Húsnorsk: Difference between revisions
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#/b, d, g/ becomes /p, t, k/ next to voiceless stops and /s/, but not /f/, which becomes /v/ next to these consonants. | #/b, d, g/ becomes /p, t, k/ next to voiceless stops and /s/, but not /f/, which becomes /v/ next to these consonants. | ||
#/f, v/ both become stops before /l, r/, /v/ always becomes /b/, and /f/ either becomes /p/ or /b/ | #/f, v/ both become stops before /l, r/, /v/ always becomes /b/, and /f/ either becomes /p/ or /b/. | ||
#It is extremely common to turn word initial /x/ into /k/, roughly 65% to 70% of native speakers do so, and it rather consistently happens in those who do it, though proper names form a major exception to this, for example, "Hémnǫ́dą" ("Heimdall") is almost never pronounced with an initial /k/ by any speaker, this is likely due to people's hesitance to modify names. | #It is extremely common to turn word initial /x/ into /k/, roughly 65% to 70% of native speakers do so, and it rather consistently happens in those who do it, though proper names form a major exception to this, for example, "Hémnǫ́dą" ("Heimdall") is almost never pronounced with an initial /k/ by any speaker, this is likely due to people's hesitance to modify names. | ||
#/v/ is /ʋ/ following a consonant (eg. /Cv/ = /Cʋ/), and for some speakers, word initially | #/v/ is /ʋ/ following a consonant (eg. /Cv/ = /Cʋ/), and for some speakers, word initially. | ||
#Realized as /t, p/ before /n, m/ (as in "ormą" /opmɐ/). Additionally, /rs/ may be realized as [t͡s]. | #Realized as /t, p/ before /n, m/ (as in "ormą" /opmɐ/). Additionally, /rs/ may be realized as [t͡s]. | ||
#All stops have different values when geminated in coda position (Meaning when the geminate isn't split across syllables), they are: | #All stops have different values when geminated in coda position (Meaning when the geminate isn't split across syllables), they are: | ||
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#/f, v/ both become stops before /l, r/, /v/ always becomes /b/, and /f/ either becomes /p/ or /b/. | #/f, v/ both become stops before /l, r/, /v/ always becomes /b/, and /f/ either becomes /p/ or /b/. | ||
#/v/ is realized as /u̯/ between a vowel and consonant (eg. /VvC/ > [Vu̯C], as in "javn" [jau̯n]). | #/v/ is realized as /u̯/ between a vowel and consonant (eg. /VvC/ > [Vu̯C], as in "javn" [jau̯n]). | ||
#Realized as /t, p/ before /n, m/ (as in "ormą" /opmɐ/). Additionally, /rs/ may be realized as [ | #Realized as /t, p/ before /n, m/ (as in "ormą" /opmɐ/). Additionally, /rs/ may be realized as [tʰ]. | ||
#All geminates are realized as short in coda position (Thus "Plýgg" is /plʏy̯ɡ/) | #All geminates are realized as short in coda position (Thus "Plýgg" is /plʏy̯ɡ/) | ||
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| | | | ||
| ɐ(u) | | ɐ(u)¹ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
#Traditionally realized as /au/, but /ɐu/ is becoming exponentially more common every year. | |||
#The vowels in parentheses are when the vowel is long, thus are equivalent to /V(ː)/ in other languages. | #The vowels in parentheses are when the vowel is long, thus are equivalent to /V(ː)/ in other languages. | ||
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==Texts== | ==Texts== | ||
===Drømde mik en drøm i nat=== | ===Drømde mik en drøm i nat=== | ||
'''Original (Old | '''Original (Old Norse)''': | ||
:Drømde mik en drøm i nat um | :'''East''': Drømde mik en drøm i nat um : silki ok ærlik pæl | ||
