Poccasin English: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| name=Poccasin English | | name=Poccasin English | ||
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* Lack of aspiration: Although not phonemic in English, plosives are usually still aspirated at the beginning of words in most varieties of English. This is however altogether absent in Poccasin English apart from in very high-class dialects. | * Lack of aspiration: Although not phonemic in English, plosives are usually still aspirated at the beginning of words in most varieties of English. This is however altogether absent in Poccasin English apart from in very high-class dialects. | ||
** A Poccasin English speaker who strongly aspirates their initial plosives in order to deliberately sound high class or distinguish themselves from working class speakers is called a ''puffer''. | ** A Poccasin English speaker who strongly aspirates their initial plosives in order to deliberately sound high class or distinguish themselves from working class speakers is called a ''puffer''. | ||
* | * [[w:Betacism|Betacism]]: /v/ is realized as /b/ in all positions, so ''bat'' and ''vat'' become homophones. | ||
* Variability of /f/: /f/ is fairly unstable in even standard Poccasin English; the most common realizations vary from the [[w:Bilabial fricative|bilabial]] /ɸ/ to true [[w:Labiodental fricative|labiodental]] /f/, but it has also been recorded to range as far back as a [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|glottal]] /h/ or may be omitted entirely, especially in casual, colloquial speech. | * Variability of /f/: /f/ is fairly unstable in even standard Poccasin English; the most common realizations vary from the [[w:Bilabial fricative|bilabial]] /ɸ/ to true [[w:Labiodental fricative|labiodental]] /f/, but it has also been recorded to range as far back as a [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|glottal]] /h/ or may be omitted entirely, especially in casual, colloquial speech. | ||
Another notable phonological feature of Poccasin English is, similarly to [[Bemé]], the lack of phonemic [[w:Voiced fricative|voiced fricatives]] such as the /z/ or /ʒ/ in ''zoo'' and ''vision''. | Another notable phonological feature of Poccasin English is, similarly to [[Bemé]], the lack of phonemic [[w:Voiced fricative|voiced fricatives]] such as the /z/ or /ʒ/ in ''zoo'' and ''vision''. | ||
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* Affricatisation of /ʒ/: /ʒ/ is [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|affricatised]] to /dʒ/, so ''ager'' and ''Asia'' can become homophones. | * Affricatisation of /ʒ/: /ʒ/ is [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|affricatised]] to /dʒ/, so ''ager'' and ''Asia'' can become homophones. | ||
The [[w:Rhoticity in English|rhoticity]] of Poccasin English is variable; see the [[#Rhoticity|corresponding section]] for more. | The [[w:Rhoticity in English|rhoticity]] of Poccasin English is variable; see the [[#Rhoticity|corresponding section]] for more. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | ||
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Poccasin English is notable among most standard dialects of English for largely resisting the [[w:English-language vowel changes before historic /r/#Horse–hoarse merger|{{sc|horse}}-{{sc|hoarse}} merger]], (also called the {{sc|north}}-{{sc|force}} merger) instead pronouncing the {{sc|horse}} class as /ɔɹ/ (occasionally in some working class accents as /oə̯/ or /oi̯/) and the {{sc|hoarse}} set as /uɹ/, which is contrasted with the /ʊər/ diaphoneme that is always pronounced non-rhotically as /uə̯/ or /ua̯/. The only exception to this rule is the conjunction {{l|en|or}}, which is largely always pronounced /ɔ~o/. | Poccasin English is notable among most standard dialects of English for largely resisting the [[w:English-language vowel changes before historic /r/#Horse–hoarse merger|{{sc|horse}}-{{sc|hoarse}} merger]], (also called the {{sc|north}}-{{sc|force}} merger) instead pronouncing the {{sc|horse}} class as /ɔɹ/ (occasionally in some working class accents as /oə̯/ or /oi̯/) and the {{sc|hoarse}} set as /uɹ/, which is contrasted with the /ʊər/ diaphoneme that is always pronounced non-rhotically as /uə̯/ or /ua̯/. The only exception to this rule is the conjunction {{l|en|or}}, which is largely always pronounced /ɔ~o/. | ||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
{{construction}} | |||
Poccasin English incorporates various coinages and loanwords that are unique to the dialect or are only relevant in the context of the Poccasin Federation or Archipelago. These lexico-semantic innovations tend to have variable, unstandardised and typically eye dialect spellings. | Poccasin English incorporates various coinages and loanwords that are unique to the dialect or are only relevant in the context of the Poccasin Federation or Archipelago. These lexico-semantic innovations tend to have variable, unstandardised and typically eye dialect spellings. | ||
* '''''Cassinglish''''': the endonym of Poccasin English, most commonly used among Poccasin English speakers themselves to refer to the dialect. Compound of ''(Po)ccasin'' + ''English''. | * '''''Cassinglish''''': the endonym of Poccasin English, most commonly used among Poccasin English speakers themselves to refer to the dialect. Compound of ''(Po)ccasin'' + ''English''. | ||
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* ''pulpee'': a reference to {{pulp}} (1994), a phenomenon that is widespread in Poccasin popular culture due to the popularity of the film. | * ''pulpee'': a reference to {{pulp}} (1994), a phenomenon that is widespread in Poccasin popular culture due to the popularity of the film. | ||
* ''Binsencha'' or ''Vincentcha'': Vincent Vega's (played by [[w:John Travolta|John Travolta]]) haircut. By extension, a [[w:Jheri curl|Jheri curl]] such as the one worn by Jules Winnfield ([[w:Samuel L. Jackson|Samuel L. Jackson]]) is called a ''Julesie'' or ''Joolsie''. | * ''Binsencha'' or ''Vincentcha'': Vincent Vega's (played by [[w:John Travolta|John Travolta]]) haircut. By extension, a [[w:Jheri curl|Jheri curl]] such as the one worn by Jules Winnfield ([[w:Samuel L. Jackson|Samuel L. Jackson]]) is called a ''Julesie'' or ''Joolsie''. | ||
* ''caddy'': car. Borrowed from Bemé and originally derived from a clipping of {{l|en|Cadillac}} (En. ''Cadillac'' > Bm. {{l|beme|kadilak}} > {{l|beme|kadi}} > ''caddy''). | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Dialects]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Dialects]] | ||