Hivantish: Difference between revisions

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|image =

|setting = [[Verse:Irta]]

|nativename = ~~Hivantutåzuar~~

|nativename = hivantutåzwar

|pronunciation = /hivantuta:~~zuár~~/

|pronunciation = /hivantuta:zwár/

|region =

|states =

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|script=[[w:Latin script|Latin]], {{PAGENAME}} script

}}

'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (''~~Hivantutåzuár~~'' /hivantuta:~~zuár~~/ or ''~~Hivantáa taazuár~~'' /~~hivantáː da~~:~~zuár~~/; ''hivantúr'' is from {{recon|sebʰ-}} 'reflexive' + {{recon|-ntós}} 'Caland adjective suffix', thus 'of [our] own', or ''Prisinitáa tåzuár'' "natural language") is an isolated branch within the Indo-European language family, loosely inspired by Icelandic, Greenlandic, Old Persian and Proto-Celtic. Before the era of Hivantish literature, a specially constructed language referred to as ??? "refined language" was used in religious and other writings; with the advent of Hivantish druidism, the common language became increasingly popular as the language of literature, hence the designation "natural language".

'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (''hivantutåzwár'' /hivantuta:zwár/ or ''hivantá tåzwár'' /hivantá ta:zwár/; ''hivantúr'' is from {{recon|sebʰ-}} 'reflexive' + {{recon|-ntós}} 'Caland adjective suffix', thus 'of [our] own', or ''Prisinitáa tåzuár'' "natural language") is an isolated branch within the Indo-European language family, loosely inspired by Icelandic, Greenlandic, Old Persian and Proto-Celtic. Before the era of Hivantish literature, a specially constructed language referred to as ??? "refined language" was used in religious and other writings; with the advent of Hivantish druidism, the common language became increasingly popular as the language of literature, hence the designation "natural language".

~~Ancient~~ Hivantish was a ~~classical~~ satem IE language with a grammar very similar to today's Balto-Slavic languages and had a significant corpus of druidic lore. This continued through the Middle Hivantish period where the language underwent considerable simplification, along the lines of Modern Greek, and an influx of words from Inuit, ~~Irish~~, Greek, Romance ~~and [[Azalic]] languages, especially English~~. Modern Hivantish is very similar to Middle Hivantish but underwent a spelling reform due to the sometimes idiosyncratic and irregular ways in which non-Romance vocabulary in Hivantish was transcribed in the Roman alphabet.

Classical Hivantish was a satem IE language with a grammar very similar to today's Balto-Slavic languages and had a significant corpus of druidic lore. This continued through the Middle Hivantish period where the language underwent considerable simplification, along the lines of Modern Greek, and an influx of words from Inuit, Riphean, Greek, Germanic, and Romance. Modern Hivantish is very similar to Middle Hivantish but underwent a spelling reform due to the sometimes idiosyncratic and irregular ways in which non-Romance vocabulary in Hivantish was transcribed in the Roman alphabet.

'''Modern Hivantish''' (''~~Úruhivantisur tåzvar~~'' /u:~~ruhivandisur~~ tO:~~zvar/~~) is the most widely spoken descendant of [[Hivantish]], and it's inspired by Modern Greek and Icelandic, drawing on phonological, diachronic and grammatical similarities between the two languages.

'''Modern Hivantish''' (''ūruhivantisúr tåzwár'' [u:ruhivandi'suə tO:z'wa:]) is the most widely spoken descendant of Classical Hivantish, and it's inspired by Modern Greek and Icelandic, drawing on phonological, diachronic and grammatical similarities between the two languages.

Modern Hivantish has two registers, a literary one drawing heavily from ~~Ancient~~ Hivantish and making use of mostly native vocabulary (c.f. Háfrónska and Katharevousa), and spoken Hivantish which has lots of loanwords from English, Greek and ~~Irish~~.

Modern Hivantish has two registers, a literary one drawing heavily from Classical Hivantish and making use of mostly native vocabulary (c.f. Háfrónska and Katharevousa), and spoken Hivantish which has lots of loanwords from English, Riphean, Greek and Nyvierfusiez.

Modern Hivantish derives mostly from the Tremisian dialect of Ancient Hivantish but there is some koineization from northern dialects.

