Verse:Irta/Knench: Difference between revisions
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'''Knench''' /nɛnt͡ʃ/ (natively / | '''Knench''' /nɛnt͡ʃ/ (natively ''Finid'' /ˈfi{{long}}nɪð/ or ''losůnaz Fini'') is a divergent descendant of Canaanite spoken in Lõis Great Britain. It does not lose Semitic triconsonantal morphology, but it loses older Semitic conjugated verb forms in favor of constructions using the infinitive construct. Knench is the second largest Irta British minority language after Welsh, in fact its syntax is similar to Colloquial Welsh. | ||
Move to Spain? | |||
Revamp prosody to a more Welshy one | Revamp prosody to a more Welshy one | ||
* ''dobor'' [ˈðoːvʌɾ] "a thing" | * ''dobor'' [ˈðoːvʌɾ] "(literary) a thing" | ||
* ''doboraz'' [ðʌˈvoːɾaz] "the thing" | * ''doboraz'' [ðʌˈvoːɾaz] "the thing" | ||
* '' | * ''deberi'' [ðɛˈveːɾi] "things" (affection; plural -īm -> -i) | ||
* '' | * ''deberimel'' [ðɛvɛˈɾiːmɛl] "the things" | ||
* ''qhymůr'' [ˈqʰəmʉɾ] "donkey" | * ''qhymůr'' [ˈqʰəmʉɾ] "donkey" | ||
* ''jůno'' [ | * ''jůno'' [ˈjyːnʌ] "a pigeon" | ||
* ''jůnozů'' [jʉˈnoːzʉ] "the pigeon" | * ''jůnozů'' [jʉˈnoːzʉ] "the pigeon" | ||
* ''jůnůd'' [ | * ''jůnůd'' [ˈjyːnʉð] "pigeons" (Hebrew has yōnīm but let's use the f. pl. ending) | ||
* ''jůnůdel'' [ | * ''jůnůdel'' [jʉˈnyːðɛl] "the pigeons" | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
Knench phonology is complex, with underlying phonemes resulting in multiple phones depending on the phonetic environment (most importantly, stressed versus unstressed syllables; prevocalic or non-prevocalic for certain laryngeals) | Knench phonology is complex, with underlying phonemes resulting in multiple phones depending on the phonetic environment (most importantly, stressed versus unstressed syllables; prevocalic or non-prevocalic for certain laryngeals) | ||
=== Vowels === | === Vowels === | ||
'''a e y i o u ů''' /a~aː ɛ~eː ə~ɨː ɪ~iː ʌ~o̝ː ʊ~u̟ː ʉ~yː/ | |||
=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
==== Phones ==== | ==== Phones ==== | ||
| Line 33: | Line 37: | ||
* |m| '''m''' from Old Knench /m/ | * |m| '''m''' from Old Knench /m/ | ||
* |n| '''n''' from Old Knench /n/ | * |n| '''n''' from Old Knench /n/ | ||
* | | * |ɕ| '''çh''' from Old Knench /ts/ (from PSem *s) | ||
* |ʁ{{tilde}}| '''ɣ''' from Old Knench /ʁ̃/ (from PSem *ɣ and *ʕ) | * |ʁ{{tilde}}| '''ɣ''' from Old Knench /ʁ̃/ (from PSem *ɣ and *ʕ) | ||
* |f| '''f''' from Old Knench /p/ | * |f| '''f''' from Old Knench /p/ | ||
| Line 44: | Line 48: | ||
'''qh''' is in a process of merging with '''ch''' in Modern Knench. The merged sound is kʰ~x. | '''qh''' is in a process of merging with '''ch''' in Modern Knench. The merged sound is kʰ~x. | ||
=== Mutation === | === Mutation === | ||
| Line 52: | Line 53: | ||
== Morphology == | == Morphology == | ||
=== Pronouns === | === Pronouns === | ||
* 1sg: ''i'' (after consonant), ''ni'' (after vowel) | * 1sg: ''i'' (after consonant), ''ni'' (after vowel) | ||
* 2sg.m: ''tho''; ''-cho tho'' (after prepositions) | * 2sg.m: ''tho''; ''-cho tho'' (after prepositions) | ||
| Line 61: | Line 61: | ||
* 2pl: ''thym''; ''-chym thym, -chythym'' (after prepositions) | * 2pl: ''thym''; ''-chym thym, -chythym'' (after prepositions) | ||
* 3pl: <i>'m</i> | * 3pl: <i>'m</i> | ||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
Latest revision as of 04:23, 11 May 2026
Knench /nɛnt͡ʃ/ (natively Finid /ˈfiːnɪð/ or losůnaz Fini) is a divergent descendant of Canaanite spoken in Lõis Great Britain. It does not lose Semitic triconsonantal morphology, but it loses older Semitic conjugated verb forms in favor of constructions using the infinitive construct. Knench is the second largest Irta British minority language after Welsh, in fact its syntax is similar to Colloquial Welsh.
