Nankôre: Difference between revisions

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The Inverse marker ''ta'-'' indicates a lower animate NP is the Agent acting on a higher animate NP whose role is that of Patient. The marker occurs in two locations: as a clitic to the first verb of the VP, and as a bound prefix to the copula ''itá'''.

The Inverse marker ''ta'-'' indicates a lower animate NP is the Agent acting on a higher animate NP whose role is that of Patient. The marker occurs in two locations: as a clitic to the first verb of the VP, and as a bound prefix to the copula ''itá''':

{{Gloss

|phrase = rompóy kurasno <u>ta</u>rayrokor tānintá'.

| IPA = /romp'oɪ ku'raʃno ta'raɪrokor 'ta:nɪntáʔ/

| morphemes = rompóy kurasno ta=rayro=kor tā-ni-n-itá-ʔ

| gloss = dog.LA girl.HA INV=play-HEAR INV.LS-PST-HP-COP-LS

| translation = I heard that the dog played with the girls recently.

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Number is marked on both core arguments: for transitive clauses, singular HA arguments are null-marked, and LA arguments are marked with the suffix ''-ʔ''. For plurality, plural HA arguments are marked with a prefixed or infixed ''-n-'', while the LA argument is marked with the suffix ''-n'' for plurality. Additionally, the vowel of the Inverse marker lengthens when the LA argument is plural; for example, the singular LA argument of the present tense copula is ''ta'ita<nowiki>'</nowiki>'', whereas the plural form of the verb is ''t<u>ā</u>'inta'''. The Hodiernal tense is an exception: the vowel of the Inverse marker neither undergoes vowel lengthening, nor does it receive compensatory stress; the form *''tāhô'intá<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' is ungrammatical, the form ''tahô'intá<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' instead. This is presumably because the vowel of the tense marker, ''-ô-'', suppresses lengthening of a preceding vowel according to Nankôre phonological rules, thus moving the stress rightward.

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-The Inverse marker ''ta'-'' indicates a lower animate NP is the Agent acting on a higher animate NP whose role is that of Patient.  The marker occurs in two locations: as a clitic to the first verb of the VP, and as a bound prefix to the copula ''itá'''.
+The Inverse marker ''ta'-'' indicates a lower animate NP is the Agent acting on a higher animate NP whose role is that of Patient.  The marker occurs in two locations: as a clitic to the first verb of the VP, and as a bound prefix to the copula ''itá''':
+{{Gloss
+|phrase = rompóy kurasno <u>ta</u>rayrokor tānintá'.
+| IPA = /romp'oɪ ku'raʃno ta'raɪrokor 'ta:nɪntáʔ/
+| morphemes = rompóy kurasno ta=rayro=kor tā-ni-n-itá-ʔ
+| gloss = dog.LA girl.HA INV=play-HEAR INV.LS-PST-HP-COP-LS
+| translation = I heard that the dog played with the girls recently.
+}}
 Number is marked on both core arguments: for transitive clauses, singular HA arguments are null-marked, and LA arguments are marked with the suffix ''-ʔ''.  For plurality, plural HA arguments are marked with a prefixed or infixed ''-n-'', while the LA argument is marked with the suffix ''-n'' for plurality.  Additionally, the vowel of the Inverse marker lengthens when the LA argument is plural; for example, the singular LA argument of the present tense copula is ''ta'ita<nowiki>'</nowiki>'', whereas the plural form of the verb is ''t<u>ā</u>'inta'''.  The Hodiernal tense is an exception: the vowel of the Inverse marker neither undergoes vowel lengthening, nor does it receive compensatory stress; the form *''tāhô'intá<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' is ungrammatical, the form ''tahô'intá<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' instead.  This is presumably because the vowel of the tense marker, ''-ô-'', suppresses lengthening of a preceding vowel according to Nankôre phonological rules, thus moving the stress rightward.