Fransáes: Difference between revisions
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====Syllable Structure==== | ====Syllable Structure==== | ||
* | * (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C) | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Fransáes has fourteen grammatical cases: Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental, Causal, Locative, Ablative, Sublative, Elative, Illative, Terminative and Temporal | Fransáes has fourteen grammatical cases: Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental, Comitative, Causal, Locative, Ablative, Sublative, Elative, Illative, Terminative and Temporal | ||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:900px; text-align:center;" | ||
! | ! | ||
! Function | ! Function | ||
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! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
| Subject of finite verb | | Subject of finite verb | ||
| | | N/A | ||
| | | "''The cat'' eats" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha monzh'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Accusative | ! Accusative | ||
| Object of transitive verb | | Object of transitive verb | ||
| | | -u | ||
| | | "The cat eats ''rice''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha monzh riu'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Vocative | ! Vocative | ||
| Addressee | | Addressee | ||
| | | -an | ||
| | | "Hello, ''Jean!''" | ||
| | | ''Búnzhu, Zhánan!'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| Indirect object; '''to''' | | Indirect object; '''to''' | ||
| | | -a | ||
| | | "The cat eats rice under ''the table''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha monzh riu su lu tablá | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| Possessor of noun; '''of''' | | Possessor of noun; '''of''' | ||
| | | -du | ||
| | | "The leg ''of the table''" | ||
| | | ''Lu zhomb lu tablódu'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
| Means of performing a verb; '''with''' | | Means of performing a verb; '''using''' | ||
| | | -(ut)ili | ||
| | | "The cat eats rice ''using a fork''" | ||
| ''Lu sha monzh riu fushétili'' | |||
|- | |||
! Comitative | |||
| Accompaniment to subject; '''with''' | |||
| -av | |||
| "The cat walks ''with the food''" | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Causal | ! Causal | ||
| The reason for a verb; '''for''' | | The reason for a verb; '''for''' | ||
| | | -pu | ||
| | | "The cat walks to the kitchen ''for rice''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha mash lu kvísina rípu'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Locative | ! Locative | ||
| General physical position; '''by''' | | General physical position; '''by''' | ||
| | | -pa | ||
| | | "The cat eats ''by the table''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha monzh lu tablópa'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Ablative | ! Ablative | ||
| Movement from; '''from''' | | Movement from; '''from''' | ||
| | | -dupvi | ||
| | | "The cat walks ''away from the table''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha mash lu tablódupvi'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Sublative | ! Sublative | ||
| Movement toward; '''toward''' | | Movement toward; '''toward''' | ||
| | | -ve | ||
| | | "The cat walks ''toward the table''" | ||
| | | Lu sha mash lu tablóve'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Elative | ! Elative | ||
| Movement from; '''out of''' | | Movement from; '''out of''' | ||
| | | -duo | ||
| | | "The cat walks ''out of the kitchen''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha mash lu kvízinduo'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Illative | ! Illative | ||
| Movement toward; '''into''' | | Movement toward; '''into''' | ||
| | | -don | ||
| | | "The cat walks ''into the kitchen''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha mash lu kvízindon'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Terminative | ! Terminative | ||
| Limit of; '''until''' | | Limit of; '''until''' | ||
| | | -zhuska | ||
| | | "The cat has ''until noon'' to eat" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha a mídizhuska mónzhe'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Temporal | ! Temporal | ||
| Location of time; '''at''' | | Location of time; '''at''' | ||
| | | -on | ||
| | | "The cat eats ''at eleven''" | ||
| | | ''Lu sha monzh únzon'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||