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IPA for Zjiiama Knrawi: Difference between revisions

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The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Zjiiama [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].
The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Zjiiama [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].


This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Zjiiama Island, for other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA guides|Knrawi IPA guides]].
This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Zjiiama Island. For other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA keys|Knrawi IPA keys]].


{{IPA keys}}
{{IPA keys}}
{| style="background: none"
|-
| valign="top" |
{| style="background: none"
{| style="background: none"
|-
|-
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|{{term|jna|j'''n'''a}}
|{{term|jna|j'''n'''a}}
|star
|star
|'''n'''ot
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|nˀ}}</big>
|{{term|guváan|guvá'''an'''}}
|event
|'''n'''ot
|'''n'''ot
|-
|-
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|{{term|marg|ma'''r'''g}}
|{{term|marg|ma'''r'''g}}
|south
|south
|'''r'''ight
|'''r'''ayo ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|rˀ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|rˀ}}</big>
|{{term|knyirra|knyi'''rr'''a}}
|{{term|knyirra|knyi'''rr'''a}}
|spouse
|spouse
|'''r'''ight
|'''r'''ayo ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s}}</big>
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|ha'''v'''e
|ha'''v'''e
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|v}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|vˀ}}</big>
|{{term|qvvs|q'''vv'''s}}
|{{term|qvvs|q'''vv'''s}}
|ball
|ball
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|{{term|tjer|tje'''r'''}}
|{{term|tjer|tje'''r'''}}
|soft
|soft
|'''z'''oo
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|zˀ}}</big>
|{{term|suar|sua'''r'''}}
|marten
|'''z'''oo
|'''z'''oo
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɰˀ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɰˀ}}</big>
|{{term|ayyai|a'''y'''yai}}
|{{term|ayyai|a'''yy'''ai}}
|mosquito
|mosquito
|a'''g'''ave ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|a'''g'''ave ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʔ̞}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʔ̞}}</big>
|{{term|raáar|raá'''a'''r}}
|{{term|gùaa|gù'''a'''a}}
|to laugh
|language
|uh'''-'''oh
|uh'''-'''oh
|}
|}
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|aː}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|aː}}</big>
|{{term|agu|'''aà'''}}
|{{term|aà|'''aà'''}}
|to say
|to say
|f'''a'''ther
|f'''a'''ther
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɒː}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɒː}}</big>
|{{term|uái|u'''á'''i}}
|{{term|uái|'''uá'''i}}
|lizard
|lizard
|b'''o'''t
|b'''o'''t
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big>
|{{term|krii|kr'''i'''i}}
|{{term|krií|kr'''ií'''}}
|to die
|to die
|b'''ee'''t
|b'''ee'''t
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|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big>
|{{term|auu|a'''u'''u}}
|{{term|auu|a'''uu'''}}
|dog
|dog
|b'''oo'''t
|b'''oo'''t
|}
| valign="top" |
{| class="IPA wikitable"
![[w:Wikipedia:IPA|IPA]] !! Example !! Translation
|-
|-
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]]
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]]
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==Differences from standard Knrawi==
==Differences from standard Knrawi==
*/k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ/ are realized as [t͡ʃ,t͡ʃʰ,t͡ʃˣ,ʃ,ʃʰ,xʲ].
*⫽n⫽ and ⫽ŋ⫽ do not assimilate.
**/k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ/ adjacent to /ɪ/ are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,kʲˣ,xʲ,xʲʰ].
*⫽k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ⫽ are realized as [t͡ʃ,t͡ʃʰ,t͡ʃˣ,ʃ,ʃʰ,xʲ].
*/k̠,k̠ʰ,k̠ˣ,x̠/ are realized as [k,kʰ,kˣ,x].
**⫽k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ⫽ adjacent to ⫽ɪ⫽ are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,kʲˣ,xʲ,xʲʰ].
*/tˣ/ and [pˣ] are realized as [t͡sˣ] and [p͡fˣ].
*⫽k̠,k̠ʰ,k̠ˣ,x̠⫽ are realized as [k,kʰ,kˣ,x].
*/ʍ/ is realized as [xʷ].
*⫽tˣ⫽ and [pˣ] are realized as [t͡sˣ] and [p͡fˣ].
*⫽ʍ⫽ is realized as [xʷ].
*/θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [s,sʰ,sˣ].
*/θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [s,sʰ,sˣ].
**Labialized /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [f,fʰ,fˣ].
**Labialized /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [f,fʰ,fˣ].
*/ɹ/ is realized as [r].
*/ɹ⫽ is realized as [r].
**Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]).
**Labialized ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]).
**Fortified /ɹ/ is realized as [z].
**Fortified ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [z].
*/ɉ/ is realized as [ɰ].
*⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [ɰ].
**Fortified /ɉ/ is realized as [ɣ].
**Fortified ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [ɣ].
**/ɉ/ and [j,w] adjacent to high vowels are realized as [ɣ] and [ʝ,ɣʷ].
**⫽ɉ⫽ and [j,w] adjacent to high vowels are realized as [ɣ] and [ʝ,ɣʷ].
*Fortition occurs word-finally.
*Fortition occurs word-finally.
**[ʔ̞] is realized as [ʔ] word-finally.
**[ʔ̞] is realized as [ʔ] word-finally.
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*Sequences of [ʔ̞] and voiced consonants are realized as glottalized consonants.
*Sequences of [ʔ̞] and voiced consonants are realized as glottalized consonants.
*Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
*Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
**Syllabic consonants with an identical adjacent consonant are realized as [əCˀ].
**Word-initial and pre-sonorant syllabic consonants are realized as [Cə].
*/ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u].
**Syllabic consonants with an identical adjacent consonant are realized as [əCˀ] or [Cˀə].
**/ɪɪ,ʊʊ/ are realized as [iː,uː].
*⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ are realized as [i,u].
**Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ (but not /ɪɪ,ʊʊ/) are realized as [ə,o̞].
**⫽ɪɪ,ʊʊ⫽ are realized as [iː,uː].
*/a/ is realized as [ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
**Unstressed ⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ (but not ⫽ɪɪ,ʊʊ⫽) are realized as [ə,o̞].
*Unstressed /a/ and epenthetic [ə] are realized as
*⫽a⫽ is realized as [ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
*Unstressed ⫽a⫽ and [ə] are realized as
**[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
**[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
**[ə] if not [o̞].
**[ə] if not [o̞].
*Sequences of unstressed [ə] or [o̞] and stressed /a/ are realized as [aː] or [ɒː] respectively.
*Sequences of unstressed [ə] or [o̞] and stressed ⫽a⫽ are realized as [aː] or [ɒː] respectively.
**[aː] is realized as [ɒː] adjacent to labiovelar consonants except [w] or [ɣʷ].
**[aː] is realized as [ɒː] adjacent to labiovelar consonants except [w] or [ɣʷ].


[[Category:Knrawi IPA guides]]
[[Category:Knrawi IPA keys|z]]
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