||
13. | 13. Гӯ ынвис биврэс каркар ыъкӏатӏ двә̄э̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ ын-вис бивр-эс каркар ыъкӏатӏ двә̄-э̄. | ||
|person.OBL-ERG.SG many-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG two-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} person.OBL-ERG.SG many-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PST.N.SG two-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Many of the people shouted twice. | Many of the people shouted twice. | ||
14. | 14. Гӯ ынвис муъцӏэс каркар ыъкӏтӏ ыъкӏтӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ ын-вис муъцӏ-эс каркар ыъкӏтӏ ыъкӏтӏ. | ||
|person.OBL-ERG.SG happy-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PRES.N.SG say.PFV.PRES.N.SG | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} person.OBL-ERG.SG happy-ERG.SG.M shout say.PFV.PRES.N.SG say.PFV.PRES.N.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Happy people often shout. | Happy people often shout. | ||
15. | 15. Ыг катыргуъс ләйктӏ сәнтӏытӏыъндэ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг кат-рг-уъс ләйктӏ сәнтӏытӏ-ыъндэ. | ||
|cat-DIM-ERG.SG jump go.PFV.PRES.F.SG-{{gcl|SUP|superessive}}.LAT | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} cat-DIM-ERG.SG jump go.PFV.PRES.F.SG-{{gcl|SUP|superessive}}.LAT | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The kitten jumped up. | The kitten jumped up. | ||
16. | 16. Ыг катыргуъс ләйктӏ пӏәшшӯрдэ сәнтӏытӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг кат-рг-уъс ләйктӏ пӏәшшӯр-дэ сәнтӏытӏ. | ||
|cat-DIM-ERG.SG jump table-LAT go.PFV.PRES.F.SG | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} cat-DIM-ERG.SG jump table-LAT go.PFV.PRES.F.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The kitten jumped onto the table. | The kitten jumped onto the table. | ||
17. | 17. Ыг катырг бырэдж митиъ синтӏытӏәд. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг кат-рг бырэдж митиъ синтӏытӏ-әд. | ||
|cat-DIM small 1SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} go.PFV.PST.F.SG-ABL | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} cat-DIM small 1SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} go.PFV.PST.F.SG-ABL | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
My little kitten walked away. | My little kitten walked away. | ||
18. | 18. Ыг ыб къӏэцӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг ыб къӏэцӏ. | ||
|rain.ABS happen.IPFV.NPST.M.SG | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} rain.ABS happen.IPFV.NPST.M.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
It's raining. | It's raining. | ||
19. | 19. Гӯ ыб ӣтӏуъпӏтӏэ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ ыб ӣтӏ-уъпӏтӏэ. | ||
|rain.ABS go.PFV.PST.M.SG-SUB.LAT | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} rain.ABS go.PFV.PST.M.SG-SUB.LAT | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The rain came down. | The rain came down. | ||
20. | 20. Ыг катыргуъс ыбринэ тэ̄нтӏ мо̄н. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг кат-рг-уъс ыбр-инэ тэ̄нтӏ мо̄н. | ||
|cat-DIM-ERG.SG rain.OBL-{{gcl|IN|inessive}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.SG fun | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} cat-DIM-ERG.SG rain.OBL-{{gcl|IN|inessive}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.SG fun | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The kitten is playing in the rain. | The kitten is playing in the rain. | ||
21. | 21. Ыг ыб чӏигьтӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг ыб чӏигьтӏ. | ||
|rain.ABS stop.PFV.PRES.M.SG | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} rain.ABS stop.PFV.PRES.M.SG | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The rain has stopped. | The rain has stopped. | ||
| Line 183: | Line 183: | ||
24. | 24. Гы̄ гӯъсәрыс эгайә̄с тӏыънтӏ сәэ эвэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ гӯъ-сәрыс эга-йә̄с тӏыънтӏ сә-э эв-э̄. | ||
|animal-SG.ABS wild-SG.ABS.N stand.PFV.PST.N.SG DEM-LOC one-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} animal-SG.ABS wild-SG.ABS.N stand.PFV.PST.N.SG DEM-LOC one-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Once wild animals lived here. | Once wild animals lived here. | ||
25. | 25. Ыг сэ̄ дәркӏытӏгьэигъ дәндәлэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг сэ̄ дәркӏытӏ-гьэ-игъ дәндәл-э̄. | ||
|3SG.F.ABS see.PFV.PST.F.SG-{{gcl|VALINC|valency increaser}}-TRANSL slow-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} 3SG.F.ABS see.PFV.PST.F.SG-{{gcl|VALINC|valency increaser}}-TRANSL slow-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Slowly she looked around. | Slowly she looked around. | ||
