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Oriente: Difference between revisions

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Oriente is a language in an alternate world where the Roman Empire never split into East and West and was never fully conquered by barbarians, spoken by people in Southeastern Germania, mostly in Austro-Germania. It was formed as a ''lingua franca'' between the many Celtic towns that mixed their own tribal languages with Latin.
Oriente is a language in an alternate world where the Roman Empire never split into East and West and was never fully conquered by barbarians, spoken by people in Southeastern Germania, mostly in Austro-Germania. It was formed as a ''lingua franca'' between the many Celtic towns that mixed their own tribal languages with Latin.
== Phonology ==
== Phonology and Orthography ==
== Orthography ==
Oriente uses 24 Latin letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, X, Y, and Z.
Oriente uses 24 Latin letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, X, Y, and Z.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Letter(s) !! IPA !! Notes
|-
| A || /a/ || between f'''a'''ther and c'''a'''t
|-
| AE || /ai̯/ || as in g'''uy''', fl'''igh'''t
|-
| AU || /au̯/ || as in c'''ow'''
|-
| B || /b/ ||
|-
| C || /k/ || as in '''c'''at
|-
| CH || /x/ || as in Scottish lo'''ch'''
|-
| D || /d/ || Example
|-
| E || /e/ || as in '''e'''gg
|-
| EI || /ei̯/ || as in pl'''ay'''
|-
| F || /f/ ||
|-
| G || /g/ || as in g'''oal'''
|-
| H || /h/ || as in '''h'''ouse
|-
| I || /i/, /ɪ/, /j/ || as in k'''ee'''p, sometimes as in h'''i'''t, as in '''y'''es at start of word
|-
| K || /k/ ||
|-
| L || /l/ ||
|-
| M || /m/ ||
|-
| N || /n/ || as in '''n'''ight
|-
| O || /o/ || as in g'''o'''
|-
| P || /p/ ||
|-
| QU || /kʷ || as in '''qu'''een
|-
| R || /r/ || as in '''r'''ock, usually untrilled
|-
| S || /s~ʃ/ || as in '''s'''ea, sometimes gliding into '''sh'''e
|-
| T || /t/, /θ/ || as in '''t'''ie, sometimes '''th'''ick in loanwords
|-
| U || /u/, /ʊ/ || as in l'''oo'''p, sometimes as in p'''u'''t
|-
| V || /v/ ||
|-
| X || /ks/ || as in bo'''x'''
|-
| Y || /i/, /ɪ/, /j/ || exact same as I, less common replacement
|-
| Z || /z/ ||
|}


== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==
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Oriente has 2 genders (Common and Neuter), 4 cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, and Dative), and 2 numbers (singular and plural).
Oriente has 2 genders (Common and Neuter), 4 cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, and Dative), and 2 numbers (singular and plural).
==== The Common Gender ====
==== The Common Gender ====
The Common Gender is a merger and simplification of Latin's Masculine and Feminine genders.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!!! o-stem !! pl !! u-stem !! pl
!!! o-stem !! pl !! i-stem !! pl !! u-stem !! pl
|-
| Nominative || servum || servos || principium || principios || bellum || bellua
|-
| Genitive || servi || servorum || principii || principium || belli || bellurum
|-
| Accusative || servum || servos || principium || principios || bellum || bellua
|-
| Dative || servo || servis || principio || principibus || bellu || bellus
|}
===== Irregular Noun: ''tempus'' =====
These are the declensions of the o-stem neuter noun meaning "time". This also applies to the nouns ''corpus'', ''onus'', and''opus''.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!!! singular !! plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || servo || servos || bellum || bellua
| Nom || tempus || tempos
|-
|-
| Genitive || servi || servorum || belli || bellurum
| Gen || tempori || temporum
|-
|-
| Accusative || servo || servos || bellum || bellua
| Acc || tempus || tempos
|-
|-
| Dative || servo || servis || bellum || bellis
| Dat || tempo || temporis
|}
|}
=== Pronouns ===
=== Pronouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Personal Pronouns
|+ Personal Pronouns
!!! 1st sg !! 1st pl !! 2nd sg !! 2nd pl !! 3rd sg (common) !! (feminine<ref>"Feminine" pronouns can only refer to female people, or sometimes female animals</ref>) !! (neuter) !! 3rd pl !! indefinite
!!! 1st sg !! 1st pl !! 2nd sg !! 2nd pl !! 3rd sg (common) !! (feminine)<ref>"Feminine" pronouns can only refer to female people, or sometimes female animals</ref> !! (neuter) !! 3rd pl !! indefinite
|-
|-
| Nominative || iho || ni || ti || vi || is || ea || id || si || one ||
| Nominative || iho || ni || ti || vi || is || ea || id || si || one
|-
|-
| Genitive || mi-<ref>Genitive pronouns act as adjectives, declining for their head nouns in the same way</ref> || nostr- || tu- || vostr- || i- || i- || i- || si- || onis
| Genitive || mi-<ref>Genitive pronouns act as adjectives, declining for their head nouns in the same way</ref> || nostr- || tu- || vostr- || i- || i- || i- || si- || onis
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|-
|-
| Dative || mihi || nis || tibi || vis || ii || eae || id || siis || oni
| Dative || mihi || nis || tibi || vis || ii || eae || id || siis || oni
 
|}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Demonstratives
|+ Demonstratives
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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|+ Normal Adjective Declensions
!!! Common sg !! Common pl !! Neuter sg !! Neuter pl
!!! Common sg !! Common pl !! Neuter sg !! Neuter pl
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| Dative || primi || primibus || primo/um || primis
| Dative || primi || primibus || primo/um || primis
|}
==== Articles ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ Definite Article
!!! Common sg !! Common pl !! Neuter sg !! Neuter pl
|-
| Nominative || die ||dies || dio/um || dios
|-
| Genitive || deis || dierum || dei || diorum
|-
| Accusative || diem || dies || dio/um || dios
|-
| Dative || dei || deis || dio/um || deis
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ Indefinite Article
!!! Common sg !! Neuter sg !! pl
|-
| Nominative || ine || inum || ⸺
|-
| Genitive || ⸺ || ⸺ || ⸺
|-
| Accusative || inem || inum || ⸺
|-
| Dative || ini || inum || ⸺
|}
=== Verbs ===
Verbs conjugate based on tense (pluperfect, perfect, imperfect, present, future, and future perfect), voice (active and passive), person (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), and number (singular and plural). 2nd person singular and 2nd person plural verbs are exactly the same. There is also an imperative aspect with only three forms.
==== Imperative Aspect ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!!! Singular !! Plural
|-
| 1st person || ⸺ || ameamus
|-
| 2nd person || ama || amate
|}
== Example Texts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ The Lord's Prayer
|-
! Oriente !! English
|-
| Patre Nostre, quae is in chaelo,|| Our Father, who art in heaven,
|-
| Sanctifetur nomine tue. || Hallowed be thy name.
|-
| Veniat rechnum tuum, || Thy kingdom come,
|-
| Fertiat voluntat tue, || Thy will be done,
|-
| Ut in caelo et quoque an terrae. || On earth as it is in heaven.
|-
|}
|}
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