User:Praimhín/Condialects: Difference between revisions

(108 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)

Line 1:

'~~'Ancient Tzaloxian'' (''Fiüssu Iaini'' natively; ''huēziz tzaloxiniz'' in Naquian) is one of the two main languages of the Naquian civilization in [[Tricin]].~~

==Irish reading tradition for an Indic language==

-h's interpreted as lenition

retroflexes are ignored but Th and Dh become dental fricatives

~~==Introduction==~~

should be for a middle Prakrit (a liturgical form of Sauraseni)

~~==Classification==~~

~~==Mythology==~~

==~~Phonology==~~

==Jamaican/Finnish Latin==

~~===Orthography===~~

~~===Consonants=~~==

~~Tzaloxian has a simple consonant inventory~~ with ~~only 12 consonants:~~

*Ecclesiastical Latin ti -> tsi gone wild: in this dialect it becomes si

**Reflexive pronouns disappear (since tibi and sibi merge)

*ē, ō -> ie, uo (the opposite of Romance languages)

**could create interesting false friends with Romance languages like "bacon"/"beer can"

*the stops ''p t c q h'', pronounced /p t ts k ʔ/

==Tonal Latin==

*the nasals ''m n ŋ'', pronounced as in IPA

*the fricatives ''f s ħ'', pronounced /f s x~ħ~h/

*the liquid ''l'', which is /ɾ/ when single and /l:/ when geminated

~~''F'' before ''i'' is commonly pronounced ''ç''.~~

*louksnā -> lū̀ˀna

==~~=Vowels=~~==

==Traditional English pronunciation of Sanskrit==

Idea: "What if Sanskrit had a reading tradition from Medieval England"

~~Tzaloxian has 45 different vowels, perhaps the most of any major Trician language. There are:~~

*"Cerebrals" merge with dentals as in southeast Asian languages

* ~~the simple vowels ''a i u'' /ɐ ɪ ʊ/~~

*Word-final nasal -ṃ merges with -m as in the traditional reading of Latin

* the ~~double vowels ''aa ai au ia ii iu ua ui uu'' /a:~ar: ɛi ɔu ɪɛ i: ɪʊ ʊɔ ʏɪ u:~y:/~~

*Miraculously final -aḥ and -o merge into /-oʊ/, the former is an independent development from Prakrit languages -- it comes from the usual assimilation of "silent gh"

* ~~the triple vowels ''aä iï uü äa ïi üu''~~ /~~ɐɑ: ɨi: ɨu: ɒ:ə i:e u:o~~/

* the ~~overlong diphthongs ''äi aï äu aü ïa iä ïu iü üa uä üi uï'' /ɑ:ɪ əi: ɑ:ʊ əu: ijə~iʝ:ə jɑ: ijo~iʝ:o ju: uwə~uɣʷ:ə wɑ: uwe~uɣʷ:e wi:/~~

* the tripthongs ''aia aiu aua aui iai iau iua iui uai uia uau uiu'' /ɛjə~ɛʝ:ə ɛjʏ~ɛʝ:ʏ ɔwə~ɔɣʷ:ə ɔwɪ~ɔɣʷ:ɪ jɛɪ jɔʊ~jœʏ jʊə~ʏ:ə jʏi~jʏ:~ʏ: wɛɪ wɪə wɔʊ wɪw~wɯ:~ʷɯ:/

===~~Prosody===~~

===Rigveda===

~~====Stress====~~

~~====Intonation=~~===

===~~Phonotactics~~===

/ægnɪmaɪli pəroʊhitəm jædʒnəsjə diwəm əɹtwɪdʒəm hoʊteɪɹəm ɹætnəðeɪtəməm/

~~~~

== Arabic ==

~~===Morphophonology===~~

=== "Culturally Indian Arabic" ===

~~==Morphology==~~

q k g {{gh}} {{ng}}

~~~~

ts{{phar}} t{{sh}} j {{ž}} nj

t{{phar}} t d ð n

p{{phar}} f b b m

y r l w š s{{phar}} s h

~~<!-- Here are some example subcategories:~~

Skt CiCāCa gets borrowed as Stem III

~~Nouns~~

=== Non-Persianized Indian reading tradition ===

~~Adjectives~~

2 b Th t j h(phar) kh(emph) D d r z~jh s š s(emph) d(emph) t(emph) d(emph) 2(phar) gh(emph) f k(emph) kh l m n h v y

