Verse:Mwail/Qua: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{Infobox language | ||
|image = | |||
|imagesize = | |||
|creator = [[User:IlL|Inthar]] | |||
|name = {{SUBPAGENAME}} | |||
|nativename = Qua kī̄ | |||
|pronunciation=qɨɑ̯˧ ki˥ | |||
|setting = [[Verse:Angai]] | |||
|region = | |||
|familycolor=hmong-mien | |||
|fam1=Keric | |||
|iso3= | |||
|notice=IPA | |||
}} | |||
:''This concerns one of many timelines for Angai.'' | |||
'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (natively ''Qua kī̄'' /qɨɑ̯˧ ki˥/) is an analytic monosyllabic tonal language with 12 tones: 5 level tones, 3 rising tones, 3 falling tones, and 1 glottalized tone. It is head-final and SVO. | |||
{{SUBPAGENAME}} is inspired by East and Southeast Asian tonal languages, Ojitlán Chinantec, Toda, and Saanich. | |||
The native {{SUBPAGENAME}} orthography is a deep one (like Tibetan's). | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
The following is the phonology of Standard | The following is the phonology of Standard {{SUBPAGENAME}}. | ||
=== Phonotactics === | === Phonotactics === | ||
A morpheme is almost always monosyllabic. A syllable always has the structure IR<sup>T</sup>, where I = initial, R = rime, and T = tone. {{SUBPAGENAME}} has | A morpheme is almost always monosyllabic. A syllable always has the structure IR<sup>T</sup>, where I = initial, R = rime, and T = tone. {{SUBPAGENAME}} has 43 initials, 9 rimes, and 11 tones, making 4257 theoretical syllables. However, not every rime-tone combination is actually allowed. | ||
=== Rimes === | === Rimes === | ||
i/e/ə/ɑ/ej/əj/ɑj/ | i/e/ə/ɑ/ej/əj/ɑj/iɑ̯/ɨɑ̯ | ||
'''i/e/ə/a/ey/əy/ay/ea/ua''' | '''i/e/ə/a/ey/əy/ay/ea/ua''' | ||
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=== Initials === | === Initials === | ||
43 initials | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 700px; text-align:center; | |||
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | | ||
! rowspan="2" |Bilabial | ! rowspan="2" |Bilabial | ||
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| '''tr''' /ʈ/ | | '''tr''' /ʈ/ | ||
| '''tsr''' /ʈʂ/ | | '''tsr''' /ʈʂ/ | ||
| | | '''tx''' /tʃ/ | ||
| '''c''' /c/ | | '''c''' /c/ | ||
| '''k''' /k/ | | '''k''' /k/ | ||
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| /˥/ (55) | | /˥/ (55) | ||
| top | | top | ||
| '' | | ''qā̄'' /qɑ˥/ 'short' | ||
| Often marked by stiff voice. | | Often marked by stiff voice. | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| /˦/ (44) | | /˦/ (44) | ||
| high | | high | ||
| '' | | ''qā'' /qɑ˦/ 'coat' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| /˧/ (33) | | /˧/ (33) | ||
| mid | | mid | ||
| '' | | ''qa'' /qɑ˧/ 'to take' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| /˨/ (22) | | /˨/ (22) | ||
| low | | low | ||
| '' | | ''qa̱'' /qɑ˨/ 'to burn (intrans.)' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| /˩/ (11) | | /˩/ (11) | ||
| bottom | | bottom | ||
| '' | | ''qa̱̱'' /qɑ˩/ 'to exhale' | ||
| Often marked by vocal fry. | | Often marked by vocal fry. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''a̗''' | | '''a̗''' | ||
| / | | /˨˦/ (24) | ||
| | | mid-rise | ||
| '' | | ''qa̗'' /qɑ˨˦/ 'roof' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''á''' | | '''á''' | ||
| /˧˥/ (35) | | /˧˥/ (35) | ||
| | | high-rise | ||
| '' | | ''qá'' /qɑ˧˥/ 'fencepost' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''à''' | | '''à''' | ||
| / | | /˥˧/ (53) | ||
| | | high-fall | ||
| '' | | ''qà'' /qɑ˥˧/ 'crow, raven; (ideophone) caw' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''a̖''' | | '''a̖''' | ||
| /˧˩/ (31) | | /˧˩/ (31) | ||
| | | low-fall | ||
| '' | | ''qa̖'' /qɑ˧˩/ 'finger' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''' | | '''a{{cdb}}''' | ||
| / | | /˩˨/ (12) | ||
| | | low-rise | ||
| '' | | ''qa{{cdb}}'' /qɑ˩˨/ 'oil, fat, grease' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''â''' | | '''â''' | ||
| / | | /˦˨/ (42) | ||
| | | mid-fall | ||
| '' | | ''qâ'' /qɑ˦˨/ 'to imprint, to stamp' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
| '''a{{hoi}}''' | |||
| /11ʔ/ (11) | |||
| stop | |||
| ''qa{{hoi}}'' /qɑ11ʔ/ '<i>Ulva lactuca</i>' | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
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!C (fricative coda) (1/5) | !C (fricative coda) (1/5) | ||
!D (voiceless stop coda) (1/5) | !D (voiceless stop coda) (1/5) | ||
|- | |||
!Glottalized initial (2/8) | |||
|53 (à) | |||
|44 (ā) | |||
|11 (a̱̱) | |||
|55 (ā̄) | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Modal initial (3/8) | !Modal initial (3/8) | ||
|33 (a) | |33 (a) | ||
| | |12 (a{{cdb}}) | ||
|22 (a̱) | |22 (a̱) | ||
|35 (á) | |35 (á) | ||
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!Breathy initial (3/8) | !Breathy initial (3/8) | ||
|31 (a̖) | |31 (a̖) | ||
| | |24 (a̗) | ||
| | |42 (â) | ||
| | |11ʔ (a{{hoi}}) | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | == Dialects == | ||
[[Category:Angai]] | [[Category:Angai]] | ||