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====Thematic neuters====

{|

|+ ''diuh'' 'human' (< {{recon|dhewsóm}})

|-

!| !! Singular !! Plural

|-

!|Nominative

|''diuh''||''diuha''

|-

!|Genitive

|''diuhå''||''diuhų''

|-

!|Dative

|''diuhæ''||''diuhavur''

|-

!|Accusative

|''diuh'' ||''diuha''

|-

!|Ablative

|''diuhut'' ||''diuhavur''

|-

!|Vocative

|''diuhi!'' ||''diuha!''

|}

====-a stem nouns====

====-i and -u stem nouns====

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==Lexicon==

*ingnir 'fire' (influenced by Inuit)

*tiuh (n) 'human'

*ingnir 'fire' (influenced by Inuit ''ingniq''; regular reflex is ''**angnir'')

*irta 'earth'

*wæ 'woe'

*wutra "water"

*wutra "water" (was a neuter heteroclitic ''wutar, wutanir'' in CHiv)

*ūrur "new" (cognate with Albanian ri)

*hynur "son"

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*vūtur "butter"

*lampar "lamp"

*~~rrōd~~ "rose"

*warð "rose"

*læwa "olive"

*informallu "information"

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* lūhna "moon"

* vaður 'spear' (< bhodh-os)

* garur '~~expert~~' (< gher- 'to grasp')

* garur 'expertise' (< *ghóros < *gher- 'to grasp')

Todo: develop Hivantic synonyms

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* arvær 'whale'

=== Names ===

* Hucnåkur 'good sign'

* Hucinur ~ Eugene (m)

* Arþur 'bear' (m)

** One source of Arthur in Irta

* Åsivar 'spider' (m) (aasivaq)

* Amarur 'wolf' (m) (amaruq)

* ~~Vaðgarur~~ (m), from ~~vaður~~ '~~spear~~' + garur ~~'expert'~~

* Warð 'rose' (f)

* -garur (m/f) 'expertise'

** Warðgarur (m/f), from warð 'rose' + -garur; source of the Irta Thai name Phatthakhong, via Irta Indic Vardhaghaṅ

==Sample texts==

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |image =
 |setting = [[Verse:Irta]]
-|nativename = Hivantutåzuar
+|nativename = hivantutåzwar
-|pronunciation = /hivantuta:zuár/
+|pronunciation = /hivantuta:zwár/
 |region =
 |states =
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 |script=[[w:Latin script|Latin]], {{PAGENAME}} script
 }}
-'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (''Hivantutåzuár'' /hivantuta:zuár/ or ''Hivantáa taazuár'' /hivantáː da:zuár/; ''hivantúr'' is from {{recon|sebʰ-}} 'reflexive' + {{recon|-ntós}} 'Caland adjective suffix', thus 'of [our] own', or ''Prisinitáa tåzuár'' "natural language") is an isolated branch within the Indo-European language family, loosely inspired by Icelandic, Greenlandic, Old Persian and Proto-Celtic. Before the era of Hivantish literature, a specially constructed language referred to as ??? "refined language" was used in religious and other writings; with the advent of Hivantish druidism, the common language became increasingly popular as the language of literature, hence the designation "natural language".
+'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (''hivantutåzwár'' /hivantuta:zwár/ or ''hivantá tåzwár'' /hivantá ta:zwár/; ''hivantúr'' is from {{recon|sebʰ-}} 'reflexive' + {{recon|-ntós}} 'Caland adjective suffix', thus 'of [our] own', or ''Prisinitáa tåzuár'' "natural language") is an isolated branch within the Indo-European language family, loosely inspired by Icelandic, Greenlandic, Old Persian and Proto-Celtic. Before the era of Hivantish literature, a specially constructed language referred to as ??? "refined language" was used in religious and other writings; with the advent of Hivantish druidism, the common language became increasingly popular as the language of literature, hence the designation "natural language".
-Ancient Hivantish was a classical satem IE language with a grammar very similar to today's Balto-Slavic languages and had a significant corpus of druidic lore. This continued through the Middle Hivantish period where the language underwent considerable simplification, along the lines of Modern Greek, and an influx of words from Inuit, Irish, Greek, Romance and [[Azalic]] languages, especially English. Modern Hivantish is very similar to Middle Hivantish but underwent a spelling reform due to the sometimes idiosyncratic and irregular ways in which non-Romance vocabulary in Hivantish was transcribed in the Roman alphabet.
+Classical Hivantish was a satem IE language with a grammar very similar to today's Balto-Slavic languages and had a significant corpus of druidic lore. This continued through the Middle Hivantish period where the language underwent considerable simplification, along the lines of Modern Greek, and an influx of words from Inuit, Riphean, Greek, Germanic, and Romance. Modern Hivantish is very similar to Middle Hivantish but underwent a spelling reform due to the sometimes idiosyncratic and irregular ways in which non-Romance vocabulary in Hivantish was transcribed in the Roman alphabet.
-'''Modern Hivantish''' (''Úruhivantisur tåzvar'' /u:ruhivandisur tO:zvar/) is the most widely spoken descendant of [[Hivantish]], and it's inspired by Modern Greek and Icelandic, drawing on phonological, diachronic and grammatical similarities between the two languages.
+'''Modern Hivantish''' (''ūruhivantisúr tåzwár'' [u:ruhivandi'suə tO:z'wa:]) is the most widely spoken descendant of Classical Hivantish, and it's inspired by Modern Greek and Icelandic, drawing on phonological, diachronic and grammatical similarities between the two languages.
-Modern Hivantish has two registers, a literary one drawing heavily from Ancient Hivantish and making use of mostly native vocabulary (c.f. Háfrónska and Katharevousa), and spoken Hivantish which has lots of loanwords from English, Greek and Irish.
+Modern Hivantish has two registers, a literary one drawing heavily from Classical Hivantish and making use of mostly native vocabulary (c.f. Háfrónska and Katharevousa), and spoken Hivantish which has lots of loanwords from English, Riphean, Greek and Nyvierfusiez.
 Modern Hivantish derives mostly from the Tremisian dialect of Ancient Hivantish but there is some koineization from northern dialects.
@@ Line 111: / Line 111: @@
 ====Thematic neuters====
+{|
+|+ ''diuh'' 'human' (< {{recon|dhewsóm}})
+|-
+!| !! Singular !! Plural
+|-
+!|Nominative
+|''diuh''||''diuha''
+|-
+!|Genitive
+|''diuhå''||''diuhų''
+|-
+!|Dative
+|''diuhæ''||''diuhavur''
+|-
+!|Accusative
+|''diuh'' ||''diuha''
+|-
+!|Ablative
+|''diuhut'' ||''diuhavur''
+|-
+!|Vocative
+|''diuhi!'' ||''diuha!''
+|}
 ====-a stem nouns====
 ====-i and -u stem nouns====
@@ Line 116: / Line 140: @@
 ==Lexicon==
-*ingnir 'fire' (influenced by Inuit)
+*tiuh (n) 'human'
+*ingnir 'fire' (influenced by Inuit ''ingniq''; regular reflex is ''**angnir'')
 *irta 'earth'
 *wæ 'woe'
-*wutra "water"
+*wutra "water" (was a neuter heteroclitic ''wutar, wutanir'' in CHiv)
 *ūrur "new" (cognate with Albanian ri)
 *hynur "son"
@@ Line 148: / Line 173: @@
 *vūtur "butter"
 *lampar "lamp"
-*rrōd "rose"
+*warð "rose"
 *læwa "olive"
 *informallu "information"
@@ Line 156: / Line 181: @@
 * lūhna "moon"
 * vaður 'spear' (< bhodh-os)
-* garur 'expert' (< gher- 'to grasp')
+* garur 'expertise' (< *ghóros < *gher- 'to grasp')
 Todo: develop Hivantic synonyms
@@ Line 170: / Line 195: @@
 * arvær 'whale'
 === Names ===
+* Hucnåkur 'good sign'
 * Hucinur ~ Eugene (m)
 * Arþur 'bear' (m)
+** One source of Arthur in Irta
 * Åsivar 'spider' (m) (aasivaq)
 * Amarur 'wolf' (m) (amaruq)
-* Vaðgarur (m), from vaður 'spear' + garur 'expert'
+* Warð 'rose' (f)
+* -garur (m/f) 'expertise'
+** Warðgarur (m/f), from warð 'rose' + -garur; source of the Irta Thai name Phatthakhong, via Irta Indic Vardhaghaṅ
 ==Sample texts==