Verse:Mwail/Irenesian languages: Difference between revisions

← Older edit

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-In [[Verse:Angai]], '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''ry lleqâs Dylethyzz'') is an extremely conservative Trans-Sarnathian language (branch of the Akya-Woms family including [[Zzean]]) with a Welsh-like grammar and aesthetic. Dylathian and its closest relatives are spoken in the Dylathian plateau and the Sarnathian mountain range in the borderlands of Aem-Zmaə, which contains Mt. ___, the highest mountain in Angai. Like its neighboring relatives, Dylathian is considered vital for reconstructing the early history of the Trans-Sarnathian branch.
+{{List subpages}}
+The '''Irenesian languages''' are a large language family mainly spoken in Mwail Asia. It includes some of the largest languages,such as [[Verse:Mwail/Ernish|Ernish]].
-Standard Dylathian is the liturgical language of ___ (Tibetan Buddhism clone).
+The Irenesian urheimat is thought to have been Taiwan. The family is inspired by Austronesian and Semitic.
+== Todo ==
+== Family tree ==
+* Irenesian
+** [[Verse:Mwail/Erno-Kawenic languages|Erno-Kawenic]]
+** Dhasrawitic
+*** Lhabhdweni
+*** [[Verse:Mwail/Dhasrawita|Dhasrawita]]
+** Hirbic
+*** Len!ir
+** Irenic
+*** Dosubian
+** West Sadhcevan
+** East Sadhcevan
+** Antipodean
 == Phonology ==
-Generally Welshy phonology but with ejectives and affricates; penultimate stress with vowel alternations attesting to earlier ultimate stress
 === Consonants ===
-* '''m n l r ll rh''' /m n l r (Welsh ll) (Welsh rh)/
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
-* '''b d dz g gw''' /p t ts k kw/
+|-
-* '''p t tz c cw''' /ph th tsh kh kwh/
+! colspan="2" |
-* '''pq tq tzq cq cwq ''' /p' t' ts' k' kw'/
+! | Labial
-* '''ff th z s ch chw h q'''  /f θ s s{{ret}} x xw h ʔ/
+! | Coronal
-* '''f dd zz w''' /v ð z w/
+! | Palatal
+! | Velar
+|-
+! colspan="2" | Nasal
+| '''m''' /m/
+| '''n''' /n/
+|
+| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
+|-
+! rowspan="3" | Stop
+! | plain
+| '''p''' /p/
+| '''t''' /t/
+|
+| '''k''' /k/
+|-
+! | voiced
+| '''b''' /b/
+| '''d''' /d/
+|
+| '''g''' /g/
+|-
+! | ejective
+| '''pʼ''' /pʼ/
+| '''tʼ''' /tʼ/
+|
+| '''kʼ''' /kʼ/
+|-
+! colspan="2" | Fricative
+|
+| '''s''' /s{{ret}}/
+|
+|
+|-
+! colspan="2" | Resonant
+|
+| '''r''' /r/, '''l''' /l/
+| '''y''' /j/
+| '''w''' /w/
+|}
-* ff th ch chw ll rh are weakly glottalized
+=== Vowels ===
+ă a e i o u
-=== Vowels ===
+No diphthongs; hiatus is permitted
-'''i e u y a w o''' /i e ɨ ə a u o/; long '''î ê û ŷ â ŵ ô'''
+Aim for Semito-Tagalog aesthetic words
 == Grammar ==
-"Colloquial Welsh with classifiers"
+=== Typological overview ===
-=== Nouns ===
+Syntactically "Arabic but Austronesian"
-Most nouns have an unmarked form and a marked form that is only used for indefinite singular nouns. For the definite article, the appropriate classifier is used; the number is marked on the classifier.
-=== Numerals ===
+Proto-Irenesian had a system of symmetrical voice ("Austronesian alignment") with three cases:
-There is no isolated word for "one". When counting you use a word that was formerly "once/an occurrence" (cf. Slavic '''raz''' dva tri...). Otherwise, the singular indefinite form of the noun in question is used, when necessary emphasized with __ 'only'.
+# direct case: the syntactic subject. The verb's voice may promote the direct object to the syntactic subject, or it may promote the indirect object.
+# indirect case: the most significant argument that is not the subject (the non-subject agent or the non-subject patient).
+# genitive case: possessors and prepositional complements.
+Proto-Irenesian syntax is VSO and head-initial, but with some tendency to be topic-prominent (unlike Goidelic). Here S is the syntactic subject marked with the direct case.
+(Many daughter languages are SVO and head-initial-ish. Kawenic which has a Finnic-like grammar is an exception.)
+=== Nouns and adjectives ===
+Nouns inflect for case and number, and adjectives agree with nouns in case and number.
+==== Declension ====
+* direct: -0
+* indirect: -ăl
+* genitive: -ăm
+==== Possessive suffixes ====
-=== TAM auxiliaries ===
-Inflected for person and number (inherited from Proto-Trans-Sarnathian)
 === Verbs ===
-The word order is "T1 S T2 V O".
+==== Triggers ====
+=== Classifiers ===
+Classifiers are morphologically nouns, but a few have suppletive plural forms.
+There could be some dialectal variation in classifiers
+* nawil, pl. ike: generic things
+* soŋi, pl. oru: people
+* p'asur: big animals
+* wipi: small animals
+* mosat: flat sheets
+* keron: trees and bushes
+* yuŋos: herbaceous plants
+* bawăd: flowers, bunches of fruit
+* tiŋa: long thin rigid objects, paths, ways things are done (e.g. languages)
+* wasik: long thin flexible objects
+* ut’uop: fruits, roughly spherical things
+* tul: circles, rings
+* ŋes: buildings
+* p'odal: vehicles
+* lăep: marks, like written characters, wounds, …
+* rukir: places
+* uta: events; verbal nouns tend to take this classifier
+=== Ideophones ===
+* ŋubeŋube ‘sluggish’
+=== Derivation ===