Æ: Difference between revisions

(59 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)

Line 1:

~~:[[Æ/Lexicon]]~~

'''{{~~PAGENAME~~}}''' (natively ''~~jạrˀ~~ Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is an [[Verse:~~Angai~~|~~Angai~~]]an monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese ~~(and the name is inspired by the real-world E language)~~. It belongs to the ~~Aem~~-~~Zrâtt~~ language family.

'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrq Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is a [[Verse:Tricin|Trician]] monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese. It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family. It is spoken in the country of ''Ta{{cdb}}j Vŭ{{tilde}}r'' (lit. the northern land).

{{SUBPAGENAME}} used to be written in a native logography, but today it uses an initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system; the newer orthography is natively named after Lád Ăr Tå{{acute}}vq, who published a large volume of poetry using the system.

== Todo ==

Morph into Æ

<poem>

Chè mè trìa khuất phóng lươm,

Áng về xoắt huận trừ đườm đẽo ganh.

Thẫm hường ngơ nghẻ dổi nành,

Nghiểu bêm liệp lặn tỷ thanh dói rừ.

Gib with lots of từ láy: chè mè (m-), đườm đẽo (-eoC), ngơ nghẻ (-eC), liệp lặn (-ănB)

</poem>

''Ýr můj můj (můj mæ̉m)! Mæ̣rq dræ̊̀ blỏv blúq!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'

== Diachronics sketch ==

Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ

Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vq -øm/vq -ym/vq

== Broad phonology ==

=== Initials ===

'''b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/

'''b d bl gl gj g f s fl sl t hj h m n nj ng l lj r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ c k f s fl ɬ ts ç h m n {{ñ}} ŋ l ʎ ʁ v j~z ʔ/

~~=== Medials ===~~

~~-r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.~~

=== Vowels ===

Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/

Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ{{long}} u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ{{long}} ɔ/

=== Finals ===

-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -~~ŋ͡m~~ -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -~~ŋ͡mʔ~~/

-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -q -jq -vq -dq -rq -nq -mq /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -wŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -wŋ͡mʔ/

==== Origins of finals ====

* -0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)

Line 32:

Line 44:

8 tones, 2 of which have stød

==== Tone box ====

~~Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)~~

{| class="wikitable"

!

Line 41:

Line 52:

|-

!Modal initial

|a

|a (Hanoi ''ngang'')

|á

|á (Hanoi nonentering ''sắc'')

|ả

|ả (Hanoi ''hỏi'')

|áˀ

|áq (High tone with stød)

|-

!Breathy initial

|à

|à (Hanoi ''huyền'')

|ạ

|ạ (Saigon ''nặng'')

|ã

|ã (Hanoi ''ngã'')

|ạˀ

|ạq (Low tone with stød)

|}

Line 57:

Line 68:

=== Initials ===

Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.

One major dialect has r- = (true pharyngeal) [ħ], Cr = [Cʰ]

=== Rimes with no -r- medial ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

Line 169:

Line 183:

=== Polar questions ===

Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.

:''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd blảj Æ med?''

:''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd blảj Æ med?''

: 2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP

: Are you Æ?

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-:[[Æ/Lexicon]]
+{{List subpages}}
-'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrˀ Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is an [[Verse:Angai|Angai]]an monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese (and the name is inspired by the real-world E language). It belongs to the Aem-Zrâtt language family.
+'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrq Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is a [[Verse:Tricin|Trician]] monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese. It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family. It is spoken in the country of ''Ta{{cdb}}j Vŭ{{tilde}}r'' (lit. the northern land).
+{{SUBPAGENAME}} used to be written in a native logography, but today it uses an initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system; the newer orthography is natively named after Lád Ăr Tå{{acute}}vq, who published a large volume of poetry using the system.
+== Todo ==
+Morph into Æ
+<poem>
+Chè mè trìa khuất phóng lươm,
+Áng về xoắt huận trừ đườm đẽo ganh.
+Thẫm hường ngơ nghẻ dổi nành,
+Nghiểu bêm liệp lặn tỷ thanh dói rừ.
+Gib with lots of từ láy: chè mè (m-), đườm đẽo (-eoC), ngơ nghẻ (-eC), liệp lặn (-ănB)
+</poem>
+''Ýr můj můj (můj mæ̉m)! Mæ̣rq dræ̊̀ blỏv blúq!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'
 == Diachronics sketch ==
-Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ
+Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vq -øm/vq -ym/vq
 == Broad phonology ==
 === Initials ===
-'''b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/
+'''b d bl gl gj g f s fl sl t hj h m n nj ng l lj r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ c k f s fl ɬ ts ç h m n {{ñ}} ŋ l ʎ ʁ v j~z ʔ/
-=== Medials ===
--r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.
 === Vowels ===
-Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/
+Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ{{long}} u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ{{long}} ɔ/
 === Finals ===
--0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -ŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -ŋ͡mʔ/
+-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -q -jq -vq -dq -rq -nq -mq /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -wŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -wŋ͡mʔ/
 ==== Origins of finals ====
 * -0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)
@@ Line 32: / Line 44: @@
 tones, 2 of which have stød
 ==== Tone box ====
-Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)
 {| class="wikitable"
 !
@@ Line 41: / Line 52: @@
 |-
 !Modal initial
-|a
+|a (Hanoi ''ngang'')
-|á
+|á (Hanoi nonentering ''sắc'')
-|ả
+|ả (Hanoi ''hỏi'')
-|áˀ
+|áq (High tone with stød)
 |-
 !Breathy initial
-|à
+|à (Hanoi ''huyền'')
-|ạ
+|ạ (Saigon ''nặng'')
-|ã
+|ã (Hanoi ''ngã'')
-|ạˀ
+|ạq (Low tone with stød)
 |}
@@ Line 57: / Line 68: @@
 === Initials ===
 Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.
+One major dialect has r- = (true pharyngeal) [ħ], Cr = [Cʰ]
 === Rimes with no -r- medial ===
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
@@ Line 169: / Line 183: @@
 === Polar questions ===
 Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.
-:''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd blảj Æ med?''
+:''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd blảj Æ med?''
 : 2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP
 : Are you Æ?