:'''West''': Dreymða mik (einn?) draum í nátt um : silki ok ærligan feld | |||
''' | '''Hússnorską''': | ||
: | :'''Standard''': Drýmða mik ą drým í nátt um : sýki ók dýran fǿd | ||
::/dryːm.ða mik ɐ dryːm iː naːʰt um : syː.ki oːk dyː.ran føːd/ | |||
:'''Novgorod''': Drýmda mik ą drým í nátt um : sýki ók dýran fǿd | |||
::/dryːm.da mik ɐ dryːm iː naːʰt um : syː.ki oːk dyː.ran føːd/ | |||
:'''Siberia''': Drýmða mik a drým í nátt um : sýki ók dýran fǿd | |||
::/drʏy̯m.ðɐ mɪk ɐ drʏy̯m ɪi̯ nau̯t ʊm : sʏy̯.kɪ o̞u̯k dʏy̯.rɐn fø̞y̯d/ | |||
#"a"/"ą" is a filler syllable to pad the line out, it has no semantic meaning. | |||
'''English''': | '''English''': | ||
:I dreamt a dream last night of | :I dreamt a dream last night of : silk and fine fur. | ||
===UDHR Article 1=== | ===UDHR Article 1=== | ||
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:All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | :All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | ||
''' | '''Hússnorsk''': | ||
:hørą maðą er vrjǭsporinn ók javn ǫðrum virðiggi ók réttum. meðą eru haft jęrki ók suvęsti, ok meðą skulu gert aðran bróðurléki. | :'''Standard''': hørą maðą er vrjǭsporinn ók javn ǫðrum virðiggi ók réttum. meðą eru haft jęrki ók suvęsti, ok meðą skulu gert aðran bróðurléki. | ||
:/xø.rɐ ma.ðɐ er vrjɔs.po.ritn oːk javn ɔð.rum vir.ðiɡ.ɡi oːk reːt.tum me.ðɐ e.ru xaft jɛr.ki oːk su.vɛs.ti ok me.ðɐ sku.lu ɡert að.ran broː.ður.leː.ki/ | ::/xø.rɐ ma.ðɐ er vrjɔs.po.ritn oːk javn ɔð.rum vir.ðiɡ.ɡi oːk reːt.tum me.ðɐ e.ru xaft jɛr.ki oːk su.vɛs.ti ok me.ðɐ sku.lu ɡert að.ran broː.ður.leː.ki/ | ||
:'''Novgorod''': hørą madą er vrjǭsporinn ók javn ǫdrum virdiggi ók réttum. medą eru haft jęrki ók suvęsti, ok medą skulu gert adran bródurléki. | |||
::/xø.rɐ ma.dɐ er vrjɔs.po.ritn oːk jaʋn ɔd.rum vir.diɡ.ɡi oːk reːt.tum me.dɐ e.ru xaft jɛr.ki oːk su.vɛs.ti ok me.dɐ sku.lu ɡert ad.ran broː.dur.leː.ki/ | |||
:'''Siberia''': høra manna er vrjosporinn ok javn onnum virðiggi ok réttum. menna eru haft jerki ok suvesti, ok menna skulu gert annan bróðurléki. | |||
::/xø̞.rɐ mɐn.nɐ e̞r ʋrjo̞s.po̞.rɪn o̞k jau̯n o̞n.nʊm ʋɪr.ðɪɡ.ɡɪ o̞k re̞i̯t.tʊm me̞n.nɐ e̞.rʊ xɐft je̞r.kɪ o̞k sʊ.ʋe̞s.tɪ o̞k me̞n.nɐ skʊ.lʊ ɡe̞rt ɐn.nɐn bro̞u̯.ðʊr.le̞i̯.kɪ/ | |||
''' | '''Literal translation''': | ||
: | :Every human is free-born and the same to others, to value, and to rights. Humans will always have reason and conscience, and humans should (or "must") treat others to brotherhood. | ||
'''Jugsnorsk''': | ===Excerpt from "Appeal to the God-man"=== | ||
: | '''Original (Jugsnorsk)''': | ||
:"ennanum er priða lónina þém[,] es kós þat lívi, ok skót kunna bath[,] at dóðrin sjóv kná vera ódhavnaða. líta þér Guð[,] at () er..." (to be finished) | |||
:/ | ::/e̞n.nɐ.nʊm e̞r prɪ.ðɐ lo̞u̯.nɪ.nɐ θe̞i̯m es ko̞u̯s θɐt lɪi̯.ʋɪ o̞k sko̞u̯t kʊn.nɐ bɐtʰ ɐt do̞u̯ð.rɪn sjo̞u̯ʋ knɐu̯ ʋe̞.rɐ o̞u̯.dʰɐu̯.nɐ.ðɐ/ | ||
''' | '''English''': | ||
: | :"In the end, peace is a reward to those who chose it in life, and you should know best that even the dead can be ever-scorned. I trust your God will guide you towards the right choice, for the best of us both." | ||
==Lexical comparison== | ==Lexical comparison== | ||
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| ǿdą | | ǿdą | ||
| ǿdą | | ǿdą | ||
| | | ǿda | ||
| eldur | | eldur | ||
| eld | | eld | ||
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| nǫs | | nǫs | ||
| nǫs | | nǫs | ||
| nos | |||
| nös | | nös | ||
| nos, näsa | | nos, näsa | ||