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| [[Tigel/Lexicon]]
| | The '''Rencad''' is a region in Txapoalli. |
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| Tigel (/ˈtʰɪgɤˤ/ pronounced "tiggle" in English) is a [[West Talmic languages|West Talmic]] language.
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| 1: cēm- > ciew
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| 2: tithōr > tyσer
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| 3: nazge > nég-L
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| 4: dhaufe > dǿ-L
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| 5: salir > seler
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| 6: stām > stáw
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| 7: rōde > ryøλ-L
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| 8: lorethe > løreσ-L
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| 9: farve > erv-L
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| 10: ħiōr > yør
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| ==Phonology==
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| Tigel phonology is partially based on German, Philadelphia English and Irish.
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| ===Consonants===
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| Tigel has around 20 consonants, like most West Talmic languages.
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="text-align:center;"
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| |+ '''Tigel consonants'''
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Alveolar !! Lateral !! Velar !! Uvular !! Glottal
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"|Nasal
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| | '''m''' /m/|| '''n''' /n/|| || '''ŋ''' /ŋ/ || '''l''' [ɴ] ||
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Stop/Affricate
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| !<small>tenuis</small>
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| | '''b''' /p/ || '''d''' /t/ || || '''g''' /k/|| ||
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| |-
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| !<small>aspirated</small>
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| | '''p''' /pʰ/ || '''t''' /tʰ/ || || '''c''' /kʰ/ || ||
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Fricative
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| !<small>voiceless</small>
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| | '''f''' /f/ || '''s''' /s/ || '''σ''' /ɬ/ || '''ch''' /x/
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| |rowspan="3"| '''r''' /χ~ʁ~ʀ/ || '''h''' /h/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | '''v''' /v/ || '''z''' /z/ || '''λ''' /ɮ/ || '''ğ''' /ɣ/
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| ||
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Trill
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Approximant
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| | '''w''' /w/ || || || || '''l''' /ʟ/ ||
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| |}
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| Notes:
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| *The aspiration distinction is neutralized word-finally.
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| *Unaspirated consonants are half-voiced between vowels.
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| */t, d/ are alveolar for most speakers.
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| */ɬ, ɮ/ are dental [] in the acrolect. They are alveolar [] in regional or basilectal speech.
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| */s, z/ are retracted [s̠, z̠], similar to the Northern/Central Castillan Spanish and Modern Greek counterparts.
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| */ʟ/ is phonetically a pharyngealized uvular approximant [ʁ̞ˤ] or a backed uvular approximant [ʁ̠̞] which may be pronounced with compressed lips [ʁ̞ˤᵝ~ʁ̠̞ᵝ]; the vocalic quality resembles [ɤ]. It is similar to the Philadelphia English vocalized L. The realization [ɴ] may be heard after stressed vowels. (This article uses /ʟ/ for simplicity.)
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| ** It is vocalized in unstressed syllables to [ɤˁ].
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| ** In classical singing and some dialects [ɫ] is used.
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| */ʀ/ is a trill [ʀ] in careful speech. It is a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞] in casual speech which devoices to [χ] word-finally or after an aspirate. The main features distinguishing /ʀ/ from /ʟ/ are greater frication and absence of pharyngealization in the former.
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| ** In classical singing and some dialects [r] is used.
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| ====Initial consonant mutations====
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| The following consonants can undergo initial lenition and/or eclipsis (except sC clusters):
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| |+ '''Consonant mutations'''
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| |-
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| !|Root letter
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| !''m''!!''p''!!''b''!!''f''!!''t''!!''d''!!''s''!!''z''!!''c''!!''g''
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| |-
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| !|Lenited
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| |''w''||''f''||''v''||''0''||''σ''||''λ''||''h''||''0''||''ch''||''ğ''
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| |-
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| !|Eclipsed
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| |''m''||''b''||''m''||''v''||''d''||''n''||''z''||''z''||''g''||''ŋ''
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| |-
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| |}
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| '''ğ''' after a vowel is silent and works like Turkish ''ğ'': before a consonant it lengthens the previous vowel and before a vowel it simply becomes silent.
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| ===Vowels===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
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| |+ '''Tigel vowels'''
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |
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| ! colspan="4" |Front
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| ! colspan="2" |Central
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| ! colspan="3" |Back
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| ! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| ! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| |-
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Close
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| | '''i''' /ɪ/
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| | '''í''' /iː/
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| | '''y''' /ʏ/
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| | '''ý''' /yː/
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| | '''ú''' /ʉː/
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| | '''u''' /ʊ/
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| | '''ul, úl''' /ʊˁː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Mid
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| | '''e''' /ɛ/
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| | '''é''' /eː/
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| | '''ø''' /œ/
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| | '''ǿ''' /øː/
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| | '''e''' /ə/
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| | '''ó''' /ɵː/
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| | '''el''' [ɤˁ]
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| | '''o''' /ɔ/
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| | '''ol, ól''' /ɔˤː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Open
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| | '''á''' /aː/
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| | '''a''' /ɐ/
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| | '''al, ál''' /ɒˁː/
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| |}
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| Diphthongs:
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| '''ie yø uo il/íl yl/ýl el él øl ǿl''' /iə yə uə ɪɤˁ ʏɤˁ ɛɤˁ eɤˁ œɤˁ øɤˁ/
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| ====Notes====
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| =====Close vowels=====
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| */iː/ is close front unrounded [iː].
