Minhast: Difference between revisions

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! Distributed-Periodic

| -(a)x-

|-

! Iterative 2

| -(a)š-<ref>For numeric roots only</ref>

|-

! Partial Completion

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! rowspan="9" |Evidentials

! Factive

| -∅- -ne -št(a)- -štanne

| -∅- -ne- -št(a)- -štanne-

| Referred to as the Gnomic, Aorist, and Neutral in other comparative linguistics material, the term Factive is used due to the influence of Iroquoian linguistic literature, since early treatises of Minhast were conducted by experts in the Iroquoian languages, who noticed structural and typological similarities between the two otherwise different language groups.

|-

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! rowspan="4" |Miratives

! Unexpected

| -kil- -kila

| -kil- -kila-

| Indicates the verb is a sudden, unexpected event or state. The second form occurs in verb-final position.

|-

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# *Wakektaltahan (Intended: "Your horse")

In Modern Standard Minhast, the verb ''ittaħšu'' "to take" can secondarily mean "to have". Amongst younger speakers, the secondary meaning has actually eclipsed the original meaning. Because of this semantic bleaching, the Durative affix is now added to the verb stem to convey the meaning "to have", as in ''iħtašittaħšu'', whilst the Semelfactive, as in ''minnittaħšu'', is used by these speakers too convey "to take", displacing its original meaning, "~~too~~ seize".

In Modern Standard Minhast, the verb ''ittaħšu'' "to take" can secondarily mean "to have". Amongst younger speakers, the secondary meaning has actually eclipsed the original meaning. Because of this semantic bleaching, the Durative affix is now added to the verb stem to convey the meaning "to have", as in ''iħtašittaħšu'', whilst the Semelfactive, as in ''minnittaħšu'', is used by these speakers too convey "to take", displacing its original meaning, "to seize".

For animate possessa, the verb ''rununk-'' (to guide, to command) is used, but there is a noticeable avoidance of it for humans or other high agency nouns:

@@ Line 1,917: / Line 1,917: @@
 ! Distributed-Periodic
 | -(a)x-
+|-
+! Iterative 2
+| -(a)š-<ref>For numeric roots only</ref>
 |-
 ! Partial Completion
@@ Line 2,075: / Line 2,078: @@
 ! rowspan="9" |Evidentials
 ! Factive
-| -∅- <br/>-ne <br/>-št(a)-<br/>-štanne
+| -∅- <br/>-ne- <br/>-št(a)-<br/>-štanne-
 | Referred to as the Gnomic, Aorist, and Neutral in other comparative linguistics material, the term Factive is used due to the influence of Iroquoian linguistic literature, since early treatises of Minhast were conducted by experts in the Iroquoian languages, who noticed structural and typological similarities between the two otherwise different language groups.
 |-
@@ Line 2,112: / Line 2,115: @@
 ! rowspan="4" |Miratives
 ! Unexpected
-| -kil- <br/> -kila
+| -kil- <br/> -kila-
 | Indicates the verb is a sudden, unexpected event or state.  The second form occurs in verb-final position.
 |-
@@ Line 3,230: / Line 3,233: @@
 # *Wakektaltahan (Intended: "Your horse")
-In Modern Standard Minhast, the verb ''ittaħšu'' "to take" can secondarily mean "to have".  Amongst younger speakers, the secondary meaning has actually eclipsed the original meaning.  Because of this semantic bleaching, the Durative affix is now added to the verb stem to convey the meaning "to have", as in ''iħtašittaħšu'', whilst the Semelfactive, as in ''minnittaħšu'', is used by these speakers too convey "to take", displacing its original meaning, "too seize".
+In Modern Standard Minhast, the verb ''ittaħšu'' "to take" can secondarily mean "to have".  Amongst younger speakers, the secondary meaning has actually eclipsed the original meaning.  Because of this semantic bleaching, the Durative affix is now added to the verb stem to convey the meaning "to have", as in ''iħtašittaħšu'', whilst the Semelfactive, as in ''minnittaħšu'', is used by these speakers too convey "to take", displacing its original meaning, "to seize".
 For animate possessa, the verb ''rununk-'' (to guide, to command) is used, but there is a noticeable avoidance of it for humans or other high agency nouns: