Verdurian: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox language | |||
| name = Verdurian | |||
| creator = Mark Rosenfelder | |||
| created = 1995 | |||
| iso3 = none | |||
| glotto = none | |||
| ietf = [https://www.kreativekorp.com/clcr/ art-x-verduria] | |||
| familycolor = conlang | |||
| nativename = soa Sfahe | |||
}} | |||
'''Verdurian''' (''soa Sfahe'', "the Speech") is a [[constructed language]] created by Mark Rosenfelder, first published in 1995 and hosted on Zompist.com. It is spoken in the fictional nation of '''Verduria''' on the planet '''Almea'''. As the most-developed and best-known of Almea's languages, Verdurian is a member of the Cadhinorian branch of the Eastern language family, bearing typological similarities to Indo-European languages on Earth. Derived from the ancient language Cadhinor, it serves as the official language of Verduria, the most economically advanced state on Almea, and several neighboring countries. | '''Verdurian''' (''soa Sfahe'', "the Speech") is a [[constructed language]] created by Mark Rosenfelder, first published in 1995 and hosted on Zompist.com. It is spoken in the fictional nation of '''Verduria''' on the planet '''Almea'''. As the most-developed and best-known of Almea's languages, Verdurian is a member of the Cadhinorian branch of the Eastern language family, bearing typological similarities to Indo-European languages on Earth. Derived from the ancient language Cadhinor, it serves as the official language of Verduria, the most economically advanced state on Almea, and several neighboring countries. | ||
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==Phonology and grammar== | ==Phonology and grammar== | ||
Verdurian's phonology<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zompist.com/phonology.htm |title=Grammar of Verdurian |publisher=Zompist.com |access-date=2015-05-30}}</ref> has eight vowels and twenty-one consonants. Among the most exotic of its sounds is the [[voiced uvular fricative]] (ʁ), which is transcribed as an R with a [[háček]] over it ([[Ř|Ř, ř]]).<ref>Ethnoslavica: Johannes Reinhart, Tilmann Reuther, Gerhard Neweklowsky, (C) 2006, p. 213.</ref> | Verdurian's phonology<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zompist.com/phonology.htm |title=Grammar of Verdurian |publisher=Zompist.com |access-date=2015-05-30}}</ref> has eight vowels and twenty-one consonants. It includes historical sound changes that add depth to its structure, such as the laxing of /i/, /u/, and /o/ before a word-final consonant, leading to phonemic distinctions. Among the most exotic of its sounds is the [[voiced uvular fricative]] (ʁ), which is transcribed as an R with a [[háček]] over it ([[Ř|Ř, ř]]).<ref>Ethnoslavica: Johannes Reinhart, Tilmann Reuther, Gerhard Neweklowsky, (C) 2006, p. 213.</ref> The language's phonology and romanization system are detailed, incorporating standard and quirky choices that reflect deeper historical patterns. For instance, the character î represents [ɪ], a high front lax vowel that has become significant in inflectional paradigms. | ||
Verdurian | Verdurian grammar is structured as an SVO, lightly-inflected, head-initial language, and accusative morphosyntactic alignment. It features two genders (masculine and feminine), four cases (nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive), two [[grammatical number|numbers]] (singular and plural) and four tenses (present, past, past anterior and future), in addition to conditional and imperative voices. Additionally, Verdurian has a second imperative form, known as the classical imperative, which is considered rude and used only in specific contexts. | ||
Noun declensions in Verdurian are complex, with different patterns for masculine and feminine nouns. The language also has a fully conjugated imperative form that agrees with its subject in number and person, which is unusual and akin to hortative expressions in English. | |||
== Alphabet and Fonts == | == Alphabet and Fonts == | ||