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Fifth Linguifex Relay/Tíogall (Retranslation): Difference between revisions

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==Text==
==Transliteration and translation==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
<poem>
<poem>
''Ar moileadh car, molúr hú rách ghias,''
''Ar sŋímeachadh ag moileadh fígin, aonúr hú tiortar ag tiortar!''
''ós abaŋthaigh hú cré chiamh;''
''Asaiŋŋt asŋataigh hú cré chiamh,''
''tnáighúr hú bhfá [...] toimhear de bhólaí máslaeŋa [...].''
''Ach aru le tnáigh bhfá mar le taimhear gil bólaí máslaeŋa le sonaiŋŋt.''
''Cuín bárfianaigh an Saichte gúime réich''
''Cuín arfásaigh an Saichte gúine; ''
''Réisí réanmataigh ag blóstaigh hú, ag réisí h-oithitigh an rách.''


<small>''Tomhsásuħus, Lisnóiŋeadh na Saobha''</small>
<small>''Tomhsásuħus, Lisnóiŋeadh na Saoibh''</small>
</poem>
</poem>
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<poem>
When a man gives praise and thanks, let him do so repeatedly!
Die he will one day,
but he must have faith that leaves can sprout from barren soil.
For the spirit-complex is ever actively present,
so long as it dawns and dusks, and so long as time passes.


== Gloss ==
<small>towsaʔsuhus, Tamer of Dogs
</poem>
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{| class="wikitable" style="background: white; text-align: center;"
==Interlinear==
|-
:ar sŋím-each-adh ag moil-eadh fígin, aon-úr hú tiortar ag tiortar
| pʼtáɓ || mut ||  ɾikʼ || ʔɗupʼ || kʼmoʔ || pʼtáɓs || ʔɗuʔpʼ
:on praise-VN-CST and thank.VN-CST mortal, do-JUSS 3SG.M.CONJ twice and twice
|-
| pʼ-táɓ || mut ||  ɾikʼ || ʔ-ɗupʼ || kʼ-moʔ || pʼ-táɓ=s || ʔ-ɗupʼ-ʔ
|-
| LOC1-time || person || PRES || ANIM-praise/give_thanks || COUNTER-one || LOC1-time=also/more || ANIM-praise/give_thanks-OPT
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="background: white; text-align: center;"
:asaiŋŋt asŋ-at-aigh hú cré chiamh
|-
:die.VN die-FUT-ANA 3SG.INDEP day F.one
| ŋaʔ || kʼmoʔ || pʼtáɓ || ʔʃúʔ.
|-
| ŋaʔ || kʼ-moʔ || pʼ-táɓ || ʔ-ʃúʔ-ʔ
|-
| yet/although || COUNTER-one || LOC1-time || ANIM-die-OPT
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="background: white; text-align: center;"
:ach ar-u le tnáigh bhfá<sup>N</sup> mar le taimh-ear gil bólaí má-slaeŋ-a le sonaiŋŋ-t
|-
:but on-3SG DAT believe.VN COMP possible DAT leaf-PL from soil un-fertile-PL.M DAT sprout-VN
| ʔaʔntʃʼ || tʼíʔ || pʼtsʼuʔ || kʼámiɓw || pʼkʼuʔl || ɓjáŋ
|-
| ʔ-antʃʼ-ʔ || tʼíʔ || pʼ-tsʼuʔ || kʼám-iɓw || pʼ-kʼul-ʔ || ɓ-jáŋ
|-
| ANIM-think-OPT || it_is_said || LOC1-soil || be_barren-PASS || LOC1-grow-OPT || PL-leaf
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="background: white; text-align: center;"
:cuín arfás-aigh an Saichte gúine;  
|-
:because ready-PRES.ANA DEF.SG gods always
| ɓɾóh || ʔkʼoŋ || ɾikʼ || ʔɗuts || ʔŋáʔ || júɓ || mɓál || ŋ̍ʔ || nɗikʼ || ŋ̍ʔ || táɓ || nɗuts
|-
| ɓ-ɾóh || ʔ-kʼoŋ || ɾikʼ || ʔ-ɗuts || ʔ-ŋáʔ || júɓ || n-ɓál || ŋ̍ʔ || n-ɗikʼ || ŋ̍ʔ || táɓ || n-ɗuts
|-
| PL-soul/spirit || ANIM-be_old || PRES || ANIM-pass/pass_by || ANIM-be_like || sun || INANIM-shine || and/with || INANIM-become_night || and/with || time || INANIM-pass/pass_by
|}


