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Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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| ===Intonation=== | | ===Intonation=== |
| Similar to Danish or Hiberno-English | | Similar to Danish or Hiberno-English |
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| ==American phonology==
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| ===Consonants===
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| → PoA<br/>↓ Manner!! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"|Nasal
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| | '''m''' /m/
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| | '''n''' /n/
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| | '''ṅ, ni''' /ɲ/
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| | '''ng''' /ŋ:/
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Plosive
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | '''b''' /b/
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| | '''d''' /d/
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| | ('''dġ''' /dʐ/)
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| | '''ḋ, di''' /dʑ/
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| | '''g''' /g/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiceless</small>
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| | '''p''' /p/
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| | '''t''' /t/
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| | '''ċ''' /tʂ/
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| | '''ṫ, ti''' /tɕ/
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| | '''c''' /k/
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Spirant
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| !<small>unvoiced</small>
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| | '''f, ph''' /f/
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| | '''th''' /θ/
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| | '''ch, (h)''' /h/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | '''w, (v)''' /w/
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| | '''ð''' /ð/
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| | [ɣ]
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| !rowspan="2"|Non-spirant
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| !<small>unvoiced</small>
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| | '''s''' /s/
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| | '''ṡ''' /ʂ/ || '''sċ''' /ɕː/ || ||
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | '''z''' /z/ || '''ġ, zġ''' /ʐ/ || || ||
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Resonant
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| | '''-g, -l''' /w/
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| | '''l''' /ɫ~l/
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| | '''r''' /ɾ/
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| | '''j, -i, -g''' ''etc.'' /j/
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| |}
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| Homorganic nasals before consonants become nasal vowels.
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| *Orthographic voiceless stops are about as aspirated as Japanese voiceless stops.
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| */θ ð/ = [f v], [t d] or [s z] is a characteristic of working-class accents.
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| *The /l/ in unstressed /li/ tends to be dropped when after a stressed vowel: ''byli'' 'they were' /'pɪ.i~pɪj/.
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| ===Vowels===
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| a(S)/ả(L) e(S)/ẻ(L) i(S)/ỉ(L)/y(S)/ỷ(L)/ỵ(L) o(S)/ỏ(L) u(S)/ủ(L) ơ(S)/ở(L) ea(S)/ê(L)/iê(L) ô uê(L) eu/eo/ẻo ỉo = (unreduced) /a ɛ i ɔ u œ e o ø ɛw iw ɛj œj/
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| Note: S and L = short and long for the purpose of assigning syllable weights for stress
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| ====Vowel reduction====
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| Vowels are reduced in unstressed syllables.
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| */a/ reduces to /ə/
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| */ɛ e ɪ/ reduces to /ɪ/ and keep their (non-)palatalizing property
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| */ɔ o/ reduces to /ʊ/
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| */œ ø ʊ/ reduces to /ʏ/
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| */ɛɪ/ reduces to /i/
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| ===Pleophony===
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| Pleophony holds exactly as in British Albionian; pleophony is applied ''after'' stress is assigned using the weight rule.
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| ===Stress===
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| American Albionian stress follows a Dreimorengesetz:
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| *last long syllable (CV: or CVC) among the last 3 syllables is stressed; final consonants are ignored.
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| *if there's no long syllable in the last 3 syllables then penult stress
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| Long syllable means long vowel OR closed.
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| ===Intonation===
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| Similar to Brazilian Portuguese: rising in stressed syllables
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| ==Church Albionian phonology== | | ==Church Albionian phonology== |