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| */yː/ is close front rounded [yː]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| */ʉː/ is close central rounded [ʉː]. Its rounding is protruded.
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| */ʊˁː/ is near-close back rounded [ʊ̠ˁː]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| **In careful speech, this is a diphthong [ʊ̠ɤˁ].
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| */ɪ/ is near-close near-front unrounded [ɪ].
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| */ʏ/ is near-close near-front rounded [ʏ]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| */ʊ/ is near-close near-back rounded [ʊ] or back rounded [ʊ̠]. Its rounding is protruded.
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| =====Mid vowels=====
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| */eː/ is close-mid front unrounded [eː].
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| **Some non-standard accents use [eɪ].
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| */øː/ is close-mid near-front rounded [øː]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| **Some non-standard accents use [øʏ].
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| */ɵː/ is somewhat retracted close-mid central rounded [ө̠ː]. Its rounding is protruded.
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| **Some non-standard accents use [өʉ].
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| */ɔˁː/ is open-mid near-back rounded [ɔˁː]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| **In careful speech, this is a diphthong [ʌɤˁ] or [ɔɤˁ].
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| */ɛ/ is open-mid front unrounded [ɛ] or mid near-front unrounded [ɛ̽].
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| */œ/ is open-mid near-front rounded [œ]. Its rounding is compressed.
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| *[ə] is often fronted [ə̟] when word-final.
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| *[ɤˁ] is close-mid compressed pharyngealized [ɤᵝˁ].
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| */ɔ/ is open-mid back rounded [ɔ] or mid back rounded [o̞]. Its rounding is protruded.
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| =====Open vowels=====
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| */ɐ/ is near-open central unrounded [ɐ].
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| */aː/ is open front unrounded front [aː], or near-open front unrounded [æː].
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| */ɒˁː/ is most often phonetically a diphthong [ɒɤˁ] or [äɤˁ].
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| ====Umlaut====
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| Words may undergo i-umlaut or u-umlaut under the addition of some affixes.
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| |+ '''Umlaut'''
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| |-
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| !|Root vowel
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| !''a''!!''a''!!''e''!!''é''!!''i''!!''í''!!''ie''!!''o''!!''ó''!!''u''!!''ú''!!''uo''
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| |-
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| !|u-umlaut
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| |''o''||''ó''||''ø''||''ǿ''||''y''||''ý''||''yø''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''
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| |-
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| !|i-umlaut
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| |''e''||''é''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''ø''||''ǿ''||''y''||''ý''||''yø''
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| |-
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| |}
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| ====L-colored vowels====
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| ==Morphology==
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| ===Nouns===
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| ====Masculine vowel declension====
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| Use ~ AW neuter determiner endings?
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| !colspan="3" |''clúde'' - 'time'
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Number→<br/>State↓
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Singular
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Plural
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| |-
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| !|Indefinite
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| |''clúde-N''||''clúden-H''
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| |-
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| !|Definite
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| |''a chlúde-L''||''clúder''
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| |-
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| !|Construct
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| |''clúdew-L''||''clúder-L''
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| |}
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| ====Masculine consonantal declension====
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| The mutation after the noun surfaces on adjectives and genitive nouns.
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| !colspan="3" |''suor'' - 'house'
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| |-
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Number→<br/>State↓
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Singular
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Plural
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| |-
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| !|Indefinite
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| |''suor-N''||''suore-H''
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| |-
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| !|Definite
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| |''a huor-L''||''suoren''
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| |-
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| !|Construct
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| |''suor-L''||''suorer-L''
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| |}
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| ====Feminine vowel declension====
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| ====Feminine consonant declension====
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| !colspan="3" |''iew'' - 'mother'
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| |-
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Number→<br/>State↓
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Singular
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| !style="width: 100px;"|Plural
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| |-
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| !|Indefinite
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| |''iew''||''iewer''
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| |-
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| !|Definite
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| |''a niew-N''||''a hiew-H''
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| |-
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| !|Construct
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| |''yøw-L''||''yøwen-L''
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| |}
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| ===Adjectives===
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| ===Pronouns===
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| ===Prepositions===
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| Prepositions are inflected, in the ancestor [[Thensarian]].
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| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |-
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| |+ '''Prepositions'''
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| |-
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| !|
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| !1sg!!2sg.m!!2sg.f!!3sg.m!!3sg.f!!1pl.ex!!1pl.in!!2pl!!3pl
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| |-
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| !|''de-L, d'- (before a vowel)'' 'in'
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| |''dien''||''dies''||''dyøs''||''dý''||''dí''||''diew''||''died''||''diech''||''dyør''
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| |-
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| !|''gil'' 'from'
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| |''giln''||''giles''||''gyles''||''gyle''||''gile''||''gilew''||''giled''||''gilech''||''gyler''
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| |}
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| ===Verbs===
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| ===Syntax===
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| ====Conjunctions====
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| *''ir'': and
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| *''aσ'': or
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| *''ach'': but
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| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
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| [[Category:Talmic languages]]
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| [[Category:Quihum languages]]
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| [[Category:Conlangs]]
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