{| class="wikitable" style="background: white; text-align: center;"
:réisí<sup>L</sup> réanm-at-aigh ag blós-t-aigh hú, ag réisí<sup>L</sup> oith-it-igh an rách.
|-
:so_long_as dawn-FUT-ANA and dusk-FUT-NAA 3SG.M.CONJ and so_long_as pass-FUT-ANA DEF.SG time
| — towsaʔsuhus, || pwáʔ || ʔtʼuʔiɓw
|-
| towsaʔsuhus || pwáʔ || ʔ-tʼuw-iɓw
|-
| [personal_name] || dog || ANIM-domesticate-PASS
|}


== Glossary of anything that isn't standard ==
:Tomhsásuħus lisn-óiŋ-eadh na saoibh
:T. tame-AGT-CST DEF.PL dog.PL


{| class="wikitable" style="background: white;"
==Glossary==
|-
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| '''LOC1''' || the first locative, which is used for exact places or times
|-
|-
! Tíogall !! PoS !! English !! Notes
| '''OPT''' || optative, which is an infix that I wasn't sure how to gloss properly
|-
|-
| ''ar'' || ''prep'' || on, upon ||
| '''PASS''' || passive, sometimes used participially
|-
|-
| ''sŋím, sŋímigh, sŋímín, sŋímtigh, sŋímeach'' || ''v, trans'' || praise ||
| '''COUNTER''' || grammatically necessary prefix for numerals
|-
| ''ag'' || ''conj'' || and || used for both nouns and clauses
|-
| ''mol, molaigh, moilín, moltaigh, moile || ''v, intrans'' || thank || ''le X le moile'' = to thank X
|-
| ''fígin, fígine'' || ''m'' || human being, mortal ||
|-
| ''aon, aonaigh, sólín, aontaigh, sól'' || ''v, trans'' || do ||
|-
| ''tiortar'' || ''adv'' || twice || ''tiortar ag tiortar'' means 'again and again; continually'.
|-
| ''asaŋ, asŋaigh, asŋín, asŋataigh, asaiŋŋt'' || ''v, intrans'' || die ||
|-
| ''cré, créar'' || ''f'' || day ||
|-
| ''ciamh'' || ''num'' || one ||
|-
| ''ach'' || ''conj'' || but ||
|-
| ''tnáigh, tnáigh, tnáighín, tnáightigh, tnáigh'' || ''v, intrans'' || believe || ''de X le tnáigh'' = to believe in X; ''le X le tnáigh'' = to believe what X says
|-
| ''bhfá-N'' || ''conj'' || ''complementizer'' ||
|-
| ''mar le X'' || || X can ||
|-
| ''taimh, taimhear'' || ''f'' || leaf ||
|-
| ''gil'' || ''prep'' || from ||
|-
| ''bólaí'' || ''m (plurale tantum)'' || soil ||
|-
| ''máslaeŋ, máslaeŋa'' || ''adj'' || infertile, barren || ''má-'' 'un' + ''slaeŋ'' 'fertile'
|-
| ''sonaiŋŋ, sonaiŋŋigh, sonaiŋŋín, sonaiŋŋtigh, sonaiŋŋt'' || ''v'' || sprout ||
|-
| ''cuín'' || ''conj'' || because, for ||
|-
| ''arfás, arfásaigh, arfásín, arfástaigh, arfáiste'' || ''v'' || be ready ||
|-
| ''Saichte'' || ''m'' || spirit-complex in nature||
|-
| ''gúine'' || ''adv'' || always ||
|-
| ''réisí-L'' || ''conj'' || as long as ||
|-
| ''réanmaigh, réanmín, réanmataigh, réanmach'' || ''v'' || to dawn ||
|-
| ''blósaigh, blósín, blóstaigh, blósach'' || ''v'' || to dusk ||
|-
| ''oith, oithigh, oithín, oithitigh, oitheach'' || ''v'' || pass
|-
| ''rách'' || ''m'' || time ||
|-
| ''lisnóiŋ'' || ''m'' || tamer || ''lisin'' 'tame' + ''-óiŋ'' '-er'
|-
| ''saobh, saoibh'' || ''m'' || dog ||
|}
|}


== Grammar notes ==
==Notes==
 
*''ar'' + VERB.VN-CONST + SUBJECT is a time clause: "upon SUBJECT's VERB-ing" or "when SUBJECT VERBs".
Verbs are indicative by default; tense is only marked (with particles) for indicative verbs; the lack of this particle can indicate that a verb is being used to modify a noun instead, or that the verb is being used gnomically. Verbs can agree for animacy or locative type. The optative covers a wide range of subjunctive-like uses. The particle ''tʼíʔ'' may be used to subordinate clauses.
*''ar'' + SUBJECT + ''le'' + VERB.VN means "SUBJECT must VERB".
*VERB.VN + VERB + SUBJECT is an emphatic construction meaning "SUBJECT [surely, definitely] VERBs", with a distinct literary flavor. A clause in this form can also have a concessive force.
*The future is used in time clauses, when the condition holds at or up to some point in time in the future.
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