Yeuric: Difference between revisions
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
Yeuric's orthography is notoriously difficult, as it is substantially historic, to the point it seems to have never been updated even once, this results in spellings that are anything but phonemic, take | Yeuric's orthography is notoriously difficult, as it is substantially historic, to the point it seems to have never been updated even once, this results in spellings that are anything but phonemic, take [t͡ʃʷym] which has the spelling "tíuma". | ||
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="text-align: center;" | ||
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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
The basics of Yeuric | The basics of Yeuric grammar are rather easy to follow, being an agglutinative language. | ||
Different parts of speech are formed through different infixes: | Different parts of speech are formed through different infixes: | ||
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:-o- forms copulative verbs | :-o- forms copulative verbs | ||
:-a- forms adverbs (may be changed later) | :-a- forms adverbs (may be changed later) | ||
These infixes function as a form of nonconcatenative morphology, as they cause vowel aternations in the root, rather than adding additional material to it, see "hlawa" /ɬɑu̯/, "to speak" > "hlauwa" /ɬœu̯/, "speech" | |||
Basic verbs form the language's roots, notice how "hlawa" ("to speak") has none of these infixes. | Basic verbs form the language's roots, notice how "hlawa" ("to speak") has none of these infixes. | ||
===Syntax=== | |||
: | Noun incorporation is incredibly common to the extent of seeming almost polysynthetic. For example, "páruḥazaḷapáeruv‧ẉel‧káviḥazaḷateulivṛé?", which means "Won't you take my hand and follow my lead?" (From the song "Whistling Tree", by Haunted Like Human), this breaks down roughly as: | ||
: | :páru⸗ḥa⸗za-páeru⸗ḷa⸗v-ẉel-kávi⸗ḥa⸗za-teuli⸗ḷa⸗v⸗ṛé? | ||
:take⸗fut⸗2.if¹-hand⸗1.gen⸗acc-and-follow⸗fut⸗2.if-guidance⸗1.gen⸗acc⸗ṛé² | |||
#"if" = "informal" | |||
#"‧ṛé " is roughly for "won't?" questions | |||
===Morphology=== | ===Morphology=== | ||
====Nouns==== | ====Nouns==== | ||
{{template:Neo-Yeuric nouns|hlauwa|m=- " | {{template:Neo-Yeuric nouns|hlauwa|t=2|m=- "speech"}} | ||
Noun compounding is common, in modern Yeuric, it functions by cleaving the gender affix off the end of the first component then adding the second component, though the affix is still often written, as in "ẉēirahlauwa". | Noun compounding is common, in modern Yeuric, it functions by cleaving the gender affix off the end of the first component then adding the second component, though the affix is still often written, as in "ẉēirahlauwa". | ||
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*"Ṣáuṛdi" is the name of the great desert on the Yeuran peoples' home planet, but also refers to the Sahara, it's unclear why, but it never takes the definite article. | *"Ṣáuṛdi" is the name of the great desert on the Yeuran peoples' home planet, but also refers to the Sahara, it's unclear why, but it never takes the definite article. | ||
*Some language names take the definite article, such as "ḳoẎarabija", the name for Arabic. | *Some language names take the definite article, such as "ḳoẎarabija", the name for Arabic. | ||
A very significant feature is the double pairing nominative/accusative ''and'' agentive/patientive, these are used within different verbal voices, this is incredibly important to get right. | |||
:nominative/accusative is used in active clauses | |||
:nominative/agentive is used in passive clauses | |||
:agentive/patientive is used in causative clauses | |||
====Verbs==== | ====Verbs==== | ||
Verbs are probably the most complex aspect | Verbs are probably the most complex aspect of Yeuric morphology, being responsible for a large majority of the language's notorious difficulty among L2 learners. | ||
Verbs conjugate for an incredible amount of information, including: | Verbs conjugate for an incredible amount of information, including: | ||
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{{template:Neo-Yeuric pronouns}} | {{template:Neo-Yeuric pronouns}} | ||
As can be seen, all Yeuric pronouns are clitic, with most attaching to the verb, while the genitive attaches to the noun, as in " | As can be seen, all Yeuric pronouns are clitic, with most attaching to the verb, while the genitive attaches to the noun, as in "hlauwaḷa" ("my message"). | ||
Additionally, the noun case affixes can be applied to pronouns (both to the nominative and genitive ones) to convey additional information, as in: | |||
:páruḥazapáeru(v)ḷav | |||
:páru⸗ḥa⸗za-páeru(⸗v)⸗ḷa⸗v | |||
:take⸗fut⸗2.if-hand(⸗acc)⸗1.gen⸗acc | |||
====Adverbs==== | ====Adverbs==== | ||