Umbrean: Difference between revisions

''Negation'':

:{| {{style|center}}

And thirdly they are used to modify the verb in the phrase.

Active voice cannot be used in participles.

:{|{{style|center}}

|}

====Adverbial====

|-

! Passive

|-

! Anti-passive

|-

! Circumstantial

|}

The adverbial participle can be used in several manners and each manner usually requires a specific set of tempuses to be used

#*Tells what outcome the verb has.

#'''Concession'''

#*The verb happened despite the action or state of the participle.

===Supine===

Supines don't take conjugational affixation but rather these to mark positive or negative, to do or not to do it.

| -lüü

|}

===Gerund===

|}

===Modal Forms===

¹ vowels are omitable if the phonotactic allows it

===Sequence of tenses===

{{see|sub|Ditransitive verbs}}

English Examples: "I give him a book" vs "I gave a book to him", "He asked me a question" vs "He asked a question to me"

{| {{style|center}}

|-

|-

| a-ee-u

| ee-i-ë

| ü-uu-e

|-

|-

| y-uu-o

|}

===Possession===

Inalienable possession refer to possession that is static through time, your arm will always be your arm, parents will always be parents even if disowned. In this case both are in indefiniate state but the same case.

==Adjective==

|}

===Predicate===

| -itj || -osj || -ymj

|}

==Deixis, Proforms & Anaphora==

====Interogative Pronouns====

The pronouns are similar to english with a few addition, it distinguishes between an item, a living thing, an animal and a sapient being.

{| {{style|center}}

! colspan=7 | Interrogative pronouns

| flat || fljat || flwat

|}

===Demonstratives===

Demonstratives are highly contextual. They refer to a specific entity of some sort that is deduced from what is said and done around.

====Demonstratives Determiner====

{| {{style|center}}

! colspan=11 | Demonstrative Determiner

|- style="border-top:2px solid;"

|-  

! colspan=1 | Case↓

|-

! Int

<!-- This -->

| {{red|tlet}} <br> {{green|tlež}} <br> {{purple|tlezj}} <br> {{blue|tledj}}

| {{red|zzliit}} <br> {{green|zzliž}} <br> {{purple|zzliizj}} <br> {{blue|zzliidj}}

| {{red|tslyt}} <br> {{green|tslyž}} <br> {{purple|tslyzj}} <br> {{blue|tslydj}}

! Erg

| {{red|tletsw}} <br> {{green|tležžw}} <br> {{purple|tlezzw}} <br> {{blue|tledzw}}

| {{red|zzliitsw}} <br> {{green|zzliižžw}} <br> {{purple|zzliizzw}} <br> {{blue|zzliidzw}}

| {{red|tslytsw}} <br> {{green|tslyžžw}} <br> {{purple|tslyzzw}} <br> {{blue|tslydzw}}

! Acc

| {{red|tlesn}} <br> {{green|tležwn}} <br> {{purple|tlezjn}} <br> {{blue|tlezn}}

| {{red|zzliisn}} <br> {{green|zzliižwn}} <br> {{purple|zzliizjn}} <br> {{blue|zzliizn}}

| {{red|tslysn}} <br> {{green|tslyžwn}} <br> {{purple|tslyzjn}} <br> {{blue|tslyzn}}

! Pst

| {{red|tletsw}} <br> {{green|tledžw}} <br> {{purple|tledzw}} <br> {{blue|tledzw}}

| {{red|zzliitsw}} <br> {{green|zzliidžw}} <br> {{purple|zzliidzw}} <br> {{blue|zzliidzw}}

| {{red|tslytsw}} <br> {{green|tslydžw}} <br> {{purple|tslydzw}} <br> {{blue|tslydzw}}

|}

====Demonstrative Pronouns====

{| {{style|center}}

| džlwidts

|}

===Gender mixture===

The gender of the deixis is picked by the closest word or the one wishes to focus on more.

==Personal Pronouns==

| tšwat || tšwlat

|-

!style="font-size: x-small;"| Magical

| tsjaš

| džwazd || džwlazd

|-

!style="font-size: x-small;" colspan=1|General

| ŋŋo

| miit || mliit

| mmat || mlat

|-

!style="font-size: x-small;" colspan=2|General

|}

abdefgǧhijklmnŋñoprsštstuvyzžüëö

! Likely

<!-- Condition -->

| Indicative

| Base

| Abilative

<!-- Result-->

| Subjunctive

| Hypothetical

| Base

<!-- Result-->

| Subjunctive

| Hypothetical

==Accusative Absolute==

==Modality==

This is achived by putting the noun into intransitive construction state with the proper number vowel and then use it as an ordinary verb.

Adpositional predicates are constructed by taking the adposition and add the proper Circumfix and then use it as a verb where the object that was being modified by it is the agent while the object in the adpositional phrase is treated as an ordinary object. the ë in the ëlj- prefix is ommited if the postposition begins with a vowel.

*²: is only used if it ends in a vowel

'''Locative Predicate'''

Adjectival predicates are achived through using the adjective as a verb all on its own and have it declined according to the noun.

'''Existential'''

'''tswümj''': v.t.a

==Question==

Questions are formed by inverting the position of the Agent and the Object if its transitive, otherwise it remains the same with the Subject. The question word and particles does the rest to signify it is a question.

|-

! Right

|-

! Left

|-

! Up

|-

! Down

|-

! Forward

|-

! Backward

|}

|-

| -

| Verb

| Noun

|-

|  

| Verb

| Noun

|  

| Part of

| Noun

|-

| Noun

|-

| living thing

| Noun

| Noun

|-

| Female of

| Noun

| Noun

|-

| Male of

| Noun

| Noun

|-

| Dominion of, domain of

| Noun

| Language of

| Verb

| Noun

|-

| Adj

|-

| Verb

| Adj

*Adjectives ()

**

[[Category: Umbrean]]