Verse:Irta/Modern Hebrew: Difference between revisions
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The standard variety today is an artificial compromise accent between Irta Yevani Hebrew and Tsarfati Hebrew, with an Ăn Yidiș-influenced accent and grammar; it does not merge patach and qamatz gadol unlike Irta Yevani Hebrew. Formal Hebrew is less of an Ăn Yidiș relex, and recent spoken Hebrew's more of an English relex and is becoming closer to Cualand Hebrew or our Israeli Hebrew. | The standard variety today is an artificial compromise accent between Irta Yevani Hebrew and Tsarfati Hebrew, with an Ăn Yidiș-influenced accent and grammar; it does not merge patach and qamatz gadol unlike Irta Yevani Hebrew. Formal Hebrew is less of an Ăn Yidiș relex, and recent spoken Hebrew's more of an English relex and is becoming closer to Cualand Hebrew or our Israeli Hebrew. | ||
== Phonology == | |||
* Consonants: /ʔ b v g ɣ d ð h w z ħ tˁ j k x l m n s ʕ p f sˁ q r ʃ t θ/ = [(ʔ) b~p⁼ v g~k⁼ ɣ~ʁ d̪~t̪⁼~ð d̪~t̪⁼~ð h v z̪ x~χ t̪ʰ~θ j kʰ x~χ l m n s̪ (ʔ) pʰ f t̪s̪{{asp}} kʰ ɻ~ɹˠ ʃ t̪ʰ~θ t̪ʰ~θ] | * Consonants: /ʔ b v g ɣ d ð h w z ħ tˁ j k x l m n s ʕ p f sˁ q r ʃ t θ/ = [(ʔ) b~p⁼ v g~k⁼ ɣ~ʁ d̪~t̪⁼~ð d̪~t̪⁼~ð h v z̪ x~χ t̪ʰ~θ j kʰ x~χ l m n s̪ (ʔ) pʰ f t̪s̪{{asp}} kʰ ɻ~ɹˠ ʃ t̪ʰ~θ t̪ʰ~θ] | ||
* Vowels: /i e ɛ a QG QQ o u (shva na) ḤP ḤS ḤQ/ = [i e̞ e̞ æ~a ɑ~ɒ~ʌ o̞ o̞ u Ø~e̞ æ e̞ o̞] | * Vowels: /i e ɛ a QG QQ o u (shva na) ḤP ḤS ḤQ/ = [i e̞ e̞ æ~a ɑ~ɒ~ʌ o̞ o̞ u Ø~e̞ æ e̞ o̞] | ||
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* Irta Modern Hebrew pronounces he mappiq (final /h/) and doesn't have the /-ɑh/ > /-hɑ/ metathesis like our Israeli Hebrew. | * Irta Modern Hebrew pronounces he mappiq (final /h/) and doesn't have the /-ɑh/ > /-hɑ/ metathesis like our Israeli Hebrew. | ||
* Intonation is similar to our Cork Irish | * Intonation is similar to our Cork Irish | ||
== Syntax == | |||
Grammatically, it is SVO like our Israeli Hebrew, but sometimes prefers Ăn Yidiș syntax, e.g. | Grammatically, it is SVO like our Israeli Hebrew, but sometimes prefers Ăn Yidiș syntax, e.g. | ||
* much more willing to use אין for negation in the present tense; (איני, אינך in non-3rd person, אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). /(ze) lo æ'ni/ is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני /en æ'ni/ in non 3rd person are solemn. | * much more willing to use אין for negation in the present tense; (איני, אינך in non-3rd person, אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). /(ze) lo æ'ni/ is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני /en æ'ni/ in non 3rd person are solemn. | ||
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* ani "I" is sometimes pronounced [ɪni]; this is a regionalism and is rare nowadays | * ani "I" is sometimes pronounced [ɪni]; this is a regionalism and is rare nowadays | ||
* As in Goidelic, the relativizer and the complementizer are consistently distinguished (unlike in Mishnaic Hebrew); ש is always a relativizer | * As in Goidelic, the relativizer and the complementizer are consistently distinguished (unlike in Mishnaic Hebrew); ש is always a relativizer | ||
== Names == | |||
Names in non-Hebrew Jewish languages written in the Hebrew alphabet, such as [[Ăn Yidiș]], are usually spelled as in the original language. | Names in non-Hebrew Jewish languages written in the Hebrew alphabet, such as [[Ăn Yidiș]], are usually spelled as in the original language. | ||
== Vocabulary == | |||
* /kʰæðeɹex/ = 'directly', matched to Irish ''díreach'' | * /kʰæðeɹex/ = 'directly', matched to Irish ''díreach'' | ||
* Ireland = אירין /e'ɹin/ | * Ireland = אירין /e'ɹin/ | ||