~~Verbs~~

~~Adverbs~~

~~Particles~~

~~Derivational morphology~~

~~-->~~

# [besmeˈl{{den}}:a:he r:ɐh{{phar}}ˈma:n{{den}}e r:ɐˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]

# [ʔəl{{den}} ˈh{{phar}}ɐmɖo l{{den}}eˈl{{den}}:a:he ˈrəb:el{{den}} ʔ{{phar}}a:l{{den}}əˈmi:n{{den}}]

# [ʔər:ɑh{{phar}}ˈma:n{{den}}e r:ɐˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]

# [ˈma:l{{den}}ekʰe ˈjəwme ˈɖ:i:n{{den}}]

# [ʔi:ˈja:kʰə ˈn{{den}}ɐʔ{{phar}}boɖo ʋə ˈʔi:ˈja:kʰə n{{den}}əʂʈʰɐˈʔ{{phar}}ɐi:n{{den}}]

# [ˈʔehɖen{{den}}a: s{{uvu}}:ɛˈra:t{{den}}{{uvu}}ʌl{{den}} moʂʈʰəˈqi:m]

# [s{{uvu}}ɛˈra:t{{den}}{{uvu}}ə l{{den}}:əˈd{{den}}i:n{{den}}ə ʔən{{den}}ˈʔ{{phar}}ɐmʈʰə ʔ{{phar}}ɐˈl{{den}}əjhem ˈgʰəjrel{{den}} məgʰˈz{{uvu}}u:be ʔ{{phar}}ɐˈləjhem ʋəl{{den}}a: ˈd{{den}}{{uvu}}:ɑ:l{{den}}:i:n{{den}}]

==~~Syntax~~==

=== Irish reading of Arabic ===

~~===Constituent order===~~

{{aleph}}+ b+ t+~θ+ t+~θ+ d{{ž}}+ h{{phar}} x d+ d+ r{{vel}} z+ s+ {{sh}}+ s{{vel}} z{{vel}} d{{vel}} z{{vel}} {{aleph}}{{phar}} {{gh}} f+ g c+ l+ m+ n+ h+ v+ j+

~~===Noun phrase===~~

~~===Verb phrase===~~

~~===Sentence phrase===~~

~~===Dependent clauses~~===

~~~~

=~~=Example texts==~~

(+ = causes following a u ā ū to become ɛ ʊ̈ e:~æ: ü:)

~~==Other resources==~~

