User:Chrysophylax/Golden Afroasiatic: Difference between revisions

Line 2:

“ergative” system - distinction between agent case and predicate case

“ergative” system - distinction between agent case (''casus agens'' )nom-instr.-loc)) and predicate case (''casus patiens'' (predicative, accusative))

possibly even deeper links to Bantu family? (common causative affix -s-, reciprocal verb suffix, m- prefix and some other funky stuff. etc.)

stative/perfective/imperfective?

Line 11:

Line 14:

dep. -i | could it be originally enclitic ʔǐn??

t- feminine/diminutive/singulative morpheme (cf. semantic development of IE -h₂ from a collective/marker/derivative noun -> feminine)

Cushitic preserves verbal aspects, “ergative” and “non-active”, has causative, passive, reflexive stems; this matches quite well with semitic (''s-'', ''-t-'', radical doubling)

North Cushitic: {{sc|ipfv}} adabbīl, {{sc|pret}} adbíl, {{sc|volitive-jussive-conditional?}} īdbil

Berber preserves ergative-ish features better: casus agens vs. casus patients. ''Agens'' is prefixed with ''u-'', ''a-'' is prefixed to ''patiens'', has stative, imperative and jussive (used in subordinate clauses. cf. North Cushitic conditional used in negative clauses).

Vowel lengthening characterizes intensive stem in Tuareg like some(?which?) Semitic and Cushitic languages.

Lipiński gives for Tuareg

<poem>

intensive stem formation: -lkām-; -lākkəm-; 'follow' (√-lkəm-)

causative: -sərtək-, 'fell'

reflexive-reciprocal: -'''m'''ətrəg- 'be freed'

frequentive: -'''t'''əffəg̊- 'go often out'

agentless passive: -'''ttwaddəz-, 'be crushed' which apparently parallels an Egyptian pseudo-passive (?)

</poem>

Chadic: shares feminine prefix t- (cf. Berber ta-mazig), apparently one way it forms noun plurals is with suffix -n and -a- insertion. shares intensive/pluriactional verb with radical doubling (Cf. Sem+Cushitic).

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
-“ergative” system - distinction between agent case and predicate case
+“ergative” system - distinction between agent case (''casus agens'' )nom-instr.-loc)) and predicate case (''casus patiens'' (predicative, accusative))
+possibly even deeper links to Bantu family? (common causative affix -s-, reciprocal verb suffix, m- prefix and some other funky stuff. etc.)
 stative/perfective/imperfective?
@@ Line 11: / Line 14: @@
 dep. -i | could it be originally enclitic ʔǐn??
+t- feminine/diminutive/singulative morpheme (cf. semantic development of IE -h₂ from a collective/marker/derivative noun -> feminine)
+Cushitic preserves verbal aspects, “ergative” and “non-active”, has causative, passive, reflexive stems; this matches quite well with semitic (''s-'', ''-t-'', radical doubling)
+North Cushitic: {{sc|ipfv}} adabbīl, {{sc|pret}} adbíl, {{sc|volitive-jussive-conditional?}} īdbil
+Berber preserves ergative-ish features better: casus agens vs. casus patients. ''Agens'' is prefixed with ''u-'', ''a-'' is prefixed to ''patiens'', has stative, imperative and jussive (used in subordinate clauses. cf. North Cushitic conditional used in negative clauses).
+Vowel lengthening characterizes intensive stem in Tuareg like some(?which?) Semitic and Cushitic languages.
+Lipiński gives for Tuareg
+<poem>
+intensive stem formation: -lkām-; -lākkəm-; 'follow' (√-lkəm-)
+causative: -sərtək-, 'fell'
+reflexive-reciprocal: -'''m'''ətrəg- 'be freed'
+frequentive: -'''t'''əffəg̊- 'go often out'
+agentless passive: -'''ttwaddəz-, 'be crushed' which apparently parallels an Egyptian pseudo-passive (?)
+</poem>
+Chadic: shares feminine prefix t- (cf. Berber ta-mazig), apparently one way it forms noun plurals is with suffix -n and -a- insertion. shares intensive/pluriactional verb with radical doubling (Cf. Sem+Cushitic).