Guimin/Test Case Sentences: Difference between revisions

(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)

Line 39:

6. Ыг сӯъл ~~та̄тӏ~~ локӏ ~~джэ̄~~.

6. Ыг сӯъл двиъта̄тӏ локӏ.

{{interlinear

|Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ ~~джэ̄~~.

|Ыг сӯъл двиъ-та̄тӏ локӏ.

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining ~~again~~

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun re-do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

The sun is shining again.

Line 1,255:

158. Киттер кьы̄тэ̄тиъ ~~екӏтӏуъ екӏтӏуъ~~.

158. Киттер кьы̄тэ̄тиъ двиъекӏтӏуъ.

{{interlinear

|Китт-ер кьы̄т-э̄тиъ ~~екӏтӏуъ~~ екӏтӏуъ.

|Китт-ер кьы̄т-э̄тиъ двиъ-екӏтӏуъ.

|last-NZ story-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG ~~say.IMP.M.SG~~ say.IMP.M.SG

|last-NZ story-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG re-say.IMP.M.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

Tell the last part of that story again.

Line 1,599:

201.

201. Тӏә̄сы кьы̄тэ̄сы бәч кьӏачӏэ̄сы ик диркӏды нӯъ.

{{interlinear

|

|Тӏә̄сы кьы̄т-э̄сы бәч кьӏачӏ-э̄сы ик диркӏ-ды нӯъ.

|

|3SG.F.{{gcl|EQ|equative}} story-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} {{gcl|SUP|superlative}} funny-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F 1SG.ERG see.INF-CVB yet

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

That is the funniest story I ever heard.

202.

202. Ыг биркэ̄сы ццӏабырэ̄тӏръӣ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ыг бирк-э̄сы ццӏа-бырэ̄тӏ-ръӣ.

|

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} tall-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F F-brother-DAT.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

She is taller than her brother.

203.

203. Ыг ни е ве̄тӏәсы нә̄с.

{{interlinear

|

|Ыг ни е ве̄тӏ-әсы нә̄с.

|

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} NEG COMP wise-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M 1INCL.DAT

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

They are no wiser than we.

204.

204. Ра̄йъ синттӏ е тӏукӏэ̄ воккӏӣ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ра̄йъ синттӏ е тӏукӏ-э̄ воккӏ-ӣ.

|

|light go.PFV.PRES.M.SG COMP fast-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} sound.ERG-DAT.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

Light travels faster than sound.

205.

205. Вӣ зәм е мигъәсы тӏэ̄мәс тиртӏ

{{interlinear

|

|Вӣ зәм е мигъ-әсы тӏэ̄мәс тиртӏ

|

|1INCL.ERG time COMP big-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M 3PL.M.DAT bear.PFV.PRES.M.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

We have more time than they.

206.

206. Гӯ тӏә̄м до̄ттӏэ̄с е мигъэ̄сы дошмәнымәс тәринтӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Гӯ тӏә̄м до̄ттӏ-э̄с е мигъ-э̄сы дошмән-ымәс тәринтӏ.

|

|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} 3SG.F.ERG friend-ABS.PL COMP big-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F enemy-DAT.PL bear.PFV.PRES.F.PL

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

She has more friends than enemies.

207.

207. Ыг муккӏэ̄неәсы биврәсы гӯънтӏ, тӏәпӏыъкчӏиъми гьу тӏәтӏыъкӏми диныргигъ нӯъкӏигъ ортәсы гьу әсәнгәсы гӯънтӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ыг муккӏэ̄не-әсы бивр-әсы гӯънтӏ, тӏә-пӏыъкчӏ-иъми гьу тӏә-тӏыъкӏ-ми дин-рг-игъ нӯъкӏ-игъ орт-әсы гьу әсәнг-әсы гӯънтӏ.

|

|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} poor-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M much-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M be.PFV.PST.M.SG M-wife-COM and M-children-COM house.ERG-DIM-TRANSL low-TRANSL log-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and stone.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.PFV.PST.M.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

He was very poor, and with his wife and five children lived in a little low cabin of logs and stones.

208.

208. Э̄н екӏды ттым, е̄нчӏа̄сәр сар тӏәпаймо̄знӣ ллытӏ пӏыэ̄ тӏәмдэ.

{{interlinear

|

|Э̄н екӏ-ды ттым, е̄н-чӏа̄сәр сар тӏә-паймо̄з-нӣ ллытӏ пӏы-э̄ тӏәм-дэ.

|

|wind.ABS say.INF-CVB when travel-AG wrap M-mantle-DAT.SG put.PFV.PST.N.SG close-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} 3SG.M.ERG-LAT

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

When the wind blew, the traveler wrapped his mantle more closely around him.

209.

209. Ми ым синтӏды вӣцӏ кӏыриъчч.

