Ormå: Difference between revisions

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Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Ormå"

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 | created = 2023
 | creator = User:Jukethatbox
+| image = Knasko.png
+| imagecaption = The ''knåsko'', the symbol of the Ormå people.
 | name = Ormå
-| nativename = píppi årmo
+| nativename = ormå pippi
-| pronunciation = píʔ̯pi ɑ̃ɴ̯mo
+| pronunciation = ormɔ ˈpip.pi
 | state = Ormå Nation
+| speakers = 120,000
+| date = 400 BH
+| ethnicity = Ormå people
 | familycolor = Indo-European
 | fam1 = [[Yeldhic languages|Yeldhic]]
 | fam2 = Ulmic
 | fam3 = Umic
-| ancestor1 = [[Proto-Yeldhic]]
+| ancestor1 = Ancient Ormå
-| ancestor2 = Proto-Ulmic
+| nation = [[File:Knasko.png|24px]] Ormå Nation
-| ancestor3 = Proto-Umic
-| nation = Ormå Nation, Southern Ulmis
 | minority = Southern Ulmis, Moshuria
+| agency = Ormå Käminkkäwe
 | notice = ipa
 }}
-'''Ormå'''(/oːmoʊ/, ''píppi årmo''; <small>Ormå:</small> [[Help:IPA|[píʔ̯pi ɐ̃ɴ̯mo]]]) is a language spoken in the Moshurian region of Southern Ulmis. It is an Umic language, a derivation of the Ulmic languages
+'''Ormå'''(''ormå pippi''; <small>Ormå:</small> [[Help:IPA|[ormɔ ˈpip.pi]]]) is a language spoken by the Ormå people of the Ormå Nation. It is an Umic language, so it is related to the languages of Umį and Pailä. The Umic languages themselves are a sub-branch of the Ulmic languages, which includes Pêrsir and Zadję.
+It is a fusional SOV language that, like all other Ulmic languages, heavily features nasalised vowels.
+==Phonology==
+===Orthography===
+Ormå uses a modified form of the Standard Ulmic Script(SUS)<ref>har har</ref>, which includes a special letter, ⟨å⟩, that represents the phoneme /ɔ/, which among Ulmic languages is unique to Ormå. Additionally, the common digraphs ⟨sk⟩ and ⟨zg⟩ are pronounced /sˠ/ and /zˠ/ respectively, instead of /sk̚/ and /zg̚/ in other Ulmic languages like Pêrsir or Pailä.
+===Consonants===
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+!colspan=2 |  !! Bilabial/<br>Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Velar !! Palatal
+|-
+! rowspan=2 | Plosive
+! pulmonic
+| p b || t d || k g || c
+|-
+! aspirated
+| pʰ bʱ || tʰ dʱ || kʰ gʱ || cʰ
+|-
+! colspan=2 |  Trill/tap
+| || r~ɾ || ||
+|-
+! colspan=2 | Nasal
+| m || n̥ n || ŋ ||
+|-
+! rowspan=2 | Fricative
+! pulmonic
+| f v|| s z || rowspan=2 | x || ç
+|-
+! velarised
+| || sˠ zˠ ||
+|-
+! rowspan=2 | Approximant
+! pulmonic
+| w || || || j
+|-
+! lateral
+| || l || || ʎ
+|}
+===Vowels===
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+! !! Front !! Central !! Back
+|-
+! Close
+| i y || || u
+|-
+! Close-mid
+| colspan=2 | e~ə || o
+|-
+! Open-mid/Near-open
+| æ || || ɔ
+|-
+! Open
+| a || ||
+|}
+/e/ is generally only realised as [ə] at the end of a word, though some dialects pronounce /e/ always as [ə] or always as [e].
+====Nasalised vowels====
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+! !! Front !! Central !! Back
+|-
+! Close
+| ĩ ỹ || || ũ
+|-
+! Close-mid
+| ẽ || || õ
+|-
+! Open
+| ã || ||
+|}
+===Stress===
+Ormå has no stress pattern, though most speakers tend to go towards paroxytonic stress.
+==Morphology==
+===Nouns===
+====Gender====
+Ormå has four grammatical genders: '''masculine''', '''feminine''', '''passive neuter''' and '''active neuter'''. The distinction between passive and active neuter is quite vague, though the general pattern is that if it is a countable geographical feature that moves by itself, such as a river(''mittä''), it is '''active''' and if not, like a watershed(''nncẽ''), it is '''passive'''. However, some words, like ''krỹse''("snowy mountain"), which would logically be passive, is actually active, because in Ormå mythology, the God of Snowy Mountains, ''Ukkäjan'', supposedly causes avalanches to deter climbers of Mount Kakkijajå, thus making snowy mountains ''active'' deterers of climbers. Many of these logical exceptions in the neuter gender are rooted in Ormå mythology.
+====Number====
+Ormå, like all Ulmic languages, differentiates between single, dual and plural grammatical number, which vary according to the four grammatical genders of masculine, feminine, passive neuter and active neuter.
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+|+ Grammatical number with ''thåsk'', ''skyd'', ''nncẽ'' & ''mittä''
+|-
+! colspan=2 | !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
+|-
+! colspan=2 | Masculine
+| ''thåsk''<br>"rock" || ''thåsk'''i''''' || ''thåsk'''ir'''''
+|-
+! colspan=2 | Feminine
+| ''skyd''<br>"bulb" || ''skyd'''je''''' || ''skyd'''jus'''''
+|-
+! rowspan=2 | Neuter
+! Passive
+| ''nncẽ''<br>"watershed" || ''nncẽ'''mmi''' || ''nncẽ'''mmä'''
+|-
+! Active
+| ''mittä''<br>"river" || ''mittä'''pyr''''' || ''mittä'''fyr'''''
+|}
+===Pronouns===
+====Demonstrative====
+Demonstrative pronouns in Ormå are placed after the noun and fall into three categories: '''adjacent'''(next to something), '''near''' and '''far'''. For example, ''thåsk khe'' means "the rock next to <nowiki>[me]</nowiki>", ''skydje nhus'' means "these two bulbs" and ''mittäfyr käller'' means "those rivers (over there)".
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+! !! Adjacent !! Near !! Far
+|-
+! Singular
+| ''khe'' || ''khes'' || ''khest''
+|-
+! Dual
+| ''nhu'' || ''nhus'' || ''nhussr''
+|-
+! Plural
+| ''kär'' || ''källä'' || ''käller''
+|}
+===Strong verbs===
+====''Kokkra''====
+''Kokkra'', "to be", is the main copula in Ormå. It has quite bizarre conjugation, though it is a very common verb.
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+! colspan = 2 | !! Singular !! Plural
+|-
+! colspan = 2 | 1st person
+| ''soor'' || ''sooråj''
+|-
+! colspan = 2 | 2nd person
+| ''stukk'' || ''stukkää''
+|-
+! rowspan=2 | 3rd person
+! Objects
+| ''skokke'' || ''skokkej''
+|-
+! People
+| ''kokkår'' || ''kokkäre''
+|}
+==Syntax==
+==Other resources==
+[[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Yeldhic languages]] [[Category:Ormå]] [[Category:Radael]]