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| {{clade
| | '''Riqian''' (''Riqīmā'' /rikʷiːmaː/) is an extinct Talmic language, a close relative of [[Thensarian]]. |
| |label1=[[Thensarian|Noble Thensarian]]
| | ==Phonology== |
| |1={{clade
| | Linking and intrusive /ʕ/ is used between word-final /aː eː oː/ and a following vowel |
| |label1=Primitive Tígeł
| |
| |1={{clade
| |
| |label1=[[Old Tígeł]]
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| |1={{clade
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| |1=Modern [[Tígeł]]
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| |2=Retroflex-y language
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| |3=[[Bhadhagha]]
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| |4=Hyper-Old Tígeł
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| }}
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| }}
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| |label2=Gebochamic
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| |2={{clade
| |
| |1=[[Gebocham]]
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| |2=[[Bênôcian]]
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| }}
| |
| |3=[[Nurian]]
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| |4=[[Andarin]]
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| }}
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| }}
| |
| ==Swedishy Tígełic (read: Fóõ gib)==
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
| |
| |-
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| !rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
| |
| !rowspan="2"| Labial
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| !colspan="2"| Dental
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| !colspan="2"| Retroflex
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| !rowspan="2"| Palatal
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| !rowspan="2"| Velar
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| !rowspan="2"| Glottal
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| |-
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| !<small>central</small>
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| !<small>lateral</small>
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| !<small>central</small>
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| !<small>lateral</small>
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"|Nasal
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| | m
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| | n ||
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| | ɳ ||
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| | ɲ
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| | ŋ
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Stop
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| !<small>voiceless</small>
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| | p
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| | t ||
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| | ʈ ||
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| | tɕ
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| | k
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| | ʔ
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | b
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| | d ||
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| | ɖ ||
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| | dʑ
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| | g
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Fricative
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| !<small>voiceless</small>
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| | f
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| | s || ɬ
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| | ʂ || ꞎ
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| | ɕ
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| | x
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| |rowspan="2"| h
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | v
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| | z || ɮ
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| | ʐ || ɮ˞
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| | ʑ
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| | ɣ
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Approximant
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| | w || || l || || ɭ || j || ||
| |
| |}
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| | |
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
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| |+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Front
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| ! colspan="4" colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Back
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| |-
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Close
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| | '''i''' /i/
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| | '''ii''' /iː/
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| | '''ü''' /y/
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| | '''üü''' /yː/
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| |
| |
| |
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| | '''u''' /u/
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| | '''uu''' /uː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Mid
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| | '''e''' /e/
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| | '''ee''' /eː/
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| | '''ö''' /ø/
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| | '''öö''' /øː/
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| | '''õ''' /ɤ/
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| | '''õõ''' /ɤː/
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| | '''o''' /o/
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| | '''oo''' /oː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Open
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| | '''ä''' /æ/
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| | '''ää''' /æː/
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| |
| |
| |
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| | '''a''' /ɑ/
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| | '''aa''' /ɑː/
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| glides: '''-i''' '''-u''' /-j -w/
| |
| | |
| ===Consonant reflexes===
| |
| ''ndr, tr, thr, dr, dhr, sr, zsr, r'' = /ɳ ʈ ꞎ ɖ ɮ˞ ʂ ʐ ɭ/
| |
| | |
| ===Vowel reflexes===
| |
| ====Long vowels====
| |
| *''aé'' > ''ee''
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| *''é'' > ''jaa''
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| *''á'' > ''õõ''
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| *''aó'' > ''oo''
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| *''aói, ói'' > ''öö''
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| *''úi'' > ''üü''
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| *''ó'' > ''aa''
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| *''í'' > ''ii''
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| *''eá, eío'' > ''jõõ''
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| *''eí'' > ''ii''
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| *''eó'' > ''joo''
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| *''eú'' > ''jöö''
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| *''iú'' > ''juu''
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| *''aí'' > ''ee''
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| *''ú'' > ''uu''
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| | |
| ====Short vowels====
| |
| *''a, e, i, o, u'' > ''a, ja, i, o, u''?
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| *''ao, eo, io, aio'' > ''õ, jõ, ju, jo''?
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| *''ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui'' > ''e, i, ö, ü''
| |
| | |
| ==Proto-Tigalic== | |
| *Aramaization: h > 0 x, ɣ > ħ, ʕ; θ, ð > t, d; f > h (except before /l/ and /r/); begadkefat
| |
| *general y~u, ȳ~ū merger
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| *ʕ > ŋ
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| *p t k b d g m n ŋ h r l v j + creaky voice
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| *a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au
| |
| | |
| ==Gebocham==
| |
| Uncanny-valley English with a Franco-Turkish flavor. Native name: ''Gebocham'' /dʒəbʌʃɑŋ/
| |
| *Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
| |
| *Vowel harmony groups:
| |
| **high tense: i ʉ
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| **high lax: ɪ ʊ
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| **low: æ ʌ
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| **ə is neutral
| |
| *Rhotic vowels: [ɑɹ ɪɹ ɪɹ ɔɹ ɜɹ ʊɹ ʊɹ]
| |
| *"Nasal" vowels: [ɑŋ iŋ iŋ ɑŋ əŋ ɔŋ ɔŋ]
| |
| **All vowels may occur in open syllables e.g. dɹɪ
| |
| *Consonants: m n ŋ p t tʃ k ʔ b d dʒ g f s ʃ v z ʒ h ɹ l j
| |
| *I = /nʌ/
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| *thou = (m) /zɪɹ/, (f) /wɪɹ/
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| *he =
| |
| | |
| | |
| [[Category:Talmic languages|*]][[Category:Quihum languages]]
| |