Move to Spain?
Revamp prosody to a more Welshy one
- dobor [ˈðoːvʌɾ] "(literary) a thing"
- doboraz [ðʌˈvoːɾaz] "the thing"
- deberi [ðɛˈveːɾi] "things" (affection; plural -īm -> -i)
- deberimel [ðɛvɛˈɾiːmɛl] "the things"
- qhymůr [ˈqʰəmʉɾ] "donkey"
- jůno [ˈjyːnʌ] "a pigeon"
- jůnozů [jʉˈnoːzʉ] "the pigeon"
- jůnůd [ˈjyːnʉð] "pigeons" (Hebrew has yōnīm but let's use the f. pl. ending)
- jůnůdel [jʉˈnyːðɛl] "the pigeons"
Phonology
Knench phonology is complex, with underlying phonemes resulting in multiple phones depending on the phonetic environment (most importantly, stressed versus unstressed syllables; prevocalic or non-prevocalic for certain laryngeals)
Vowels
a e y i o u ů /a~aː ɛ~eː ə~ɨː ɪ~iː ʌ~o̝ː ʊ~u̟ː ʉ~yː/
Consonants
Phones
Underlying consonants
- |ʔ| x (often lost) from Old Knench /ʔ/
- |v| v from Old Knench /b/
- |ɣ| g from Old Knench /g/
- |ð| d from Old Knench /d/
- |h| ḧ (often lost) from Old Knench /h/
- |w| w from Old Knench /w/
- |z| z from Old Knench /z/ (from PSem *z and ð)
- |qʰ| qh from Old Knench /χ/ (from PSem *x and *ħ)
- |t=| t from Old Knench /tˁ/
- |j| j from Old Knench /j/
- |kʰ| ch from Old Knench /k/
- |l| l from Old Knench /l/
- |m| m from Old Knench /m/
- |n| n from Old Knench /n/
- |ɕ| çh from Old Knench /ts/ (from PSem *s)
- |ʁ̃| ɣ from Old Knench /ʁ̃/ (from PSem *ɣ and *ʕ)
- |f| f from Old Knench /p/
- |p=| p from Latin/Romance /p/
- |ts=| ç from Old Knench /tsˁ/ (from PSem *ṣ, *ṣ́, and *θ̣)
- |k=| c from Old Knench /q/
- |r| r from Old Knench /r/
- |ʂ| s from Old Knench /s̠/ (from PSem *š, *ś, and *θ)
- |tʰ| th from Old Knench /t/
qh is in a process of merging with ch in Modern Knench. The merged sound is kʰ~x.
Mutation
Morphology
Pronouns
- 1sg: i (after consonant), ni (after vowel)
- 2sg.m: tho; -cho tho (after prepositions)
- 2sg.f: thy; -chyth (after prepositions)
- 3sg.m: ůj (< -ů + ḧi)
- 3sg.f: oj (< -o/-oh/-ho + ḧi)
- 1pl: nu
- 2pl: thym; -chym thym, -chythym (after prepositions)
- 3pl: 'm
Verbs
The citation form is uninflected in Colloquial Knench:
- Re ni by bluɣ i laqhm. (PRES 1SG PROG eat 1SG bread) 'I eat/am eating bread.'
- Bluɣ laqhmaz! 'Eat the bread! (both sg and pl)'
Knench verbs can be from inherited binyanim (fɣul, iffoɣel, ithfoɣel, faɣel, afɣel, isthafɣel) or from noun patterns.