~~~~

~~~~

# [bɪsmɪˈl:ɛ:hɪ r{{vel}}:ɑh{{phar}}ˈmɛ:nɪ r:{{vel}}:ɑˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]

# [ʔəl ˈh{{phar}}ɑmdʊ̈ lɪl:ˈlɛ:hɪ ˈr{{vel}}ɑb:ɪl ʔ{{phar}}a:ləˈmi:n]

# [ʔər{{vel}}:ɑh{{phar}}ˈmɛ:nɪ r:{{vel}}:ɑˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]

[[~~Category~~:{{~~PAGENAME~~}}]]

# [ˈmɛ:lɪcʰɪ ˈjɛ̈wmɪ ˈd:i:n]

[~~[Category~~:~~Languages]~~]

# [ʔi:ˈjɛ:cʰə ˈnæʔ{{phar}}p⁼ʊ̈dʊ̈ və ʔi:ˈjɛ:cʰə nəstʰæˈʔ{{phar}}ɐi:n]

# [ˈʔɪht⁼ɪnɛ: s{{vel}}:ëˈr{{vel}}ɑ:d{{den}}{{vel}}əl mʊ̈stʰəˈgi:m]

# [s{{vel}}ëˈr{{vel}}ɑ:d{{den}}{{vel}}ə l:əˈdi:nə ʔənˈʔ{{phar}}æmtʰə ʔ{{phar}}æˈlɛ̈ɪhɪm ˈɣɐjrɪl məɣˈz{{vel}}u:bɪ ʔ{{phar}}æˈlɛ̈ɪhɪm vəlɛ: ˈz{{vel}}:ɑ:l:i:n]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-''Ancient Tzaloxian'' (''Fiüssu Iaini'' natively; ''huēziz tzaloxiniz'' in Naquian) is one of the two main languages of the Naquian civilization in [[Tricin]].
+==Irish reading tradition for an Indic language==
+-h's interpreted as lenition
+retroflexes are ignored but Th and Dh become dental fricatives
-==Introduction==
+should be for a middle Prakrit (a liturgical form of Sauraseni)
-==Classification==
-==Mythology==
-==Phonology==
+==Jamaican/Finnish Latin==
-===Orthography===
-===Consonants===
-Tzaloxian has a simple consonant inventory with only 12 consonants:
+*Ecclesiastical Latin ti -> tsi gone wild: in this dialect it becomes si
+**Reflexive pronouns disappear (since tibi and sibi merge)
+*ē, ō -> ie, uo (the opposite of Romance languages)
+**could create interesting false friends with Romance languages like "bacon"/"beer can"
-*the stops ''p t c q h'', pronounced /p t ts k ʔ/
+==Tonal Latin==
-*the nasals ''m n ŋ'', pronounced as in IPA
-*the fricatives ''f s ħ'', pronounced /f s x~ħ~h/
-*the liquid ''l'', which is /ɾ/ when single and /l:/ when geminated
-''F'' before ''i'' is commonly pronounced ''ç''.
+*louksnā -> lū̀ˀna
-===Vowels===
+==Traditional English pronunciation of Sanskrit==
+Idea: "What if Sanskrit had a reading tradition from Medieval England"
-Tzaloxian has 45 different vowels, perhaps the most of any major Trician language. There are:
+*"Cerebrals" merge with dentals as in southeast Asian languages
-* the simple vowels ''a i u'' /ɐ ɪ ʊ/
+*Word-final nasal -ṃ merges with -m as in the traditional reading of Latin
-* the double vowels ''aa ai au ia ii iu ua ui uu'' /a:~ar: ɛi ɔu ɪɛ i: ɪʊ ʊɔ ʏɪ u:~y:/
+*Miraculously final -aḥ and -o merge into /-oʊ/, the former is an independent development from Prakrit languages -- it comes from the usual assimilation of "silent gh"
-* the triple vowels ''aä iï uü äa ïi üu'' /ɐɑ: ɨi: ɨu: ɒ:ə i:e u:o/
-* the overlong diphthongs ''äi aï äu aü ïa iä ïu iü üa uä üi uï'' /ɑ:ɪ əi: ɑ:ʊ əu: ijə~iʝ:ə jɑ: ijo~iʝ:o ju: uwə~uɣʷ:ə wɑ: uwe~uɣʷ:e wi:/
