Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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* The nominative is used the most often, including as prepositional objects; the Old Irish accusative and prepositional cases are lost.

* The inherited genitive is only used to mark definite objects of verbs, similarly to Hebrew ''et'', and almost never possessors. The genitive is no longer productive in head-initial compounds.

* The inherited vocative survives only for ''Zie'' 'God', and the vocative form is used only when some element comes before it: '''''oy''' Zhey!'' /oj ˈjej/ 'O God', ''(oy) '''mă-'''Zhey!'' '(fixed expression) oh my God'. To call family members, forms such as ''mă-~~mhoŗ~~!'' 'my mother!' are used.

* The inherited vocative survives only for ''Zie'' 'God', and the vocative form is used only when some element comes before it: אוי זֿעי '''''oy''' Zhey!'' /oj ˈjej/ 'O God', מא-זֿעי ''(oy) '''mă-'''Zhey!'' '(fixed expression) oh my God'. To call family members, forms such as מא-מֿאָר ''mă-mhor!'' 'my mother!' are used.

** The vocative particle ''oy'' always lenites, however, unless the following noun is an inalienably possessed noun. (It's a contraction of the Hebrew particle ''oy'' + the Gaelic vocTive particle *a (+lenition).)

** The vocative particle אוי ''oy'' always lenites, however, unless the following noun is an inalienably possessed noun. (It's a contraction of the Hebrew particle ''oy'' + the Gaelic vocTive particle *a (+lenition).)

Possession is expressed with the construction ''ăn X ăģ Y'' (lit. the X at Y), for example אן כּאַתּ אַק׳ מא־מֿאַכּ ''ăn cat ăģ mă-mhac'' 'my son's cat'.

@@ Line 480: / Line 480: @@
 * The nominative is used the most often, including as prepositional objects; the Old Irish accusative and prepositional cases are lost.
 * The inherited genitive is only used to mark definite objects of verbs, similarly to Hebrew ''et'', and almost never possessors. The genitive is no longer productive in head-initial compounds.
-* The inherited vocative survives only for ''Zie'' 'God', and the vocative form is used only when some element comes before it: '''''oy''' Zhey!'' /oj ˈjej/ 'O God', ''(oy) '''mă-'''Zhey!'' '(fixed expression) oh my God'. To call family members, forms such as ''mă-mhoŗ!'' 'my mother!' are used.
+* The inherited vocative survives only for ''Zie'' 'God', and the vocative form is used only when some element comes before it: אוי ז&#1471;עי '''''oy''' Zhey!'' /oj ˈjej/ 'O God', מא-ז&#1471;עי ''(oy) '''mă-'''Zhey!'' '(fixed expression) oh my God'. To call family members, forms such as מא-מ&#1471;אָר ''mă-mhor!'' 'my mother!' are used.
-** The vocative particle ''oy'' always lenites, however, unless the following noun is an inalienably possessed noun. (It's a contraction of the Hebrew particle ''oy'' + the Gaelic vocTive particle *a (+lenition).)
+** The vocative particle אוי ''oy'' always lenites, however, unless the following noun is an inalienably possessed noun. (It's a contraction of the Hebrew particle ''oy'' + the Gaelic vocTive particle *a (+lenition).)
 Possession is expressed with the construction ''ăn X ăģ Y'' (lit. the X at Y), for example אן כּאַתּ אַק׳ מא־מֿאַכּ ''ăn cat ăģ mă-mhac'' 'my son's cat'.