IPA for Zjiiama Knrawi: Difference between revisions
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The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Zjiiama [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]]. | The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Zjiiama [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]]. | ||
This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Zjiiama Island | This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Zjiiama Island. For other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA keys|Knrawi IPA keys]]. | ||
{{IPA keys}} | {{IPA keys}} | ||
{| style="background: none" | {| style="background: none" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 154: | Line 150: | ||
|{{term|marg|ma'''r'''g}} | |{{term|marg|ma'''r'''g}} | ||
|south | |south | ||
|'''r''' | |'''r'''ayo ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|rˀ}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|rˀ}}</big> | ||
|{{term|knyirra|knyi'''rr'''a}} | |{{term|knyirra|knyi'''rr'''a}} | ||
|spouse | |spouse | ||
|'''r''' | |'''r'''ayo ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s}}</big> | ||
| Line 221: | Line 217: | ||
|ha'''v'''e | |ha'''v'''e | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA| | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|vˀ}}</big> | ||
|{{term|qvvs|q'''vv'''s}} | |{{term|qvvs|q'''vv'''s}} | ||
|ball | |ball | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɰˀ}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɰˀ}}</big> | ||
|{{term|ayyai|a''' | |{{term|ayyai|a'''yy'''ai}} | ||
|mosquito | |mosquito | ||
|a'''g'''ave ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]]) | |a'''g'''ave ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]]) | ||
| Line 293: | Line 289: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|aː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|aː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|aà|'''aà'''}} | ||
|to say | |to say | ||
|f'''a'''ther | |f'''a'''ther | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɒː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɒː}}</big> | ||
|{{term|uái| | |{{term|uái|'''uá'''i}} | ||
|lizard | |lizard | ||
|b'''o'''t | |b'''o'''t | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|krií|kr'''ií'''}} | ||
|to die | |to die | ||
|b'''ee'''t | |b'''ee'''t | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big> | ||
|{{term|auu|a''' | |{{term|auu|a'''uu'''}} | ||
|dog | |dog | ||
|b'''oo'''t | |b'''oo'''t | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]] | ! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]] | ||
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==Differences from standard Knrawi== | ==Differences from standard Knrawi== | ||
* | *⫽n⫽ and ⫽ŋ⫽ do not assimilate. | ||
* | *⫽k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ⫽ are realized as [t͡ʃ,t͡ʃʰ,t͡ʃˣ,ʃ,ʃʰ,xʲ]. | ||
** | **⫽k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ⫽ adjacent to ⫽ɪ⫽ are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,kʲˣ,xʲ,xʲʰ]. | ||
* | *⫽k̠,k̠ʰ,k̠ˣ,x̠⫽ are realized as [k,kʰ,kˣ,x]. | ||
* | *⫽tˣ⫽ and [pˣ] are realized as [t͡sˣ] and [p͡fˣ]. | ||
* | *⫽ʍ⫽ is realized as [xʷ]. | ||
*/θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [s,sʰ,sˣ]. | */θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [s,sʰ,sˣ]. | ||
**Labialized /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [f,fʰ,fˣ]. | **Labialized /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [f,fʰ,fˣ]. | ||
*/ | */ɹ⫽ is realized as [r]. | ||
**Labialized | **Labialized ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]). | ||
**Fortified | **Fortified ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [z]. | ||
* | *⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [ɰ]. | ||
**Fortified | **Fortified ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [ɣ]. | ||
** | **⫽ɉ⫽ and [j,w] adjacent to high vowels are realized as [ɣ] and [ʝ,ɣʷ]. | ||
*Fortition occurs word-finally. | *Fortition occurs word-finally. | ||
**[ʔ̞] is realized as [ʔ] word-finally. | **[ʔ̞] is realized as [ʔ] word-finally. | ||
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**Word-initial and pre-sonorant syllabic consonants are realized as [Cə]. | **Word-initial and pre-sonorant syllabic consonants are realized as [Cə]. | ||
**Syllabic consonants with an identical adjacent consonant are realized as [əCˀ] or [Cˀə]. | **Syllabic consonants with an identical adjacent consonant are realized as [əCˀ] or [Cˀə]. | ||
* | *⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ are realized as [i,u]. | ||
** | **⫽ɪɪ,ʊʊ⫽ are realized as [iː,uː]. | ||
**Unstressed | **Unstressed ⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ (but not ⫽ɪɪ,ʊʊ⫽) are realized as [ə,o̞]. | ||
* | *⫽a⫽ is realized as [ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. | ||
*Unstressed | *Unstressed ⫽a⫽ and [ə] are realized as | ||
**[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. | **[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. | ||
**[ə] if not [o̞]. | **[ə] if not [o̞]. | ||
*Sequences of unstressed [ə] or [o̞] and stressed | *Sequences of unstressed [ə] or [o̞] and stressed ⫽a⫽ are realized as [aː] or [ɒː] respectively. | ||
**[aː] is realized as [ɒː] adjacent to labiovelar consonants except [w] or [ɣʷ]. | **[aː] is realized as [ɒː] adjacent to labiovelar consonants except [w] or [ɣʷ]. | ||
[[Category:Knrawi IPA | [[Category:Knrawi IPA keys|z]] | ||