Zinou Creole: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction | ==Introduction== | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!i | !i | ||
|i | |i ee y | ||
!u | !u | ||
|ou | |ou oo ù | ||
!u̯e | !u̯e | ||
| | |oë we | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|Man | |Man | ||
|M' | |M' | ||
|Yi | |Yi, Yee, Ye | ||
|Myan, Mian, Mïan | |Myan, Mian, Mïan | ||
|Myen, Mien, Mïen | |Myen, Mien, Mïen | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!2nd Person | !2nd Person | ||
| | |Tou | ||
|T' | |T' | ||
|Yek | |Yek | ||
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|Tyen, Tien, Tïen | |Tyen, Tien, Tïen | ||
|Toi, Twa | |Toi, Twa | ||
|Nafsek, Nafcek | |Nafsek, Nafcek | ||
|Hàlek | |Hàlek, Hâlek | ||
|- | |- | ||
!3rd Person | !3rd Person | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!3rd Person | !3rd Person | ||
| | |Hinne | ||
|H' | |H' | ||
|Ihom | |Ihom | ||
|Yan | |Yan | ||
|Yen | |Yen | ||
|Eux | |Eux | ||
|Nafsom | |Nafsom | ||
|Hàlom, Hâlom, | |Hàlom, Hâlom, | ||
|} | |} | ||
''' | |||
Subject pronouns indicate who or what performs the verb's action. They come in paired forms: Isolated ('''Izolé''') and Enclitic ('''Mottasèl'''), with no grammatical difference and are used the same way. Enclitic forms are primarily used when the following word begins with a vowel, y, or w. | |||
* '''M''''a étud kimya, fizya y biologia "I've studied chemistry, physics & biology." | |||
* '''Li''' 3ando maïl à trichant "He has a penchant for cheating." | |||
Object pronouns indicate the direct object of a transitive verb (similar to Englishː "me", "you," "him", etc.) If an object pronoun is used, then it is placed in between the subject & the verb, forming an SOV sentence. This remains unchanged even if tense particles appear in a sentence. | |||
* M’'''ya''' andåm "I put her to sleep." | |||
* M’'''ya''' ro andåm "I’ll put her to sleep." | |||
Possessive pronouns indicate ownership and replace noun phrases. They stand alone and don't need to be followed by a noun. The possessive pronoun must agree to the grammatical number of the object being owned, whether implied or stated. | |||
* çé ta zæhré ou '''mian'''? "Is this your flower or mine?" | |||
* çé ta lé zæhré ou '''mien'''? "Are these your flowers or mine?" | |||
Disjunctive pronouns are the strong forms of pronouns, used for emphasis or on their own. They serve various functions and are used in the following situations: | |||
# as objects of prepositions: | |||
# in dislocated positionsː | |||
# in cleft sentences: | |||
# in compound noun phrases: | |||
# as emphatic subjectsː | |||
# as objects of verbs in the imperativeː "'''don moi'''." Give me. | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||