{{interlinear

|

|Ми ым синтӏ-ды вӣцӏ кӏыриъчч.

|

|1SG.ABS 1INCL.ABS go.INF-CVB know.PFV.PRES.M.SG certain

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

I am sure that we can go.

210.

210. Ы̄в джа̄гдэ вӣ выдэ̄с диркӏды двиъсәнтӏнинтӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ы̄в джа̄г-дэ вӣ выд-э̄с диркӏ-ды двиъ-сәнтӏнинтӏ.

|

|1EXCL.ABS place-LAT 1INCL.ERG rose-ABS.PL see.INF-CVB re-go.PFV.PST.F.PL

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

We went back to the place where we saw the roses.

211.

211. Па̄гцӏа̄сәр кӏо «Сә дыро̄всы биркисы двә̄ виъгьы дикӏы футеисы.»

{{interlinear

|

|Па̄г-цӏа̄сәр кӏо «Сә дыро̄-всы бирк-исы двә̄ виъгьы дикӏы фут-е-исы.»

|

|garden-AG {{gcl|REP|reportatve}}.F DEM tree.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} tall-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N two twenty ten foot-{{gcl|ADJZ|adjectivizer}}-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

"This tree is fifty feet high," said the gardener.

212.

212. Ми вӣдухъды сә пӏайс әдсинтӏитӏиъ о̄мэ̄ әвшэ̄ пӏукӏ минуте.

{{interlinear

|

|Ми вӣд-ухъ-ды сә пӏайс әд-синтӏитӏиъ о̄м-э̄ әвш-э̄ пӏукӏ минут-е.

|

|1SG.ABS know.INF-{{gcl|VALDEC|valency decreaser}}-CVB DEM train ABL-go.PFV.FUT.M.SG day-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} early-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} five minute-{{gcl|ADJZ|adjectivizer}}

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

I think that this train leaves five minutes earlier today.

213.

213. Гьәмәтӏиъсы мәс вә̄лӣ тӏәмӣ тӣтӏиъ гъәфар.

{{interlinear

|

|Гьәмәтӏ-иъсы мәс вә̄лӣ тӏәмӣ тӣтӏиъ гъәфар.

|

|opinion-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 1SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} governor 3SG.M.DAT do.PFV.FUT.M.SG pardon

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

My opinion is that the governor will grant him a pardon.

214.

214. Гӯ нивӣцӏә сә кӏәлъәд синтӏды кӏуэ.

{{interlinear

|

|Гӯ ни-вӣцӏә сә кӏәлъ-әд синтӏ-ды кӏу-э.

|

|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} NEG-know.IPFV.PASS.M.SG 3SG.M.ABS city-ABL go.INF-CVB Q-DAT.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

Why he has left the city is a mystery.

215.

215. Ыг дә̄м тӏырӣ тӏокӏбыд тӏа̄тӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ыг дә̄м тӏырӣ тӏокӏ-быд тӏа̄тӏ.

|

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} house.ABS three road-TERM stand.PFV.PRES.F.SG

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

The house stands where three roads meet.

216.

216. Ыг тӏәм гьарац хин е мигъ әъкьинӣ тыринтӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ыг тӏәм гьарац хин е мигъ әъкь-инӣ тыринтӏ.

|

|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} 3SG.M.ERG money {{gcl|INT|intensive}} COMP big reason-DAT.SG bear.PFV.PRES.N.PL

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

He has far more money than brains.

217.

217. Гӯ сә бә̄буъсы япӏисы ытэ̄л, нидисмәс гьу шо̄кәра̄нэ̄мәс мигъэ̄мәс дэнэкӏды диркӏды.

{{interlinear

|

|Гӯ сә бә̄б-уъсы япӏ-исы ытэ̄л, нид-исмәс гьу шо̄кәра̄н-э̄мәс мигъ-э̄мәс дэ-нэкӏ-ды диркӏ-ды.

|

|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} DEM gate-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} closed-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N never {long grass}-DAT.PL and hemlock-DAT.PL big-DAT.PL.F LAT-grow.INF-CVB see.INF-CVB

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

Evidently that gate is never opened, for the long grass and the great hemlocks grow close against it.

218.

218. Ми кывырг дә̄мыргтиъ дәркӏнинтӏзәм; кӏо әкӏтӏә̄ йә̄р тыринтӏ.

{{interlinear

|

|Ми кыв-рг дә̄м-рг-тиъ дәркӏнинтӏ-зәм; кӏо әкӏтӏә̄ йә̄р тыринтӏ.

|

|1SG.ABS girl-DIM house.ABS-DIM-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG see.PFV.PST.F.PL-RECP {{gcl|REP|reportatve}}.F eight year bear.PFV.PRES.N.PL

||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}

I met a little cottage girl; she was eight years old, she said.

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
-. Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ джэ̄.
+. Ыг сӯъл двиъта̄тӏ локӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|Ыг сӯъл та̄тӏ локӏ джэ̄.
+|Ыг сӯъл двиъ-та̄тӏ локӏ.
-|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining again
+|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} sun re-do.IPFV.NPST.N.SG shining
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 The sun is shining again.
@@ Line 1,255: / Line 1,255: @@
-. Киттер кьы̄тэ̄тиъ екӏтӏуъ екӏтӏуъ.
+. Киттер кьы̄тэ̄тиъ двиъекӏтӏуъ.
 {{interlinear
-|Китт-ер кьы̄т-э̄тиъ екӏтӏуъ екӏтӏуъ.
+|Китт-ер кьы̄т-э̄тиъ двиъ-екӏтӏуъ.
-|last-NZ story-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG say.IMP.M.SG say.IMP.M.SG
+|last-NZ story-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG re-say.IMP.M.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 Tell the last part of that story again.
@@ Line 1,599: / Line 1,599: @@
-.
+. Тӏә̄сы кьы̄тэ̄сы бәч кьӏачӏэ̄сы ик диркӏды нӯъ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Тӏә̄сы кьы̄т-э̄сы бәч кьӏачӏ-э̄сы ик диркӏ-ды нӯъ.
-|
+|3SG.F.{{gcl|EQ|equative}} story-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} {{gcl|SUP|superlative}} funny-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F 1SG.ERG see.INF-CVB yet
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 That is the funniest story I ever heard.
-.
+. Ыг биркэ̄сы ццӏабырэ̄тӏръӣ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ыг бирк-э̄сы ццӏа-бырэ̄тӏ-ръӣ.
-|
+|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} tall-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F F-brother-DAT.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 She is taller than her brother.
-.
+. Ыг ни е ве̄тӏәсы нә̄с.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ыг ни е ве̄тӏ-әсы нә̄с.
-|
+|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} NEG COMP wise-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M 1INCL.DAT
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 They are no wiser than we.
-.
+. Ра̄йъ синттӏ е тӏукӏэ̄ воккӏӣ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ра̄йъ синттӏ е тӏукӏ-э̄ воккӏ-ӣ.
-|
+|light go.PFV.PRES.M.SG COMP fast-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} sound.ERG-DAT.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 Light travels faster than sound.
-.
+. Вӣ зәм е мигъәсы тӏэ̄мәс тиртӏ
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Вӣ зәм е мигъ-әсы тӏэ̄мәс тиртӏ
-|
+|1INCL.ERG time COMP big-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M 3PL.M.DAT bear.PFV.PRES.M.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 We have more time than they.
-.
+. Гӯ тӏә̄м до̄ттӏэ̄с е мигъэ̄сы дошмәнымәс тәринтӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Гӯ тӏә̄м до̄ттӏ-э̄с е мигъ-э̄сы дошмән-ымәс тәринтӏ.
-|
+|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} 3SG.F.ERG friend-ABS.PL COMP big-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.F enemy-DAT.PL bear.PFV.PRES.F.PL
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 She has more friends than enemies.
-.
+. Ыг муккӏэ̄неәсы биврәсы гӯънтӏ, тӏәпӏыъкчӏиъми гьу тӏәтӏыъкӏми диныргигъ нӯъкӏигъ ортәсы гьу әсәнгәсы гӯънтӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ыг муккӏэ̄не-әсы бивр-әсы гӯънтӏ, тӏә-пӏыъкчӏ-иъми гьу тӏә-тӏыъкӏ-ми дин-рг-игъ нӯъкӏ-игъ орт-әсы гьу әсәнг-әсы гӯънтӏ.
-|
+|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} poor-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M much-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.M be.PFV.PST.M.SG M-wife-COM and M-children-COM house.ERG-DIM-TRANSL low-TRANSL log-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and stone.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.PFV.PST.M.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 He was very poor, and with his wife and five children lived in a little low cabin of logs and stones.
-.
+. Э̄н екӏды ттым, е̄нчӏа̄сәр сар тӏәпаймо̄знӣ ллытӏ пӏыэ̄ тӏәмдэ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Э̄н екӏ-ды ттым, е̄н-чӏа̄сәр сар тӏә-паймо̄з-нӣ ллытӏ пӏы-э̄ тӏәм-дэ.
-|
+|wind.ABS say.INF-CVB when travel-AG wrap M-mantle-DAT.SG put.PFV.PST.N.SG close-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} 3SG.M.ERG-LAT