| Line 239: | Line 239: | ||
31. | 31.Ыг тӏопӏ гӣнттитиъ әдӣтӏ гъур. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг тӏопӏ гӣнтт-итиъ әд-ӣтӏ гъур. | ||
|ball baby-SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} ABL-go.PRF.N.SG rolling | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} ball baby-SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} ABL-go.PRF.N.SG rolling | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The baby's ball has rolled away. | The baby's ball has rolled away. | ||
32. | 32. Ыг двә̄ пӏуъкьӏэс вирг тынэнтӏ буъцэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг двә̄ пӏуъкьӏ-эс вирг тынэнтӏ буъц-э̄. | ||
|two boy-PL.ERG work do.IPFV.NPST.N.PL together-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} two boy-PL.ERG work do.IPFV.NPST.N.PL together-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The two boys are working together. | The two boys are working together. | ||
33. | 33. Гӯ сә муъкь әдсәнтӏитӏиъ якъӣн. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ сә муъкь әд-сәнтӏитӏиъ якъӣн. | ||
|DEM mist ABL-go.PFV.FUT.F.SG probably | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} DEM mist ABL-go.PFV.FUT.F.SG probably | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
This mist will probably clear away. | This mist will probably clear away. | ||
34. | 34. Ыг бо̄шшәм винә̄с виъсмэ акӏинтӏ. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг бо̄шш-әм вин-ә̄с виъс-м-э акӏинтӏ. | ||
|flower-PL.ABS lovely-PL.ABS.N every-NZ-LOC grow.IPFV.NPST.N.PL | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} flower-PL.ABS lovely-PL.ABS.N every-NZ-LOC grow.IPFV.NPST.N.PL | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Lovely flowers are growing everywhere. | Lovely flowers are growing everywhere. | ||
| Line 295: | Line 295: | ||
38. | 38. Ыг э̄кӏалл пӏырәппыъ тӏыътӏ хин нигьэмэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг э̄кӏалл пӏырәппыъ тӏыътӏ хин нигьэм-э̄. | ||
|palace excellent stand.PFV.PRES.N.SG {{gcl|INT|intensive}} opposite-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} palace excellent stand.PFV.PRES.N.SG {{gcl|INT|intensive}} opposite-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Directly opposite stands a wonderful palace. | Directly opposite stands a wonderful palace. | ||
39. | 39. Ыг кӏунсы Йәъгья̄ис корәсы. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
|Ыг | |Ыг кӏун-сы Йәъгья̄-ис кор-әсы. | ||
|WIT dog.ERG-EQ Henry-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG lost-EQ.M | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} dog.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} Henry-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG lost-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
Yahya's dog is lost. | Yahya's dog is lost. | ||
40. | 40. Ыг катуъсы мәс энтәсы. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ыг кат-уъсы мәс энт-әсы. | ||
| | |{{gcl|WIT|witness}} cat-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 1SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} black-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
My cat is black. | My cat is black. | ||
41. | 41. Гӯ витӯъргсы кывыргәш бингэ̄сы. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ витӯърг-сы кыв-ырг-әш бинг-э̄сы. | ||
| | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} doll-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} girl-DIM-{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}}.SG broken-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The little girl's doll is broken. | The little girl's doll is broken. | ||
42. | 42. Ик суъп ситтӏ римтӏ ниво̄ккӏэ̄. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ик суъп ситтӏ римтӏ ниво̄ккӏ-э̄. | ||
| | |1SG.ERG sleep.ABS lie.IPFV.NPST.M.SG lie.PFV.PRES.M.SG quiet-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
I usually sleep soundly. | I usually sleep soundly. | ||
43. | 43. Гӯ тӏыъкӏыс Сурэндэ сытӏнинтӏ иъшш. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Гӯ тӏыъкӏ-ыс Сурэн-дэ сытӏнинтӏ иъшш. | ||
| | |{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} child-ABS.PL Jack-LAT go.PFV.PST.N.PL run | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
The children ran after Jack. | The children ran after Jack. | ||
44. | 44. Ми мэкӏтӏэбппӏәд тӣтӏиъыъ мо̄н. | ||
{{interlinear | {{interlinear | ||
| | |Ми мэкӏтӏэб-ппӏәд тӣтӏиъ-ыъ мо̄н. | ||
| | |1SG.ABS school-POST.ABL do.PFV.FUT.M.SG fun | ||
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}} | ||
I can play after school. | I can play after school. | ||