-* the tripthongs ''aia aiu aua aui iai iau iua iui uai uia uau uiu'' /ɛjə~ɛʝ:ə ɛjʏ~ɛʝ:ʏ ɔwə~ɔɣʷ:ə ɔwɪ~ɔɣʷ:ɪ jɛɪ jɔʊ~jœʏ jʊə~ʏ:ə jʏi~jʏ:~ʏ: wɛɪ wɪə wɔʊ wɪw~wɯ:~ʷɯ:/
-===Prosody===
+===Rigveda===
-====Stress====
-====Intonation====
-===Phonotactics===
+/ægnɪmaɪli pəroʊhitəm jædʒnəsjə diwəm əɹtwɪdʒəm hoʊteɪɹəm ɹætnəðeɪtəməm/
-<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
+== Arabic ==
-===Morphophonology===
+=== "Culturally Indian Arabic" ===
-==Morphology==
+q k g {{gh}} {{ng}}
-<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
+ts{{phar}} t{{sh}} j {{ž}} nj
+t{{phar}} t d ð n
+p{{phar}} f b b m
+y r l w š s{{phar}} s h
-<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
+Skt CiCāCa gets borrowed as Stem III
-Nouns
+=== Non-Persianized Indian reading tradition ===
-Adjectives
+b Th t j h(phar) kh(emph) D d r z~jh s š s(emph) d(emph) t(emph) d(emph) 2(phar) gh(emph) f k(emph) kh l m n h v y
-Verbs
-Adverbs
-Particles
-Derivational morphology
--->
+# [besmeˈl{{den}}:a:he r:ɐh{{phar}}ˈma:n{{den}}e r:ɐˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]
+# [ʔəl{{den}} ˈh{{phar}}ɐmɖo l{{den}}eˈl{{den}}:a:he ˈrəb:el{{den}} ʔ{{phar}}a:l{{den}}əˈmi:n{{den}}]
+# [ʔər:ɑh{{phar}}ˈma:n{{den}}e r:ɐˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]
+# [ˈma:l{{den}}ekʰe ˈjəwme ˈɖ:i:n{{den}}]
+# [ʔi:ˈja:kʰə ˈn{{den}}ɐʔ{{phar}}boɖo ʋə ˈʔi:ˈja:kʰə n{{den}}əʂʈʰɐˈʔ{{phar}}ɐi:n{{den}}]
+# [ˈʔehɖen{{den}}a: s{{uvu}}:ɛˈra:t{{den}}{{uvu}}ʌl{{den}} moʂʈʰəˈqi:m]
+# [s{{uvu}}ɛˈra:t{{den}}{{uvu}}ə l{{den}}:əˈd{{den}}i:n{{den}}ə ʔən{{den}}ˈʔ{{phar}}ɐmʈʰə ʔ{{phar}}ɐˈl{{den}}əjhem ˈgʰəjrel{{den}} məgʰˈz{{uvu}}u:be ʔ{{phar}}ɐˈləjhem ʋəl{{den}}a: ˈd{{den}}{{uvu}}:ɑ:l{{den}}:i:n{{den}}]
-==Syntax==
+=== Irish reading of Arabic ===
-===Constituent order===
+{{aleph}}+ b+ t+~θ+ t+~θ+ d{{ž}}+ h{{phar}} x d+ d+ r{{vel}} z+ s+ {{sh}}+ s{{vel}} z{{vel}} d{{vel}} z{{vel}} {{aleph}}{{phar}} {{gh}} f+ g c+ l+ m+ n+ h+ v+ j+
-===Noun phrase===
-===Verb phrase===
-===Sentence phrase===
-===Dependent clauses===
-<!-- etc. etc. -->
-==Example texts==
+(+ = causes following a u ā ū to become ɛ ʊ̈ e:~æ: ü:)
-==Other resources==
-<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
-<!-- Template area -->
+# [bɪsmɪˈl:ɛ:hɪ r{{vel}}:ɑh{{phar}}ˈmɛ:nɪ r:{{vel}}:ɑˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]
+# [ʔəl ˈh{{phar}}ɑmdʊ̈ lɪl:ˈlɛ:hɪ ˈr{{vel}}ɑb:ɪl ʔ{{phar}}a:ləˈmi:n]
+# [ʔər{{vel}}:ɑh{{phar}}ˈmɛ:nɪ r:{{vel}}:ɑˈh{{phar}}ɐi:m]
-[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
+# [ˈmɛ:lɪcʰɪ ˈjɛ̈wmɪ ˈd:i:n]
-[[Category:Languages]]
+# [ʔi:ˈjɛ:cʰə ˈnæʔ{{phar}}p⁼ʊ̈dʊ̈ və ʔi:ˈjɛ:cʰə nəstʰæˈʔ{{phar}}ɐi:n]
+# [ˈʔɪht⁼ɪnɛ: s{{vel}}:ëˈr{{vel}}ɑ:d{{den}}{{vel}}əl mʊ̈stʰəˈgi:m]
+# [s{{vel}}ëˈr{{vel}}ɑ:d{{den}}{{vel}}ə l:əˈdi:nə ʔənˈʔ{{phar}}æmtʰə ʔ{{phar}}æˈlɛ̈ɪhɪm ˈɣɐjrɪl məɣˈz{{vel}}u:bɪ ʔ{{phar}}æˈlɛ̈ɪhɪm vəlɛ: ˈz{{vel}}:ɑ:l:i:n]