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| * The letter <’>, representing the glottal stop (ʔ), is left out, as it often disappears in the spoken language. Alternatively, it could be expressed by the letter <Xx>. | | * The letter <’>, representing the glottal stop (ʔ), is left out, as it often disappears in the spoken language. Alternatively, it could be expressed by the letter <Xx>. |
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| * Short and long vowels, if relevantly stressed, gain an accute (<´>) and circumflex accent (<^>) respectively. If unstressed, only the long vowels are marked by | | * The letters <Jj> and <Ww> are exclusively used in derivation particles. |
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| The characters used in the alphabetic orthography are given below.
| | * Short and long vowels, if relevantly stressed, gain an accute (<V́>) and circumflex accent (<V̂>) respectively. If unstressed, only the long vowels are marked by macrons (<V̄>). |
| */i/ without relevant stress is written ''i''
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| */a/ without relevant stress is written ''a''
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| */u/ without relevant stress is written ''u''
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| */i/ with relevant stress is written ''í''
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| */a/ with relevant stress is written ''á''
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| */u/ with relevant stress is written ''ú''
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| */iː/ without relevant stress is written ''ī''
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| */aː/ without relevant stress is written ''ā''
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| */uː/ without relevant stress is written ''ū''
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| */iː/ with relevant stress is written ''î''
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| */aː/ with relevant stress is written ''â''
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| */uː/ with relevant stress is written ''û''
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| */e/ without relevant stress is written ''e''
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| */ɨ/~/ʉ/ without relevant stress is written ''y''
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| */o/ without relevant stress is written ''o''
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| */e/ with relevant stress is written ''é''
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| */ɨ/~/ʉ/ with relevant stress is written ''ý''
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| */o/ with relevant stress is written ''ó''
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| */eː/ without relevant stress is written ''ē''
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| */ɨː/~/ʉː/ without relevant stress is written ''ȳ''
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| */oː/ without relevant stress is written ''ō''
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| */eː/ with relevant stress is written ''ê''
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| */ɨː/~/ʉː/ with relevant stress is written ''ŷ''
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| */oː/ with relevant stress is written ''ô''
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| */k/ is written ''k''
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| */g/ is written ''g''
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| */p/ is written ''p''
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| */b/ is written ''b''
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| */t/ is written ''t''
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| */d/ is written ''d''
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| */kˀ/ is written ''k’''
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| */gˀ/ is written ''g’''
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| */pˀ/ is written ''p’''
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| */bˀ/ is written ''b’''
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| */tˀ/ is written ''t’''
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| */dˀ/ is written ''d’''
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| */h/ is written ''h''
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| */ɦ/ is written ''q''
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| */n̥/ is written ''n''
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| */m/ is written ''m''
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| */l̥/ is written ''l''
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| */r/ is written ''r''
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| */s/ is written ''s''
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| */z/ is written ''z''
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| */f/ is written ''f''
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| */v/ is written ''v''
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| */t͡s/ is written ''c''
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| */ʔ/ is written ''’''
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| | * In diphthongs, the second element bears the diacritical mark. |
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| | ===Samples=== |
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| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
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| | F | | | F |
| |} | | |} |
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| { āu āū aū } > aū
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| ==Morphology== | | ==Morphology== |