Linguifex

Hapát Maihivu: Difference between revisions

← Older edit
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,283 edits
mNo edit summary
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,283 edits
mNo edit summary
 
(123 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Times New Roman''' is an ancient language of Cuadhlabh, intended to have a "dark Elvish" aesthetic (i.e. Finnish + Latin + Arabic).
'''Hapát Maihivu''' ('our language') is a [[Verse:Tricin/Chunda Capeto|Capetan]] language intended to have a Sami, Latin, and Arabic aesthetic.


Consonants: /m n p t k s h v l r j/ {{angbr|'''m n p t k s h v l r y'''}}
TODO: use a more Sami aesthetic
 
Consonants: /m n ŋ p t k s v l r j h/ {{angbr|'''m n ŋ p t k s v l r y h'''}}


Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː/ {{angbr|'''a i u á í ú'''}}
Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː/ {{angbr|'''a i u á í ú'''}}
Line 7: Line 9:
Allowed geminates: /mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr/ {{angbr|'''mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr'''}}
Allowed geminates: /mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr/ {{angbr|'''mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr'''}}


Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry'''}}
Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt ŋk ŋkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj hj hv ht/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt ŋk ŋkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry hy hv ht'''}}
 
Allowed word-final consonants: /t n r/


1: már
1: már
2: allu
2: allu
3: tarvuli
3: arvu
4: issili
4: issi
5: úpali
5: úpa
6: vinírili
6: viníri
7: minkúli
7: miŋku
8: tajúsali
8: tahúsa
9: hilkámuli
9: hilkámu
10: altupuvassín
10: altuvatut
11: mártupuvassín
11: mártuvatut
12: tupuva
12: tuva
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! |
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
! |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|
|-
! |Plosive
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
|
|rowspan="2"|'''k''' /k/
|
|-
! |Fricative
|
| '''s''' /s/
|
 
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! |Approximant
| '''v''' /ʋ/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|
|
|-
! |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
|+ '''Vowel phonemes'''
! rowspan="2" style=""|
! colspan="2" style="" |Front
! colspan="2" style="" |Central
! colspan="2" style="" |Back
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''í''' /iː/
|
|
| '''u''' /u/
| '''ú''' /uː/
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''á''' /aː/
|
|
|}
 
===Gradation===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 1000px; text-align: center;"
|-
!Strong grade
|''p''||''t''||''k''||''CC''||''nCC''||''lCC''||''rCC''||''mp''||''nt''||''ŋk''||''lp''||''lt''||''lk''||''rp''||''rt''||''rk''
|-
!Weak grade
|''v''||''l''||''Ø''||''C''||''nC''||''lC''||''rC''||''mm''||''nn''||''ŋŋ''||''lv''||''ll''||''ly''||''rv''||''rr''||''ry''
|}
 
==Morphology==
Below, [S] = strong-grade stem, [W] = weak-grade stem.
===Nouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human
|-
! !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Absolutive
|''[S]''||''[W]-nna''
|-
!|Ergative
|''[S]-a''||''[W]-ntá''
|-
!|Genitive
|''[S]-at''||''[W]-ntát''
|-
!|Dative
|''[S]-r''||''[W]-ntar''
|-
!|Adessive
|''[W]-tur''||''[W]-nnatur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''[W]-tut''||''[W]-nnatut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''[W]-mur''||''[W]-nnamur''
|-
!|Elative
|''[W]-mut''||''[W]-nnamut''
|}
 


*pl: -sa
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
*abs: -0
|-
*erg: -a (-á, -ia, -ua)
! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human
*gen: -at
|-
! !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Absolutive
|''luki''||''luinna''
|-
!|Ergative
|''lukia''||''luintá''
|-
!|Genitive
|''lukiat''||''luintát''
|-
!|Dative
|''lukir''||''luintar''
|-
!|Adessive
|''luitur''||''luinnatur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''luitut''||''luinnatut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''luimur''||''luinnamur''
|-
!|Elative
|''luimut''||''luinnamut''
|}


Infinitive: ''-na''?
===Verbs===
nuntakan, nuntaki, nuntat, nuntakapak, nuntakka, nuntakat, nuntakur


Personal endings:
{{col-begin}}
*1sg: -:n ''nunttán'', ''míntún''
{{col-break}}
*2sg: -:i ''nunttái'', ''míntúi''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
*3sg: -t ''nunttat'', ''míntut''
|+ Present tense suffixes
*1pl: -:pá ''nunttápá'', ''míntúpá''
|-
*2pl: -nká ''nunttanká'', ''míntunká''
!style="width: 50px; "|
*3pl: -át ''nunttát'', ''míntuát''
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
*imp: -:r ''nunttár'', ''míntúr''
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|[S] + ''-:n''
|[S] + ''-:va''
|-
!|2
|[S] + ''-:i'' (''*-íi'' > ''-í'')
|[S] + ''-:ka''
|-
!|3
|[W] + ''-t''
|[W] + ''-at''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|[S] + ''-:r''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|+ ''nuntana'' 'to protect'
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|''nuntán''
|''nuntáva''
|-
!|2
|''nuntái''
|''nuntáka''
|-
!|3
|''nunnat''
|''nunnát''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|''nuntár''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|+ ''sákkina'' 'to love'
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|''sákkín''
|''sákkíva''
|-
!|2
|''sákkí''
|''sákkíka''
|-
!|3
|''sákit''
|''sákiat''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|''sákkír''
|}
{{col-end}}


*''-ain-'' = antipassive?
Nouns from verbs: ''-vu''


:'''''Nunttavái! Mi Dong Bin Choi laissukan.'''''
===Pronouns===
:[nunt:ava:i | mi tuŋgubi:n sui lais:uxa:t]
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
:(lit. May you be protected! I am called Dong Bin Choi.)
|+ Declension of personal pronouns
! !! 1sg !! 2sg || 1pl || 2pl
|-
!|Absolutive
|''án'' || ''hí'' || ''hapa'' || ''hakki''
|-
!|Ergative
|''anna'' || ''unna'' || ''hapá'' || ''hakkia''
|-
!|Genitive
|''anat'' || ''unat'' || ''hapát'' || ''hakkiat''
|-
!|Adessive
|''antur'' || ''untur'' || ''havatur'' || ''hakitur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''antut'' || ''untut'' || ''havatut'' || ''hakitut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''ammur'' || ''ummur'' || ''havamur'' || ''hakimur''
|-
!|Elative
|''ammut'' || ''ummut'' || ''havamut'' || ''hakimut''
|}


:'''''Vainkataramaná ísarvi uksat.'''''
3rd person/demonstratives?
:V.-ERG paste-ABS eat-3SG.SBJ
:''Venkataramana eats paste.''


:'''''Vainkataramana uksat.'''''
==Syntax==
:V.-ABS eat-3SG.SBJ
Times New Roman is consistently head-final.
:''Venkataramana eats.''


==Phonology==
:'''''Sákivuat si kirvavuat urkka maihín.''
:''I speak of love and hate.''
 
:'''''Antur pihtar yanakúi?'''''
:''Are you saving it for me?''


[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]]
[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Languages]]
Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Hapát_Maihivu"