Umbrean/Examples: Difference between revisions

Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Umbrean/Examples"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-==Verb Examples==
+==Verb==
+===VAT===
+'''Active''' - Example of active voice where the wolf is in ergative case and the speaker is in accusative case. Notice how the verbs VAT vowel is conjugated according to the object/Patient and not the subject.
-'''Active''' - Example of active voice where the wolf is in ergative case and the speaker is in accusative case. Notice how the verbs VAT vowel is conjugated according to the object/Patient and not the subject.
+"''fššedyss tsümj ǧlovëssw''"
-fššedyss tsümj ǧlovëssw
+{{Um-IPA|fššedyss tsümj ǧlovëssw}}
 fššed-yss tsümj ǧlov-ëssw
-wolf-{{sc|erg.s.indf}} {{sc|1s.acc}} bite-{{sc|1.aff.ind.act.pst.prf}}
+wolf-{{sc|erg.s.indf.liv}} {{sc|1s.acc}} bite-{{sc|1.aff.ind.act.pst.prf}}
-A wolf bit me
+"''A wolf bit me''"
 '''Anti-Passive''' - Anti-passive voice, notice how the VAT vowel conjugates into a negative sense and only goes with the subject but also that it can take on a general or undefined meaning.
-fššedy ǧlovets
+"''fššedy ǧlovŋets''"
+{{Um-IPA|fššedy ǧlovŋets}}
-fššed-y ǧlov-ets
+fššed-y ǧlov-ŋ-ets
-wolf-{{sc|int.s.indf}} bite-{{sc|1.neg.ind.antip.prs.cont}}
+wolf-{{sc|int.s.indf.liv}} bite-{{sc|neg}}-{{sc|1.neg.ind.antip.prs.cont}}
-A wolf is not biting <br> wolves don't bite
+"''A wolf is not biting''" <br> "''wolves don't bite''"
 '''Passive''' - Passive voice, notice positive VAT and subject agreement
-tswë ǧlovukwš
+"''tswë ǧlovukwš''"
+{{Um-IPA|tswë ǧlovukwš}}
 tswë ǧlov-ukwš
@@ Line 31: / Line 37: @@
 {{sc|1s.int}} bite-{{sc|1.aff.ind.pas.past/prs.term}}
-I stopped being bitten <br> I am stopping being bitten
+"''I stopped being bitten''" <br> "''I am stopping being bitten''"
+===Mood===
+'''Indicative''' - Notice that there is no additional marking on the verb itself
+"''Tšees fššedylw vvidjooll''"
+{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw vvidjooll}}
+Tšees fššed-ylw vvidj-ooll
+{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def.liv}} see-{{sc|ind.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}
+"''I will see the wolf now/soon''"
+'''Optative''' - Notice the frontal vowel, inter-L of the verb but also the vowel change on the last vowel
+"''Tšees fššedylw avvidjliill''"
+{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw avvidjliill}}
+Tšees fššed-ylw a>vvidj<l-iill
+{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def.liv}} <{{sc|opt}}>see-{{sc|opt.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}
+"''I want to see the wolf now/soon''"
+'''Subjunctive''' - Notice the frontal vowel, inter-L of the verb but also the vowel change on the last vowel
+"''Tšees fššedylw uuvvidjljaall''"
+{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw uuvvidjljaall}}
+Tšees fššed-ylw uu>vvidj<lj-aall
+{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def.liv}} <{{sc|sjv}}>see-{{sc|sjv.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}
+"''I probably will see the wolf soon''"
+===Circumstantial Voice===
+'''Normal'''
+"''Tšees Žžötwolwmj  kwëltjom ëŋŋy tsmaakë''"
+{{Um-IPA|Tšees Žžötwolwmj kwëltjom ëŋŋy tsmaakë}}
+Tšees Žžötw-olwmj kwëltj-om ëŋŋ-y tsmaak-ë
+{{sc|1s.erg}} meat-{{sc|acc.sg.def.liv}} knife-{{sc|acc.sg.indf.art}} with-{{sc|sg.art.3}} cut-{{sc|ind.aff.1.prs.ctn}}
+"''I'm cutting the meat with a knife''"
+'''Circumstantial'''
+"''kwëltjii mljëŋŋ tsmaakiim''"
+{{Um-IPA|kwëltjii mljëŋŋ tsmaakiim}}
+kwëltj-ii mlj-ëŋŋ tsmaak-iim
+knife-{{sc|int.sg.indf.art}} {{sc|acc.crcv}}-with cut-{{sc|ind.crcv.aff.3.prs.ctn}}
+"''With a knife, cutting is being done''"<br>
+"''Cutting is being done with a knife''"
+==Participles==
+===Adjectival Participles===
+"''Tsmaakëzvjevj žžötwiilw''"
+{{Um-IPA|Tsmaakëzvjevj žžötwiilw}}
+Tsmaak-ëzvj-evj žžötw-iilw
+Cut-{{sc|ind.1.pst.pfv.antip.aff}}-{{sc|pst.pfv.antip.pcp.aff.int.liv}} meat-{{sc|sg.liv.int.def}}
+"''The cut meat''"
+===Adverbial Participles===
 [[Category:Umbrean]]