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 When the wind blew, the traveler wrapped his mantle more closely around him.
-.
+. Ми ым синтӏды вӣцӏ кӏыриъчч.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ми ым синтӏ-ды вӣцӏ кӏыриъчч.
-|
+|1SG.ABS 1INCL.ABS go.INF-CVB know.PFV.PRES.M.SG certain
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 I am sure that we can go.
-.
+. Ы̄в джа̄гдэ вӣ выдэ̄с диркӏды двиъсәнтӏнинтӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ы̄в джа̄г-дэ вӣ выд-э̄с диркӏ-ды двиъ-сәнтӏнинтӏ.
-|
+|1EXCL.ABS place-LAT 1INCL.ERG rose-ABS.PL see.INF-CVB re-go.PFV.PST.F.PL
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 We went back to the place where we saw the roses.
-.
+. Па̄гцӏа̄сәр кӏо «Сә дыро̄всы биркисы двә̄ виъгьы дикӏы футеисы.»
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Па̄г-цӏа̄сәр кӏо «Сә дыро̄-всы бирк-исы двә̄ виъгьы дикӏы фут-е-исы.»
-|
+|garden-AG {{gcl|REP|reportatve}}.F DEM tree.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} tall-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N two twenty ten foot-{{gcl|ADJZ|adjectivizer}}-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 "This tree is fifty feet high," said the gardener.
-.
+. Ми вӣдухъды сә пӏайс әдсинтӏитӏиъ о̄мэ̄ әвшэ̄ пӏукӏ минуте.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ми вӣд-ухъ-ды сә пӏайс әд-синтӏитӏиъ о̄м-э̄ әвш-э̄ пӏукӏ минут-е.
-|
+|1SG.ABS know.INF-{{gcl|VALDEC|valency decreaser}}-CVB DEM train ABL-go.PFV.FUT.M.SG day-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} early-{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} five minute-{{gcl|ADJZ|adjectivizer}}
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 I think that this train leaves five minutes earlier today.
-.
+. Гьәмәтӏиъсы мәс вә̄лӣ тӏәмӣ тӣтӏиъ гъәфар.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Гьәмәтӏ-иъсы мәс вә̄лӣ тӏәмӣ тӣтӏиъ гъәфар.
-|
+|opinion-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 1SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} governor 3SG.M.DAT do.PFV.FUT.M.SG pardon
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 My opinion is that the governor will grant him a pardon.
-.
+. Гӯ нивӣцӏә сә кӏәлъәд синтӏды кӏуэ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Гӯ ни-вӣцӏә сә кӏәлъ-әд синтӏ-ды кӏу-э.
-|
+|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} NEG-know.IPFV.PASS.M.SG 3SG.M.ABS city-ABL go.INF-CVB Q-DAT.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 Why he has left the city is a mystery.
-.
+. Ыг дә̄м тӏырӣ тӏокӏбыд тӏа̄тӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ыг дә̄м тӏырӣ тӏокӏ-быд тӏа̄тӏ.
-|
+|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} house.ABS three road-TERM stand.PFV.PRES.F.SG
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 The house stands where three roads meet.
-.
+. Ыг тӏәм гьарац хин е мигъ әъкьинӣ тыринтӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ыг тӏәм гьарац хин е мигъ әъкь-инӣ тыринтӏ.
-|
+|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} 3SG.M.ERG money {{gcl|INT|intensive}} COMP big reason-DAT.SG bear.PFV.PRES.N.PL
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 He has far more money than brains.
-.
+. Гӯ сә бә̄буъсы япӏисы ытэ̄л, нидисмәс гьу шо̄кәра̄нэ̄мәс мигъэ̄мәс дэнэкӏды диркӏды.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Гӯ сә бә̄б-уъсы япӏ-исы ытэ̄л, нид-исмәс гьу шо̄кәра̄н-э̄мәс мигъ-э̄мәс дэ-нэкӏ-ды диркӏ-ды.
-|
+|{{gcl|NWIT|nonwitness}} DEM gate-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} closed-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}.N never {long grass}-DAT.PL and hemlock-DAT.PL big-DAT.PL.F LAT-grow.INF-CVB see.INF-CVB
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 Evidently that gate is never opened, for the long grass and the great hemlocks grow close against it.
-.
+. Ми кывырг дә̄мыргтиъ дәркӏнинтӏзәм; кӏо әкӏтӏә̄ йә̄р тыринтӏ.
 {{interlinear
-|
+|Ми кыв-рг дә̄м-рг-тиъ дәркӏнинтӏ-зәм; кӏо әкӏтӏә̄ йә̄р тыринтӏ.
-|
+|1SG.ABS girl-DIM house.ABS-DIM-{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}}.SG see.PFV.PST.F.PL-RECP {{gcl|REP|reportatve}}.F eight year bear.PFV.PRES.N.PL
 ||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
 I met a little cottage girl; she was eight years old, she said.